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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 5 (1960), S. 181-182 
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Eyeblink reflex ; Orbicularis oculi motoneurons ; Facial motor nucleus ; Confocal imaging ; Retrograde labeling ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The eyeblink reflex is one of the most extensively studied behaviors in mammals. The active downward force that causes lid closure is controlled by the orbicularis oculi (OO) muscle. To augment our studies on the neurophysiology and plasticity of the rat eyeblink circuit, here we present the first anatomical paper to focus exclusively on identifying and characterizing the OO motoneurons of the rat facial motor nucleus (FMN). One thousand and twenty-nine cells from four animals were retrogradely labeled by injecting the OO muscle with HRP and were imaged conventionally. One hundred and one cells from five animals were labeled by injecting the OO muscle with a 3000 mol. wt. fluorescent dextran and were imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The latter method resulted in little tissue shrinkage, bright labeling, and excellent resolution of the soma, dendrites, and axon. Furthermore, it is a histologically simple alternative to HRP for retrograde labeling from the neuromuscular junction. Both methods revealed that the OO motoneurons were distributed over the entire length of the FMN, that they were concentrated along the dorsal crest of the nucleus, and that they were less numerous in the extreme rostral and caudal regions. As measured using the CLSM method, cell body areas were highly variable, ranging from 317 to 1500 μm2, but there was no size gradient along the rostrocaudal extent of the FMN. The neurons exhibited seven primary dendrites on average, which gave rise to bifurcating and even trifurcating secondary dendrites. Using the HRP method, the estimated area of OO motoneurons ranged from 161 to 1381 μm2. The combined methods furnished a detailed characterization of the number, spatial distribution, and morphology of rat OO motoneurons. Moreover, these methods provide a useful way to analyze the circuitry that modulates the rat eyeblink.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 181 (1958), S. 168-170 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] NEMATODES parasitic in the alimentary tract have been shown to cause a depression of the growth-rate of lambs maintained indoors1'2 even when the level of infestation has been sub-clinical. This has been confirmed for lambs at pasture8, and it has been found possible to raise lambs free from ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 14 (1959), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Neuroscience 13 (1990), S. 475-511 
    ISSN: 0147-006X
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
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    New York : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of marketing. 5:4 (1941:Apr.) 456 
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 49 (1993), S. 44-46 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 17 (1991), S. 622-628 
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The success of molecular orbital theory in calculating crystal properties such as bond lengths and atomic force constants has been well documented in the literature. Calculations can be extended to crystals under simulated compression and strain to determine elastic moduli and their pressure derivatives. Comparison of the molecular orbital results with both experimental values and results obtained by calculations such as the potential induced breathing model provides insight into the nature of chemical bonding in MgO. In this study, several molecular clusters were investigated as possible models for MgO; the cluster Mg4O4H24 was chosen as the best model. Molecular energies were calculated with respect to bond length for both compression and expansion based on clusters that had been optimized for minimum energy. The resulting energy-volume curve was fitted to a recently derived equation of state (Brown, in preparation) to derive the values of K 0 and dK0/dP and the individual elastic moduli and their pressure derivatives were calculated by applying strain to the molecular cluster at both zero and elevated pressures. Agreement between theory and experiment varies between parameters, but the overall trend is encouraging. Since the molecular orbital model includes only short range interactions, its ability to approximating model the elastic moduli of MgO suggests a strong contribution to the elastic energy from short range interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 16 (1992), S. 995-999 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Dans cette étude, on a comparé la quantification du reflux duodénogastrique par la mesure du pH intragastrique des 24 heures, par l'aspiration naso-gastrique, par l'analyse de la bile et par l'amylasémie. Huit patients ont été étudier au moins cinq mois après la chirurgie gastrique et/ou biliaire. La corrélation entre le pH et la concentration en acides biliares était de 0.36 (p〈0.001) et entre le pH et l'amylasémie, de 0.48 (p〈0.001). Si on prend un pH 〉 4 pour définir le reflux alcalin, la sensibilité était de 84%. Par rapport aux dosages des acides biliares (la méthode de référence actuellement) ou de l'amylasémie, cette mesure est une méthode simple, peu gênante pour le patient et à l'avantage de quantifier le reflux pendant une période de 24 heures.
    Abstract: Resumen En el presente estudio nos propusimos comparar los resultados de la medición del reflujo duodenogástrico mediante la monitoría de 24 horas del pH intragástrico y la aspiración nasogástrica para el análisis de las concentraciones de ácido biliar y alfa amilasa. Se estudiaron ocho pacierites a los cinco meses o más leugo de cirugía biliar o gástrica. El coeficiente de correlación de la concentración de pH y concentración de ácido biliar fue 0.36 (p〈0.001) y el de pH y concentración de amilasa fue 0.48 (p〈0.001). Al tomar un pH 〉4.0 como indicativo de reflujo duodenogástrico, se halló una sensibilidad de 84% en comparación con la concentración de ácido biliar o de amilasa (la cocentración de ácido biliar ha sido el método “estándar” de medición de reflujo duodenogástrico). La monitoría del pH es un método relativamente simple de realizar, causa mínima incomodidad al paciente y permite medir episodios de reflujo duodenogástrico en el curso de un período continuo de 24 horas.
    Notes: Abstract In this study we compared the results of measurement of duodenogastric reflux using 24-hour intragastric pH monitoring and nasogastric aspiration with analysis of bile acid and alpha amylase concentrations. Eight patients were studied at least 5 months after biliary and/or gastric surgery. The correlation coefficient of pH and bile acid concentration was 0.36 (p〈0.001) and of pH and amylase concentration was 0.48 (p〈0.001). If a pH 〉 4.0 was taken to indicate duodenogastric reflux this had a sensitivity of 84% compared with either high bile acid or amylase concentration. Bile acid concentration has been the “standard” method of measuring duodenogastric reflux. pH monitoring is relatively simple to perform, causes little patient distress, and can measure episodes of duodenogastric reflux over a continuous 24-hour period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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