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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple, safe, and economical microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition facility (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 3389-3393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A simple and economical microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition facility has been developed and used for synthesis of diamond thin films. The system is similar to those developed by others but includes several unique features that make it particularly economical and safe, yet capable of producing high quality diamond films. A 2.45-GHz magnetron from a commercial microwave oven is used as the microwave power source. A conventional mixture of 0.2% methane in hydrogen is ionized in a bell jar reaction chamber located within a simple microwave cavity. By using a small hydrogen reservoir adjacent to the gas supply, an empty hydrogen tank can be replaced without interrupting film synthesis or causing any drift in plasma characteristics. Hence films can be deposited continuously for arbitrarily long periods while storing only a 24-h supply of explosive gases. System interlocks provide safe start-up and shut-down and allow unsupervised operation. Here we describe the electrical, microwave, and mechanical aspects of the system, and summarize the performance of the facility as used to reproducibly synthesize high quality diamond thin films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142557
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Relationship Between Self-Esteem, Health Habits, and Knowledge of BSE Practice in Female Inmates (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Public health nursing 17 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1446
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This article reports on data derived from an investigation of the self-esteem, health habits, and knowledge of breast self-examination (BSE) practice in female inmates. A descriptive correlational study was conducted with a prison sample of 197 adult females incarcerated in a women's state prison. Major findings of the study suggest that female inmates in general had medium to high self-esteem, poor health habits before incarceration, and minimal knowledge about BSE practice. Only 26% reported correct knowledge related to frequency in BSE practice, and few reported that they knew correct BSE technique. In addition, findings suggest that a correlation does not exist between self-esteem and knowledge of BSE practice, and participants' last grade completed served as a good predictor of women's knowledge of BSE practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1446.2000.00016.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyridine Coordination Complexes of the Divalent Ytterbium Chalcogenolates Yb(EPh)2 (E = S, Se, Te) (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 33 (1994), S. 2743-2747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00091a013
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scaling laws for the reduction of threading dislocation densities in homogeneous buffer layers (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 3808-3816 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the heteroepitaxial growth of films with large misfit with the underlying substrate (linear mismatch strains in excess of 1%–2%) the generation of misfit dislocations and threading dislocations (TDs) is ubiquitous for thicknesses well in excess of the equilibrium critical thickness. Experimental data suggest that the TD density in relaxed homogeneous buffer layers can be divided into three regimes: (i) an entanglement region near the film/substrate interface corresponding to TD densities of ∼1010–1012 cm−2; (ii) a falloff in TD density that is inversely proportional to the film thickness h, applicable to densities in the range ∼107–109 cm−2; and (iii) saturation or weak decay of the TD density with further increase in film thickness. Typical saturation densities are on the order of ∼106–107 cm−2. In this article, we show that the TD reduction may be described in terms of effective lateral motion of TDs with increasing film thickness. An analytic model is developed that successfully predicts both the 1/h scaling behavior and the saturation of TD densities. Long-range fluctuations in the net Burgers vector content of the local TDs is a cause for saturation behavior. These models are supported by computer simulations. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363334
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epitaxial Fe16N2 films grown on Si(001) by reactive sputtering : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5321-5323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a crystallographic template for the growth of the range of Fe-N phases on Si(001) by lattice matching on selected underlayers. Epitaxial films of pure α-Fe, γ′-Fe4N, and α′-Fe8N (N martensite) were grown individually by the optimization of reactive N2 sputtering parameters. The orientation relation of the Fe-N phases was Fe-N(001)(parallel)Ag(001)(parallel)Si(001) and Fe-N[100](parallel)Ag[110](parallel)Si[100]. Annealing the α′-Fe8N films resulted in the formation of α′-Fe8N/α″-Fe16N2 mixtures. In addition to the crystallographic and structural analysis, quantification of x-ray diffraction peak intensities confirmed that the α′/α″ mixtures contained as much as 46 vol % α″ (remaining α′). Vibrating sample magnetometry and SQUID magnetometry measurements of the α′ and α′(54%)/α″(46%) mixture, respectively, indicate enhanced magnetic moments for both the α′ and α″ phases with respect to pure Fe. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361365
