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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new lux gene in bioluminescent bacteria codes for a protein homologous to the bacterial luciferase subunits
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 155 (1988), S. 351-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(88)81092-1
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new lux gene in bioluminescent bacteria codes for a protein homologous to the bacterial luciferase subunits
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 155 (1988), S. 351-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(88)81092-1
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The SMART needle (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Central venous access is an essential part of patient management in many clinical settings. Traditionally this has been achieved by a blind, external landmark guided technique which may not correlate exactly with the location of the vessel. We have prospectively evaluated the SMART needle, a new Doppler ultrasound guided vascular access device, in 40patients, to evaluate whether it can improve on the standard technique. The SMART needle was easy to use and reliably distinguished between arterial and venous signals. No advantage was demonstrated in‘easy’internal jugular vein cannulations. Although ease of cannulation in difficult cases was subjectively improved, the differences in time to cannulation and number of passes between the groups failed to reach statistical significance and the complication rates were similar. However, the use of the SMART needle on two occasions enabled avoidance of carotid artery puncture by correctly distinguishing the artery from the vein, so that it may have a rôle in patients in whom difficult internal jugular venous cannulation is anticipated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1994.tb04268.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversal of streptokinase induced bleeding with aprotinin for emergency cardiac surgery (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Two patients requiring emergency cardiac surgery following the administration of streptokinase are described. In each case aprotinin was given to counteract the haemorrhagic effects of the streptokinase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb02125.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The anti-proliferative effect of suramin towards tamoxifen-sensitive and resistant human breast cancer cell lines in relation to expression of receptors for epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-I: Growth stimulation in the presence of tamoxifen (1998)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 9 (1998), S. 205-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: breast cancer ; epidermal growth factor ; insulin-like growth factor-I ; suramin ; transforming growth factor-β
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: A significant proportion of breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen therapy relapse during treatment following acquisition of tamoxifen-resistant or oestrogen-independent phenotypes. The mechanism behind this rapid progression to oestrogen autonomy is at present unclear and further treatment modalities are limited. Suramin represents a novel potential second line therapy. The mechanism of the antineoplastic activity of suramin is not completely understood, although the drug binds to many growth factors including epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factors and can also dissociate growth factors from their receptors. In this study we have related suramin sensitivity to the expression of receptors for epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-I in a number of breast cancer cell lines including lines resistant to tamoxifen. Materials and methods: The anti-proliferative effects of suramin were investigated in two oestrogen dependent breast cancer lines (ZR-75-1 and MCF-7), oestrogen independent (ZR-PR-LT) and tamoxifen resistant (ZR-75-9a1) variants of ZR-75-1 and a tamoxifen resistant (LY2) variant of MCF-7. Full dose response curves were constructed and IC50values determined for each cell line. Sensitivity to suramin was correlated with the level of expressio n of receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGFR). On observing stimulation of cell proliferation by suramin in the tamoxifen resistant cell lines in the presence of tamoxifen we also investigated the possible role of suramin sequestration of transforming growth factor-β in mediating this effect. Results: All cell lines exhibited a dose- and time-dependent response to suramin treatment. Tamoxifen resistant ZR-75-9a1 cells (day 6 IC5085 µg ml−1) were more resistant to suramin than oestrogen independent ZR-PR-LT cells (day 6 IC5045 µg ml−1), and the parent ZR-75-1 line (day 6 IC5056 µg ml−1). Increased sensitivity to suramin was associated with increased expression of IGFR and decreased expression of EGFR. Tamoxifen resistant LY2 cells were significantly more sensitive to suramin (day 6 IC5070 µg ml−1) than MCF-7 cells (day 6 IC50350 µg ml−1). Both IGFR and EGFR expression by LY2 cells was lower than in the parent line. The antioestrogen-resistant ZR-75-9a1 and LY2 lines grown in the presence of 8 µM tamoxifen were growth stimulated by concentrations of the drug below 100 µg/ml. As growth stimulation observed in the presence of tamoxifen may have been due to suramin sequestration of tamoxifen induced TGF-β1 secretion we also investigated the response of the cells to this peptide in the presence and absence of suramin. All cell lines were growth inhibited by TGF-β1 except ZR-75-9a1 which was unresponsive. Responses to TGF-β1 were modified in the presence of 100 µg suramin ml−1 although TGF-β1 was unable to mimic the ability of tamoxifen to stimulate proliferation in the presence of suramin. Conclusions: These results suggest that for ZR-75-1 cells and variants, increased sensitivity to suramin is associated with an increase in expression of IGFR and a decrease in EGFR numbers. However, tamoxifen resistant LY2 cells, in which both IGFR and EGFR expression is reduced were considerably more sensitive than parental MCF-7 cells suggesting that there is no clear relationship between EGFR and IGFR expression and suramin sensitivity. The unexpected stimulation of cell proliferation of the tamoxifen resistant variants by suramin in the presence of tamoxifen could not be explained by suramin sequestration of transforming growth factor-β and the mechanism of this interaction remains unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008241804078
