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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic pressure-volume curves of the respiratory system reveal a high tendency to lung collapse in young pigs (1999)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 1140-1146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Animal ; Porcine ; Mechanics ; Compliance ; Elastic recoil ; Recruitment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To study pressure-volume (P/V) curves over a wide pressure and volume range in pigs.¶Design: Dynamic and static P/V curves (Pdyn/V and Pst/V) and compliance of the respiratory system were studied. The effects of recruitment, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and body position were analysed.¶Setting: Research animal laboratory.¶Materials: Seven anaesthetised, paralysed and ventilated healthy pigs of 21 kg.¶Measurements: P/V curves up to a pressure of about 40 cmH2O were recorded with a computer-controlled ventilator. Pst/V curves were obtained with the static occlusion method and Pdyn/V curves during an insufflation at a low, constant flow rate.¶Results: Pdyn/V recording showed a complex pattern. During the insufflation compliance increased, fell, increased and fell again. A 2nd ¶Pdyn/V recording immediately following the 1st one was displaced towards higher volumes and showed only one maximum of compliance. The difference between the two curves reflected: (1) lung collapse during a period of 5 min of ventilation at zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) following a recruitment manoeuvre, (2) recruitment during the measurement of the 1st Pdyn/V curve. These observations were similar in the supine and in the left lateral position. After ventilation at PEEP, 4 cmH2O, the signs of collapse and recruitment were reduced. It was confirmed that PEEP offers a partial protection against collapse. Pst/V curves showed higher volumes and higher compliance values compared to Pdyn/V curves. This reflects the influence of viscoelastance on Pdyn/V curves.¶Conclusion: The study demonstrates a particularly strong tendency to lung collapse in pigs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051026
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkoxy sol-gel derived Y3−xAl5O12:Tbx thin films as efficient cathodoluminescent phosphors (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 3800-3802 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin-film Y3−xAl5O12:Tbx3+ (YAG:Tb) phosphor derived from a sol-gel chemistry is analyzed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL). The metal alkoxides organic precursors were chosen as the starting materials to form the sol-gel. This liquid sol-gel was spin coated on sapphire and silicon substrates to form the uniform thin films, then crystallized by annealing. The PL intensity of the crystallized film at 545 nm green emission was 15 times higher than that of the as-coated noncrystalline film. CL measurements show that luminance and efficiency are comparable to the films deposited by other techniques. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1378313
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of NO inhalation on pulmonary leukocyte sequestration and blood volume in porcine endotoxaemia (2000)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. 336-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Nitric oxide ; Leukocyte sequestration ; Sepsis ; Endotoxin ; Shock ; Lung ; Oxygenation ; Pulmonary vasoconstriction ; Blood volume ; Circulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Sequestration and migration of activated neutrophils plays a major role in the pulmonary injury typical of septic shock and the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Inhaled NO may counteract alveolar-capillary damage attributed to activated neutrophils. The present study describes a method to directly demonstrate the effects of NO inhalation on endotoxin-induced sequestration of 99 mTc-labelled leukocytes [As(t)] in the lungs of pigs.¶Design: Prospective controlled study.¶Setting: Laboratory for experimental surgery at a university medical centre.¶Subjects: Anaesthetised and ventilated pigs.¶Interventions: To induce inflammatory shock 26 animals received a continuous endotoxin infusion. Thirteen animals inhaled NO from the start of the experiments, while 13 served as controls. In 13 animals from both groups, leukocytes were labelled in vitro and reinjected, while in the 13 others erythrocytes were labelled in vivo to provide corrections for changes in blood volume.¶Measurements and results: The pulmonary distribution of 99 mTc-labelled leukocytes or erythrocytes was studied dynamically for 180 min. After correction for changes in pulmonary and heart blood volume (PBV, HBV), leukocyte sequestration curves were generated. Endotoxin induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, reduced PBV, impaired oxygenation, and caused a maximum increase in As(t) of 30 % in the lungs. NO inhalation attenuated pulmonary vasoconstriction and the reduction in PBV. The maximum increase in As(t) was reduced to 15 % of baseline.¶Conclusions: Inhaled NO exerts its main vascular effects in the pulmonary microvasculature, the primary site of physiological neutrophil margination and pathological adhesion of activated leukocytes. Early use of NO inhalation may offer protection against the development of more lasting pulmonary failure in septic shock by reducing leukocyte sequestration in the lungs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051159
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid thermal annealing effects on atomic layer epitaxially grown Zns:Mn thin films (1999)
    Springer
    Materials research innovations 3 (1999), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-075X
    Keywords: Key words ZnS:Mn ; ITO ; Photoluminescence (PL) ; Cathodoluminescence (CL) ; Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) ; Low voltage ; Phosphors ; Thin-films ; Atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) ; Electroluminescence (EL)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  ZnS:Mn thin films were coated on transparent conducting layer indium tin oxide (ITO) 2×2 in. glass substrates by an atomic layer epitaxy process. Grazing-angle X-ray diffraction on thin films shows a phase-pure ZnS with a wurtzite structure oriented along the 002 direction. Photoluminescence and CL measurements were carried out on the films. The emission from ZnS:Mn thin films consists of two strong bands at 515 and 452 nm with an excitation band at 329 nm. For improved brightness, the samples were annealed in a rapid thermal annealing furnace under different gas atmospheres (N2, O2 and forming gas) so that the green emission was increased. The green emission is due to donar-acceptor combination. Promising results were obtained when the thin films were annealed in forming gas at 600°C for one minute. Scanning electron microscope micrographs showed that the particles are well crystallized, with a grain size of 0.3–0.5 µm. This paper reports the particle size and morphology on the luminescent characteristics of a Mn2+ center in ZnS thin films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100190050128
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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