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and physical microstructure of Fe16N2 films grown epitaxially on Si(001) : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4128-4130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial Fe16N2 films were grown on Si(001) substrates with an Ag underlayer by reactive sputtering in nitrogen. Pure α′-Fe8N films were obtained which on subsequent annealing resulted in mixtures of α′-Fe8N (54%) and α′′-Fe16N2 (46%). An average moment of 1780 emu/cc, considerably larger than that of pure α-Fe (1714 emu/cc), was measured for both samples. Plan-view transmission electron microscopy of the films confirms the orientation relationship Fe16N2(001)||Ag(001)||Si(001) and Fe16N2[100]||Ag[110]||Si[100], and a small grain size (∼100 Å), while electron energy-loss spectroscopy confirms an average composition of Fe8N for both samples. Electron diffraction patterns indicate that the as-deposited α′ films already contain very small regions of ordered α′′ which were not previously detected by x-ray diffraction measurements. Mössbauer spectroscopy performed at both 300 and 16 K gave three hyperfine fields corresponding to three different iron sites for both the unannealed α′ and the annealed α′/α′′ mixtures. Lorentzian fitting of the three iron components for the α′/α′′ spectrum obtained at room temperature gave an intensity ratio of 1:2:1 (FeI:FeII:FeIII) corresponding to the expected occupancy for the three Fe sites in the Fe16N2 structure. Moreover, the pure α′ film at 300 K and both samples at 16 K showed deviation from this distribution. The three components show notable differences in the temperature dependence of their occupancies; however, all three magnetic components deviate similarly from the surface normal. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365102
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diamond film growth on Ti-implanted glassy carbon (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 1631-1633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth of diamond thin films on glassy carbon substrates has been investigated as a function of deposition time for different surface treatments. Implantation of Ti to a dose of 1.7×1017 cm−2 and abrasion with diamond powder have both been examined to determine their effect on film nucleation and growth. At the shorter deposition times studied, diamond nucleation was observed on all test samples with those subjected to the abrasive pretreatment exhibiting the higher growth rates. However, the adhesion and uniformity of films on unimplanted glassy carbon were found to deteriorate significantly following deposition runs of 14 and 21 h duration. This was attributed to a destabilization of the underlying surface caused by plasma erosion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110718
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalyst-induced yield enhancement in a tubular reactor (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 32 (1993), S. 1888-1894 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00021a012
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INFLUENCE OF NACL LEVEL AND FREEZING ON ACTIN AND MYOSIN CONTENT OF EXUDATE FROM CHUNKED AND FORMED LAMB ROASTS (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of NaCl levels and freezing on bind characteristics and protein exudate of chunked and formed lamb roasts were evaluated. Roasts prepared from frozen lean had lower shear values and Instron peak loads than did roasts prepared from fresh lean. Freezing of lean prior to processing lowered percentage actin in exudate but significant (P〈.05) NaCl level × freezing interactions existed for percentage actin and myosin. Increasing NaCl levels from .5 to 2.0% decreased cook loss in all roasts made from fresh and frozen meat and increased Instron measures of bind in roasts made from fresh but not frozen meat. Effects of freezing and NaCl level on extractability and functionality of the myofibrillar proteins into the exudate at meat chunk surfaces is probably responsible for the observed differences in bind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.1986.tb00851.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MICROWAVE AND CONVENTIONAL BLANCHING EFFECTS ON CHEMICAL, SENSORY, AND COLOR CHARACTERISTICS OF FROZEN BROCCOLI (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Broccoli (cv. Empress) obtained from a local supplier was blanched within 15 h of harvest. It was blanched by four methods in covered containers: conventional boiling water (1900 mL, 4 min) (BW), steam (300 mL water, 4 min) (ST), microwave heated in 1 L glass containers (60 ml water, 4 min, 700 W) (MW), and microwave heated in 1 L Seal-a-MealTM bags (45 ml water, 4 min) (MWB). Aliquots were frozen at -18C for 4 weeks. Fresh unblanched broccoli peroxidase activity ranged from 389 to 829 units/min; activity was essentially zero immediately after all blanching treatments. The highest reduced ascorbic acid (RAA) content occurred in fresh unblanched broccoli. Some peroxidase regeneration occurred during frozen storage. Immediately after blanching, all blanched broccoli had lower RAA content than control broccoli. MW-blanched broccoli retained the greatest amount of RAA and had appearance, visual color, texture scores, and chroma of florets and stems equivalent to ST-blanched broccoli. MW-blanched broccoli had flavor and general acceptability scores similar to BW-blanched broccoli. After 4 weeks in frozen storage, MW-blanched broccoli had the highest RAA content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.1995.tb00398.x
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