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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiology and Genetics of Interspecific Hybrids Between Photosynthetic Types (1993)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 44 (1993), S. 435-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-2519
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.44.060193.002251
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tall Fescue Endophyte Detection: Commercial Immunoblot Test Kit Compared with Microscopic Analysis (1999)
    Springer
    Crop science 39 (1999), S. 796-799 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) Glenn, Bacon, and Hanlin comb. Nov. in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) seed and plant tissue would be beneficial for tall fescue breeding and seed lot analysis. This experiment was conducted to determine the accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility of the Phytoscreen Neotyphodium immunoblot detection kit (Agrinostics Ltd. Co, Watkinsville, GA). Tissue immunoblot was compared with histological staining followed by microscopic analysis on tall fescue tillers from a greenhouse grow-out test, field grown spaced plants, established field paddocks, and different tall fescue seed lots. Endophyte-infected and endophyte-free tall fescue populations were evaluated by both methods. Results obtained by both methods were similar regardless of the infection level of the population, type of tissue assayed, or the technician that conducted the assay. The immunoblot detection kit was accurate and reliable and readily accommodated large numbers of samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP variation in diploid and tetraploid alfalfa (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1991), S. 89-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Alfalfa ; Genetic diversity ; Phylogenetic tree ; Gene duplication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a major forage crop throughout the world. Although alfalfa has many desirable traits, continued breeding is required to incorporate pest resistances and other traits. We conducted this study to determine the amount of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variability present within and between diploid and tetraploid alfalfa populations, and whether or not this variability is sufficient for construction of an RFLP map. Diploid plants from M. sativa ssp. falcata, ssp. coerulea, and ssp. sativa and tetraploid spp. sativa cultivars ‘Apollo,’ ‘Florida 77,’ and ‘Spredor 2’ were included. A total of 19 cDNA clones was probed onto genomic Southern blots containing DNA digested by EcoRI, HindIII, or BamHI. Phylogenetic trees were produced, based on parsimony analysis of shared restriction fragments. Evidence for extensive gene duplication was found; most probes detected complex patterns of restriction fragments. Large amounts of variation are present within all diploid subspecies. M. sativa ssp. falcata plants formed clusters distinct from ssp. sativa or ssp. coerulea plants, which were not distinctly clustered. Some M. sativa ssp. falcata plants were more similar to the other groups than to other plants within ssp. falcata. Variation among tetraploid cultivars showed that Florida 77 and Apollo had more similarities than either showed with Spredor 2. All three cultivars showed large within-population variation, with Apollo being the most diverse and Spredor 2 the least. Based on these results, development of an RFLP map at the diploid level appears possible. Also, differentiation of cultivars, particularly ones of divergent origin, seems possible based on RFLP patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229230
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of simple sequence repeat (SSR) DNA markers in diploid and tetraploid alfalfa (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 165-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Medicago sativa ; Autotetraploid linkage map ; Microsatellites SSR ; Inbreeding depression ; Single dose allele (SDA) analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Cultivated alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is an autotetraploid. However, all three existing alfalfa genetic maps resulted from crosses of diploid alfalfa. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the use of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) DNA markers for mapping in diploid and tetraploid alfalfa. Ten SSR markers were incorporated into an existing F2 diploid alfalfa RFLP map and also mapped in an F2 tetraploid population. The tetraploid population had two to four alleles in each of the loci examined. The segregation of these alleles in the tetraploid mapping population generally was clear and easy to interpret. Because of the complexity of tetrasomic linkage analysis and a lack of computer software to accommodate it, linkage relationships at the tetraploid level were determined using a single-dose allele (SDA) analysis, where the presence or absence of each allele was scored independently of the other alleles at the same locus. The SDA diploid map was also constructed to compare mapping using SDA to the standard co-dominant method. Linkage groups were generally conserved among the tetraploid and the two diploid linkage maps, except for segments where severe segregation distortion was present. Segregation distortion, which was present in both tetraploid and diploid populations, probably resulted from inbreeding depression. The ease of analysis together with the abundance of SSR loci in the alfalfa genome indicated that SSR markers should be a useful tool for mapping tetraploid alfalfa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051465
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response ofPanicum maximum Jacq. to inoculation withAzospirillum brasilense (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 52 (1979), S. 585-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction ; Azospirillum brasilense ; Guineagrass ; Plant dry weight ; Plant nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effects on plant dry weight and acetylene reduction activity after applyingAzospirillum brasilense (strain 13t) to guineagrass,Panicum maximum Jacq., grown in clay pots under greenhouse conditions, are reported and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277955
