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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 9 (1970), S. 396-404 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Entwicklung von laminaren Strömungen wurde experimentell in geraden Rohren mit Kreisquerschnitt untersucht. Die Geschwindigkeitsprofile wurden gemessen und die Eintrittslängen bestimmt, die für den Übergang von dem ursprünglich flachen Profil zur Gleichgewichtsform nötig sind. Die Strömung wurde mit Hilfe von feinen Spurenteilchen sichtbar gemacht. Es zeigte sich dabei, daß nicht-Newtonsche Flüssigkeiten ein deutlich größeres Übergangsgebiet haben als solche, die sich auf dynamisch ähnliche Newtonsche Bedingungen beziehen. Viskoelastische Flüssigkeiten weichen stärker von dem einfachen Fall ab. Das Experiment scheint zu zeigen, daß elastische Effekte das Strömungsfeld in zwei unterschiedlichen Zeitmaßstäben beeinflussen: nicht nur in dem Bereich, in dem die Prozeßzeit von derselben Größenordnung ist wie die Relaxationszeit der Flüssigkeit, sondern auch bei wesentlich langsameren Prozessen.
    Notes: Summary Developing laminar flows have been studied experimentally in straight pipes of circular cross-section. Velocity profiles have been measured and entry lengths determined for the transition from an initially flat profile to the equilibrium form: flow visualisation using fine tracer particles was the technique used. It has been found that non-Newtonian (pseudo-plastic) fluids have significantly longer development regions than those corresponding to dynamically similar Newtonian conditions. Viscoelastic liquids depart even more from the simple case. The experimental evidence seems to indicate that elastic effects influence the flow field at two differing time scales, not only where the process time is of the same order of magnitude as the natural (relaxation) time of the liquid but also in much slower processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 7 (1968), S. 286-289 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Velocity profile development has been studied experimentally in Newtonian and some non-Newtonian fluids. The entry length for the development of 99% of the terminal axial velocity from an initially flat profile has been found to be given byZ e = 1.1–0.112N(Re) for laminar flow Reynolds numbers between 1 and 1500 with Newtonian fluids. There were substantial increases in this length for weakly visco-elastic aqueous solutions of polyethylene oxide and polyacrylamide in the Reynolds number range (between 1 and 10) where these have been studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 548-553 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equations are given that relate the entrance length to Reynolds number for pipe and channel geometries with a flat velocity profile as the initial condition. These equations are linear combinations of the creeping flow and boundary layer solutions. The former is obtained by minimization of the viscous dissipation using the finite element method. The equation for the pipe entrance is shown to be in good agreement with experimental data.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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