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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-Induced Adaptive Responses under Greenhouse and Controlled Conditions in the Fern Pteris cretica var. ouvrardii (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 41 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The influence of different growth irradiance conditions on plant development and foliar features were assessed in a shade-adapted fern variety, Pteris cretica var. ouvrardii. A comparison of frond morphology, anatomy, chloroplast infrastructure and chlorophyll content of plants cultivated in both greenhouse and in controlled growth chambers under moderate light, low light (control) and extreme shade revealed pronounced phenotypic modifications. Moderate light induced decreased frond surfaces, thicker leaves, lower chlorophyll content per surface unit, and a markedly reduced density of intraplastidial membranes. In contrast, morphological responses to extreme shade included the formation of larger, thinner fronds, increased chlorophyll content; and a higher membrane density in chrloplasts. A dorsi-ventral distribution of starch-gorged chlroplasts (lower mesophyll cell layers) and essentially starch-free chloroplasts (upper cell layer) characterizes low-light and moderate light fronds, while homogenous starch-free chloroplasts are present in all cell layers of extreme shade fronds. The light-induced modifications are discussed as adaptive responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04884.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural in situ localization techniques applied to leaf tissues: Immuno-gold cytochemistry and in situ hybridization
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Micron And Microscopica Acta 21 (1990), S. 148-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-6260
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0739-6260(90)90020-G
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterotrophic tobacco cell cultures during greening (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 53 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Nicotiana tabacum L. (cv. Xanthi) suspension cultures initially grown in the dark and then exposed to continuous light followed a developmental pattern divided into a lag phase (T0–T2), a growth phase (T3–T9) and a stationary phase (T10–T21). The onset of chloroplast differentiation during the active cell division phase was associated with a rapid chlorophyll synthesis, a high rate of respiratory activity (400 μmol h−1 g−1 dry weight) and a four-fold increase in soluble protein content compared to that of the initial inoculum. Oxygen evolution was nil until T3. It increased regularly up to a value of 30 μmol h−1 g−1 dry weight at the beginning of the stationary phase, higher values (80 μmol) being reached later in this phase. An inverse relationship between phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) and ribulose 1,5-biphosphate carboxylase (RUBPCase) was shown during cell growth. The PEP-Case capacity expressed on a soluble protein basis rose from an initial day 0 value of 3.5 μmol to a maximum of 7.0 μmol at T5 and then returned to the initial value during the post-exponential and stationary phases. In contrast, RUBPCase activity was minimal (0.1 μmol) from T0 to T3 of greening, increasing to a maximum (1.7 to 2.0 μmol) at T8. The 20 fold stimulation of this enzyme capacity was related to a de novo protein synthesis.Immunodiffusion tests revealed the presence of RUBPCase molecules in soluble crude extract of dark-grown cells. The SDS-get densitometric profile of soluble protein extract from dark-grown cells was qualitatively similar to that obtained with crude extract of green cells. The 56,000 Da polypeptide co-migrating with the large subunit (LSU) of RUBPCase appeared reduced in dark-grown cells compared to the peak height of the same polypeptide present in green cells. In both preparations, the 13,000 Da polypeptide co-migrating with the small subunit (SSU) was equally present. The current hypothesis is that the synthesis of RUBPCase at the time of greening would concern the preferential synthesis of the LSU of the enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1981.tb04509.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of plastid terpenoids. I. Biosynthesis of phytoene in plastid stroma isolated from higher plants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 49 (1987), S. 89-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: carotens ; phytoene biosynthesis ; plastids ; stroma ; terpenoids
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(87)90005-7
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotenoid metabolism during chloroplast to chromoplast transformation in Capsicum annuum fruit (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 151 (1981), S. 359-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Capsicum ; Carotenoids ; Chromoplast ; Thylakoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lipid and carotenoid metabolism associated with the structural transformations of the plastids during the ripening of Capsicum annuum fruits were studied. The early ripening stage is characterized by chloroplasts with a typical grana-intergranal structure and a highly developed peripheral reticulum. At a later stage the thylakoid system is disintegrated and replaced by non-chlorophyllous single thylakoids, derived in part from the inner envelope membrane. First, these changes coincide with a loss of galactolipids, a slow increase in phospholipid content, a decrease in the ratio galactolipids/phospholipids and in the galactosyl transferase activities on a protein basis. Second, these changes correlate with an enhanced accumulation of keto-carotenoids. When the phospholipid environment is disturbed by difluorodinitrobenzene or phospholipases, the biosynthesis of phytoene, β-carotene, and capsanthin is inhibited; phospholipase D has a greater effect. The role of a phospholipid environment in carotenoid biosynthesis is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393291
