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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of metoprolol and alpha-methyldopa in untreated essential hypertension (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 10 (1976), S. 375-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Hypertension ; treatment ; beta-blocking agents ; alpha-methyldopa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypotensive actions of metoprolol and alpha-methyldopa have been compared in 37 men with previously untreated essential hypertension; 36 belonged to stage 1 and 1 to stage 2 of the WHO classification. After four weeks of placebo treatment the patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either of the two drugs. Treatment was started with metoprolol 75 mg daily or alpha-methyldopa 375 mg and was doubled after eight weeks. Satisfactory blood pressure control was defined as systolic blood pressure below 160 mm Hg and diastolic below 95 mm Hg. The patients were examined every four weeks and in those with unsatisfactory control the dose was gradually increased up to a maximum daily dose of metoprolol 450 mg or alpha-methyldopa 2250 mg. The trial lasted for 24 weeks after randomization. Five patients dropped out of the study. After six months, satisfactory blood pressure control was recorded in 16 out of 17 patients and 14 out of 15 patients treated with metoprolol and alpha-methyldopa, respectively. The average reduction in blood pressure produced by the two drugs was comparable. One patient in the alpha-methyldopa group developed drug exanthema and two patients a positive Coombs' test. Other side effects were few and did not differ between the two compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563072
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intravenous and oral administration of molsidomine, a pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 203-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: molsidomine ; vasodilators ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; dose-response relationship ; haemodynamics ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 12 healthy male volunteers, molsidomine 1, 2 and 4 mg i.v. increased resting heart rate and decreased systolic blood pressure, the latter still being affected after 8 hours. After single oral doses of 1 and 2 mg, systolic pressure tended to be reduced for 90 minutes and exercise heart rate tended to be increased. After oral treatment with 2 mg molsidomine three times daily for 1 week, the pharmacokinetic parameters and the effects on heart rate and blood pressure after the final dose were not different from those after the first dose. The terminal half-life was independent of dose and route of administration. Clearance and distribution volume were not dose-dependent. The bioavailability of a 2 mg oral dose of molsidomine was 44%. Inter-individual variation in heart rate, blood pressure and pharmacokinetics was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544046
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute effects of drinking grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics and dynamics on felodipine — and its potential clinical relevance (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 313-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Dihydropyridine ; Felodipine ; availability ; flavonoids ; dietary interaction ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of drinking grapefruit juice on the acute pharmacokinetic and haemodynamic actions of the dihydropyridine calcium antagonist felodipine given as a 5 mg plain tablet has been studied in nine, healthy, middle-aged males. Compared to water, grapefruit juice caused an increase in Cmax from mean 6 to 16 nmol · l−1, and in the AUC from 23 to 65 nmol · h · l−1. The change in AUC corresponded to an increase in the systemic availability of felodipine from 15 to 45%, assuming no change in its clearance. This change was probably caused by inhibition of the oxidation of felodipine to the inactive dehydrofelodipine by flavonoids in grapefruit juice. The interaction with grapefruit juice is believed to be a class effect for the dihydropyridines, as oxidation of the dihydropyridine ring to the corresponding pyridine derivative is a major metabolic route for all these drugs. The higher plasma concentrations of felodipine taken with grapefruit juice resulted in a greater change in blood pressure measured in the morning 3 h after dosing (−9%) than did water (0%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266354
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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