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization of the lux genes of photobacterium phosphoreum (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 3 (1989), S. 201-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Lux genes ; T7 phage promoter ; luxF ; flavoproteins ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The lux genes from Photobacterium phosphoreum (NCMB844) have been cloned into Escherichia coli in a plasmid containing the T7-bacteriophage promoter. By specific expression in vivo under the T7 promoter, five structural genes (luxA-E) coding for the fatty acid reductase and luciferase polypeptides were identified as well as a new gene, designated as luxF, which codes for a 26kDa polypeptide. This new gene is located between luxB and luxE and thus disrupts the structural gene order of luxCDABE found in the Vibrio genus. The luxF gene and the protein it codes for have recently been identified in other Photobacterium species and so appears to be widely distributed within this genus. Nucleotide sequencing of the luxF gene has shown it to code for a protein homologous to the luciferase subunits, coded by the luxA and luxB genes. Although this gene is not necessary for light emission in all luminescent bacteria, it must play an essential role in the biochemistry, physiology, or ecology of the luminescent system in species of the Photobacterium genus.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170030407
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the lux systems in Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio fischeri (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 3 (1989), S. 193-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Gene regulation ; bacterial bioluminescence ; Vibrio fischeri ; Vibrio harveyi ; lux genes ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Comparison of the nucleotide sequences and gene organization of the lux systems from Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio fischeri has demonstrated that the location and order of the lux structural genes are highly conserved whereas considerable divergence has arisen in the location and/or presence of lux regulatory genes in the two marine bacteria. The order of the lux structural genes (luxCDABE) are identical in the two bacteria with the three fatty acid reductase genes (luxCDE) required for aldehyde biosynthesis flanking the luciferase genes (luxAB). Complementation in trans of the upstream V. fischeri DNA containing the luxC and luxD structural genes with the downstream luxA, B and E genes of V. harveyi resulted in luminescent Escherichia coli that did not require any exogenous aldehyde. These results indicate that the light-emitting systems are very similar in the two bacteria.However, the lux regulatory systems in these two bacteria appear to have clearly diverged. In V. harveyi, an open reading frame of 〉40 codons does not exist within 600 bp of the start of luxC in contrast to the luxl regulatory gene present in the V. fischeri lux system. An open reading frame of 615 bp is present farther upstream of luxC with the same direction of transcription and approximate location as the luxR regulatory gene of V. fischeri; however, apparent homologies do not exist between the two genes. The similarities in organization of the lux structural genes and the differences in the existence and/or location of lux regulatory genes in the two Vibrio species raises the question of how these marine bacteria can have a similar growth-dependent regulation of luminescence expression.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170030406
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of a fused luxAB gene by site-directed mutagenesis (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 4 (1989), S. 310-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Bacterial luciferase ; T7 RNA polymerase ; promoter ; site-directed mutagenesis ; fusion protein ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bacterial luciferases are heteropolymetric enzymes consisting of two non-identical subunits (alpha and beta). The two polypeptides are produced by transcription in the same direction of two genes, luxA and luxB, located immediately adjacent to each other and separated by only 29 base pairs in the Vibrio harveyi genome. Using site-directed mutagenesis, stop codons after luxA were eliminated and the luxB gene was placed in-frame with luxA, resulting in a fused luxAB gene. Transcription of two luxAB mutant genes from the bacteriophage T7 promoter and translation in Escherichia coli resulted in the synthesis of fused polypeptides containing the alpha and the beta subunits of luciferase linked by either a single amino acid residue or a decapeptide. E. coli synthesizing the latter fusion protein with the decapeptide linker expressed a level of luminescence comparable to E. coli containing the wild type genes while E. coli synthesizing the polypeptide with a single amino acid as a linker expressed about 2000-fold lower light. These results provide the basis for generating a bacterial luciferase system that can be expressed under the control of a single promoter in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170040143
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