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural detection of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase protein and its subunit mRNAs in wild-type and holoenzyme-deficient Nicotiana using immuno-gold and in-situ-hybridization techniques (1989)
    Springer
    Planta 177 (1989), S. 151-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Mutant (Nicotiana) ; mRNA (RuBPCase) ; Nicotiana ((RuBPCase) ; Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In-situ-localization techniques have been adapted to the ultrastructural detection of the holoenzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) and its composite large- and smallsubunit mRNAs in wild-type and mutant RuBPCase deficient plantlets of Nicotiana tabacum L. Immuno-gold techniques which show the distribution of target proteins have confirmed visually the presence of the holoenzyme in the wild-type plastids and its total absence in the enzyme-less mutant. Using in-situ hybridization coupled with electron microscopy and biotinylated probes for the two subunits, we have directly visualized specific small-subunit mRNAs located in the cytoplasm and large-subunit mRNAs confined to plastids in the enzyme-deficient mutant, and with apparent distributions comparable to those visualized in the wild-type counterpart. These results show that (i) gene products can be visualized in situ by electronmicroscopy techniques under conditions where the respective cellular compartments are readily recognizable and (ii) that an accumulation of mRNAs corresponding to the composite subunits can occur without translation and-or assembly of the protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392803
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunogold localization of glutamine synthetase in soybean leaves, roots, and nodules (1989)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 151 (1989), S. 88-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Immunogold localization ; Glutamine synthetase ; Soybean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Immunogold labelling was used to detect the cellular and sub-cellular distribution of glutamine synthetase (GS) in nodulatedGlycine max var. maple arrow. The protein was detected in thin sections of tissue embedded in LR white acrylic resin by employing two polyclonal antibody preparations, one active chloroplastic GS, the other against the cytosolic form of the enzyme. In the mature leaf tissue, GS was visualized only in the chloroplasts, exclusively within the stroma matrix; in the root cortical tissue, the enzyme was distributed homogenously in the cytosol but with a slight preferential localization associated with certain endomembranes, whereas in the root nodules both cytosolic and plastidial compartments were labelled in infected and uninfected cells. Particular to the infected cells, the bacteroids' inner matrix reacted slightly to the GS antibody and a strong signal was preferentially localized on the bacteroids' outer envelope membranes. In general, GS was more concentrated in nodules as estimated by gold particle distribution, whether in the cytosol, plastids or on the bacteroid envelope membranes, than in either root tissue or leaf tissue. Although the cytoplasmic labelling density in nodules was similar in uninfected and infected cells, certain structural features in the latter (abundant cytosol, numerous GS-positive bacteroids and GS-reactive proplastids) contribute to a more enzyme-rich type than its uninfected counterpart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403445
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural detection of sucrose synthase distribution in developing maize leaves (1996)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 192 (1996), S. 150-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: In situ detection ; Sucrose synthase ; Maize leaves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A developing maize leaf grows by the activity of a basal meristematic region and an adjacent elongating zone, resulting in a morphological and functional gradient along the leaf. We have used this system to detect the spatial and temporal expression of an enzyme, sucrose synthase, which plays a pivotal role in the sucrose import-export transition which occurs along a monocotyledon leaf. Immunogold labeling was used to detect the cellular and sub-cellular distribution of sucrose synthase (SS) at the electron microscopical level; the protein was visualized using a polyclonal antiserum on embedded tissue sections. Immunolabel was observed in the cytosol of dividing meristematic cells, expanding cells of the elongation zone, and in differentiating cells of young photosynthetic tissue. In fully differentiated leaf tissue, however, the protein was no longer immuno-detectable in photosynthetic cells, but was present in the guard and subsidiary cells of stomata and in companion cells within the phloem tissue of vascular bundles. The tissue- and cell-specific localization of sucrose synthase changes along the growing leaf as a function of the developmental state and the associated need for sucrose import or export.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273887
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