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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ipriflavone inhibits osteoclast differentiation in parathyroid transplanted parietal bone of rats (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 314-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Ipriflavone ; Parathyroid hormone ; Osteoclasts ; Bone histomorphometry ; Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Ipriflavone, a synthetic isoflavone-derived flavonoid, was shown to have inhibitory effect on bone resorption. In order to study its mechanism of action directly on bone, 46 female Wistar rats were divided into six groups and medicated orally for 25 days as follows: groups 1 and 2 were given 1% carboxymethylcellulose solution (vehicle), groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were administered ipriflavone at doses of 0.178, 0.356, 0.712, and 1.424 mmol/kg/day (suspended in vehicle), respectively. On the 22nd day, parathyroid glands, taken from donor rats, were transplanted in contact with the outer surface of the periosteum of both the right and the left parietal bones of rats from groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The group 1 rats underwent sham operation. Bone histomorphometry, performed on the ectocranial periosteum of parietal bones, showed that absolute erosion boundary, absolute eroded area, absolute erosion depth, number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive polinucleated osteoclasts, and number of TRAP-positive mononucleated cells decreased in ipriflavone-treated rats compared with group 2 rats. The reduction was roughly proportional to the increase of drug dosage and reached statistical significance in rats of groups 5 and 6. The same parameters were extremely low in group 1 rats. Mineral apposition rate did not differ in any of the groups. Significant increase of serum calcium and significant decrease of serum phosphate were found in group 2 rats compared with group 1 rats, whereas no differences from controls were detected in ipriflavone-treated animals. The results demonstrate that ipriflavone has a direct inhibitory effect upon bone resorption, probably by reducing recruitment or differentiation of osteoclasts, rather than by inhibiting the resorption activity of differentiated osteoclasts. Ipriflavone also seems to exert a protective action against parathyroid hormone (PTH) diffusion from the site of parathyroid gland transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301628
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stem cells in tissue engineering (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 414 (2001), S. 118-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The concept of producing 'spare parts' of the body for replacement of damaged or lost organs lies at the core of the varied biotechnological practices referred to generally as tissue engineering. Use of postnatal stem cells has the potential to significantly alter the perspective of tissue ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35102181
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endosteal surfaces in hyperparathyroidism: An enzyme cytochemical study on low-temperature-processed, glycol-methacrylate-embedded bone biopsies (1991)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 419 (1991), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Hyperparathyroidism ; Osteoclast ; Osteoblast ; Marrow stromal cells ; Alkaline phosphatase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alkaline phosphatase (AIP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activities have been studied comparatively in needle biopsies of the iliac crest of four cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism (renal osteodystrophy). AIP activity was associated with the plasma membrane of osteoblasts and their processes, of reticular cells of bone marrow and of young osteocytes of osteoid borders and woven bone. Moreover, it was detected in the fibroblast-like cells of the endosteal “fibrosis”. These cells were orderly in arrangement and were parallel to the endosteal surfaces near zones of bone formation. They were disorderly near zones of bone resorption. A strong TRAP-positive reaction was present in osteoclasts and mononuclear cells of endosteal “fibrosis” and in osteocytes located near active osteoclasts and in woven bone. These results suggest that the socalled fibrosis of hyperparathyroidism, rather than representing reparative, inert tissue, consists of osteoblastlike cells, probably precursors of osteoblasts derived by parathormone-stimulated proliferation of AIP-positive stromal cells of bone marrow, and of TRAP-positive, mononuclear cells, probably preosteoclasts. Moreover, they show that TRAP activity can be present in osteocytes, probably under stimulation by the same factors which stimulate osteoclast activity. The histochemical demonstration of AIP and TRAP facilitates the morphological diagnosis of metabolic bone disease and may improve knowledge of bone physiopathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01605077
