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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental verification of episodic acidification of freshwaters by sea salts (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 334 (1988), S. 422-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The seasalt effect can be ascribed to cation-exchange processes in soils6'7, and has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments with soil columns8'9 and plot experiments10. A fraction of the incoming Na and Mg in sea salt is exchanged for other cations in the soil. In acid soil a significant ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/334422a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid neutralizing capacity of lakes in the North Cascades area of Washington State (1986)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 30 (1986), S. 1045-1053 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Thirty three lakes were surveyed in 1983 in the North Cascades area of Washington State and 27 additional lakes were surveyed in 1984 to characterize lake chemistry in the area. Lakewater ANC was less than 100 ueq 1−1 for 37% of the lakes and less than 200 ueq 1−1 for 68% of the lakes. The North Cascades are very similar to unimpacted sensitive areas of North America and Northern Europe in mean alkalinity and (Ca + Mg). Bedrock geology appears to have a significant influence on surface water ANC with lakes on granitic and metamorphic bedrocks having the lowest ANC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303368
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal variability of lake waters in the North Cascades mountains (Washington, U.S.A.) (1986)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 31 (1986), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Five lakes in the North Cascades were sampled at regular time and depth intervals during the open water period in 1984. Surface water ANC was depressed during snowmelt and then increased as summer and fall progressed. Shallow lakes circulated completely in the fall, whereas deep lakes ( 〉 75 m) did not. Sulfate and N03 concentrations in the lakes increased during the snowmelt period and then decreased until iceover. No significant differences were found between surface ANC measurements during fall circulation in successive years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00630826
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional chemical characteristics of lakes in North America Part II: Eastern United States (1986)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 31 (1986), S. 577-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A survey of 1592 lakes ( 〉4 ha and ≤ 2,000 ha) was conducted in Fall, 1984. The study area was three regions of the eastern United States (Northeast, Upper Midwest, and Southeast) expected to contain the most lakes with acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) ≤400 μeq/L. The design of the survey provides statistically reliable estimates of the number, location and chemical characteristics of lakes in the study area. Frequency distribution statistics are presented for pH, ANC, sulfate and organic anion. The highest percentages and numbers of acidic lakes occurred in Florida, the Adirondaks, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The highest percentages and numbers of lakes with high sulfate concentrations occurred in the Poconos/Catskills, Southern New England and Florida. The highest percentages and numbers of lakes with high organic anion concentrations occurred in Northeastern Minnesota, the Upper Great Lakes Area and Florida. The percentage of acidic lakes by sulfate concentration class revealed no discernable pattern across subregions. In contrast, the acidic lakes occur with the highest frequency in the lowest organic anion concentration class. The complex distribution of low ANC lakes cannot be explained simply by sulfate concentrations or organic acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284214
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemistry of lakes in designated wilderness areas in the western United States (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 12 (1989), S. 3-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A synoptic survey of 719 lakes representing an estimated 10,393 lakes in mountainous areas of the western United States was conducted in autumn 1985. Nearly two-thirds of the study lakes were located in wilderness areas or national parks and were sampled by ground access. The results of a comparability study of 45 wilderness lakes accessed by helicopter and ground crews indicated that the data were generally indistinguishable, making it possible to use data from lakes sampled by ground crews without modification. Wilderness lakes had lower acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), base cations, sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon than nonwilderness lakes throughout the West. The highest estimated number (849) and percentage (42.1) of low ANC (≤50 μeq L-1) wilderness lakes were located in California; the lowest number (66) was located in the Southern Rockies. The Sierra Nevada contained an estimated 808 low ANC lakes, representing the largest subpopulation of low ANC lakes associated with an individual mountain range in the West. Wilderness lakes in selected geographic areas of the Rocky Mountains generally contained higher concentrations of major ions than lakes in the far West and the concentrations generally increased from the Northern to the Southern Rockies. Comparison of wilderness lakes in the West with lakes in the Adirondack Park, New York, and the Boundary Waters Canoe Area/Voyagers National Park in Northeastern Minnesota showed that western lakes are highly sensitive resources that currently exhibit little evidence of anthropogenic acidification. Although wilderness lakes do not exhibit symptoms of chronic acidification, short-term depression of pH and ANC from snowmelt and thunderstorms occur and episodic acidification influenced by anthropogenic sources cannot be discounted on the basis of this survey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396724
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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