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rhizobium meliloti inoculation of alfalfa selected for tolerance to acid, aluminum-rich soils (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 116 (1989), S. 283-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acetylene reduction ; acid-tolerant germplasm ; Al ; Al toxicity ; lucerne ; Medicago sativa ; N2-fixation ; nodulation ; top dry weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth and nodulation in acid soil is reduced because the plant and its bacterial symbiontRhizobium meliloti cannot tolerate acid, aluminum-rich soil. A study was conducted to determine if a relatively acid-tolerant alfalfa germplasm combined with a relatively acid-tolerantR. meliloti strain could overcome these limitations. In a light room study, an acid-tolerant alfalfa germplasm inoculated with a more acid-tolerantR. meliloti strain produced greater top growth, nodule number and weight, and acetylene reduction values in an unlimed soil (pH 4.6) than the same germplasm inoculated with a relatively acid-sensitiveR. meliloti strain or an acid-sensitive germplasm inoculated with either a relatively acid-tolerant or acid-sensitiveR. meliloti strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02214560
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acetylene reduction activity of pearl millet inbred lines grown in soil (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 110 (1988), S. 143-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Alfalfa ; Azospirillum brasilense ; N2-fixation ; Pennisetum americanum (L.) K. Shum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Pearl millet inbred lines previously selected for differences in acetylene reduction activity (ARA) in seedling agar tubes were found to support low soil ARA. Lines selected for high ARA gave better performance than lines selected for low ARA. None of the high ARA lines was found to approach the ARA of alfalfa with their average rates over 40 fold lower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143551
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., in highly weathered, acid soils (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 65 (1982), S. 27-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acid soil ; Acid tolerant germplasm ; Liming ; Nodulation ; P application ; Root dry weight ; Top dry weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Seedlings of a broad based population of alfalfa, (Medicago sativa L.), were visually selected for 2 generations (cycles) in an acid Cecil soil (pH=4.8). Simultaneously, 2 generations of selections were made in a limed Cecil soil (pH=6.2) amended with phosphorus. When tested in acid soil (pH=4.8) with added P, the cycle 2 acid selections yielded significantly more top yield than either the limed selections or the original seed. When grown in the limed soil (pH=6.2) without added P, the acid selections yielded significantly less. There were no significant differences among selections in other soil conditions (pH=4.8, no P added and pH=6.2, P added). Root weight and length and nodule fresh weight correlated well with top yield in all treatments. The yield of the 10 parent varieties and polycrossed seed of their cycle 1 acid and cycle 1 limed selections were compared under two soil conditions (acid and limed). The results of this test indicate that some varieties were more responsive to acid soil selection than other. Overall, none of the 10 varieties showed any decreases in total top yield due to one cycle of selection in either the acid or limed soil conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02376800
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., in highly weathered, acid soils (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 65 (1982), S. 187-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al toxicity ; Gypsum ; Liming ; Lucerne ; Top growth dry weight ; Water extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Rooting into acid subsoils would be a desirable trait for alfalfa which should result in better water extraction and yield. In this study, the rooting depth into acid subsoils and top yield of alfalfa plants selected for acid tolerance were investigated in a repacked profile with a limed, fertile topsoil, but unamended, acid subsoil. The effects of subsoil modification by CaCO3 and CaSO4·2H2O addition on alfalfa rooting, top growth, and water extraction were also studied. Plants from acid selections rooted deeper into acid subsoil when compared to control plants (selected under limed conditions). However, the reverse response was found in the CaSO4·2H2O treated subsoil. There were no differences among selections for total top yield for any subsoil treatment. Water extraction from the lower subsoil and top growth yield (data pooled by selections) were improved mainly in the subsoil treatment containing the highest addition of CaCO3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374649
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., in highly weathered, acid soils (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 59 (1981), S. 455-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction ; Acid soil ; Al uptake ; Liming ; N uptake ; Nodulation ; P application ; Plant persistence ; Root dry weight ; Seed germination ; Shoot dry weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of lime and P application on yield (top and root weigh), nodulation, intervally collected acetylene reduction (N2-fixation), and N and Al uptake of young alfalfa (46 days growth) were investigated in greenhouse pots containing acid Bladen or Bradson topsoils. The effect on seed germination and seedling persistence under these greenhouse conditions was also recorded. Alfalfa yield and acetylene reduction increased with lime and P additions in both soils, but, predominately, with P. There was no advantage of increasing these two parameters with liming past pH 6.0 provided P was adequate. Positive relationships (R2) existed between yield and acetylene reduction, and with both factors and root weight, nodule weight, and N uptake. Increased uptake of Al by alfalfa seedlings depressed yield, but data indicate P may block Al uptake at high soil pH. There were no treatment effects on seed germination, but P application increased plant persistence in the Bladen soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184549
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