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confocal images of marrow stromal (Westen-Bainton) cells (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 100 (1993), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A cytochemical method was used for imaging a defined subset of marrow stromal cells (alkaline phosphatase-positive reticulum cells, hereinafter referred to as Westen-Bainton cells), which are endowed with membrane-associated alkaline phosphatase. The use of two different types of confocal microscopes was compared: a tandem scanning reflected light microscope and a laser scanning confocal microscope equipped with a 633 nm (helium-neon) laser. Sharp confocal reflection images of the cytochemically stained stromal cells were obtained with both microscopes. Three-dimensional reconstructions were generated with both systems, revealing morphological features of Westen-Bainton cells related to both their actual shape and organization within tissue architecture, which were not otherwise appreciated. The observations were extended to individual cases of bone pathology, and demonstrated the value of confocal microscopy for the investigation of marrow-bone relationships in physiology and disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00572894
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Targeted disruption of the biglycan gene leads to an osteoporosis-like phenotype in mice (1998)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 20 (1998), S. 78-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The resilience and strength of bone is due to the orderly mineralization of a specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of type I collagen (90%) and a host of non-collagenous proteins that are, in general, also found in other tissues. Biglycan (encoded by the gene Bgn) is an ECM proteoglycan ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1746
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paramyxovirus-like nuclear inclusions identical to those of Paget's disease of bone detected in giant cells of primary oxalosis (1992)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 421 (1992), S. 427-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Primary oxalosis ; Paget's disease of bone ; Nuclear inclusions ; Paramyxovirus ; Osteoclasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nuclear inclusions, identical to those characteristic of Paget's disease of bone, were observed in giant cells in four of eight cases of primary oxalosis. The giant cells containing nuclear inclusions were directly involved in phagocytosis of large oxalate crystals in the context of typical foreign body granulomas in the bone marrow. Cytochemically, all of them exhibited strong tartrateresistant acid phosphatase activity, and a proportion of them also tartrate-resistant acid ATPase. The inclusions consisted of typical arrays of filamentous material as described in Paget's disease, admixed with variable proportions of electron-dense material closely reminiscent of nucleolar pars fibrillaris and fibrillary centres. These data indicate: (a) the occurrence of Paget-like inclusions in a bone disease unrelated to Paget's disease, not causally related to viral infection, and resulting from an inborn metabolic derangement; and (b) the occurrence of Paget-like inclusions in foreign body giant cells as opposed to osteoclasts. We suggest that the occurrence of paramyxovirus-like nuclear inclusions in either osteoclasts or giant cells may represent an epiphenomenon of cell fusion and giant cell formation whenever appropriate stimuli act on latently infected precursor cells. Further-more, our data suggest that nucleoli may represent the specific site of virus-like inclusion formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01606916
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic granulomatous disease in two sisters (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical immunology 4 (1984), S. 220-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Chronic granulomatous disease ; female
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two sisters with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) have been studied. The diagnosis was suggested by the histopathological findings from the spleen and lymph nodes of the proband and confirmed by the low values obtained in the following tests performed on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN): chemiluminescence, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction, killing ofStaphylococcus aureus, and O 2 − production. NADPH oxidase activity was not detected in the homogenates of the patients' PMN but cytochromeb was normally present. In addition, PMN depolarization induced by phorbol-myristate acetate was absent, thus suggesting a defect of the activation mechanism of the respiratory enzyme. The normal depolarization induced by ouabain indicated that the membrane polarity regulated by the Na/K pump in the patients' cells was not affected. The low, but not completely absent, respiratory activity of the patients' PMN could suggest an X-linked mode of inheritance with incomplete Lyonization. From a clinical point of view, one sister had mild symptoms whereas the other was almost symptomless, thus confirming once more the heterogeneity of CGD syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00914969
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anodic synthesis of polyaniline coatings onto fe sheetsPresented in part at the 31st ISE Meeting in Venice, September 1980. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 4247-4257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Aniline Black coatings were obtained on Fe anodes by electrolyzing a basic solution of aniline in a water - methanol medium. Allylamine (an inhibitor of Fe corrosion), although not essential to the process, imparts better efficiency to it. The deposited polymers contain 15-20% azobenzene and exhibit semiconductor properties. The three nitroaniline isomers need a more efficient corrosion-inhibition system. They may be polymerized to adherent films in the presence of both allylamine and K2CrO4.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070261224
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