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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 2617-2630 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The stabilities of about 25 electronic states of B2+2 have been investigated using a multireference CI (MRD-CI) method and an AO basis set composed of 6s4p2d contracted Gaussian species per atom, including semidiffuse functions relevant for an adequate description of charge transfer interactions. The ground state X1∑+g (σ2gσ2u) is repulsive, as expected by its electronic configuration with a zero bond order. In spite of this and the doubly-positive charge, many excited states are found to be metastable, four of them (11∏g, 11∏u, 13∑−g, and 11Δg ) having potential wells from 1.52 eV (11∏u) to 2.83 eV (13∑−g). Relative to the ground state configuration, the metastable states arise from the excitations σu→σg(3∑+u), σu→πu(3,1∏g), σ2u→σgπu(3,1∏u), and σ2u→π2u(3∑−g, 1Δg, 1∑+g); they are analogous to those states showing deep local minima in B2 and B+2.Differences in stabilities among quasibound states can be explained on the basis of the asymptotic ΔE's between repulsive channels B++B+ and appropriate higher-lying limits (states) B+B2+ of bonding character; another important factor governing stability is the actual bonding character of the electronic configurations assigned to each state. The vertical double-ionization potential B2→B2+2(π2u→∞) between both ground states is 27.97 eV, the repulsive X1∑+g dication state being created with 8.37 eV excess energy relative to B++B+. Doubly-ionized states with a chance of being detected because of their long lifetimes against predissociation are those showing a strongly quasibound character, such as (with the vertical double ionization potential in eV given in parentheses): 11∏g(σuπu→∞; 30.29); 11∏u(σ2uπu→σg∞; 31.30); 13∑−g(σ2u→∞; 31.33), and 11Δg(σ2u→∞; 31.95).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 1126-1136 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The potential curves, transition energies (Te), and spectroscopic constants (Re, ωe) of several low-lying electronic states of B+2 and selected doubly excited states of B2 are given. The data have been obtained by using a multireference single- and double-excitation (MRD) configuration interaction (CI) approach and a triple-zeta plus polarization AO basis set. The B+2 ground state, which is found here to be X 2Σ+g, shows a rather shallow potential curve (Re =4.015 bohr, ωe =423 cm−1) when compared with that of X 3Σ−g of B2(Re =3.00 bohr, ωe =1051 cm−1, exptl.). The first excited state of B+2, namely 1 2Πu, lies at Te =0.30 eV. Moreover, double excitations relative to X 2Σ+g are essential for the description of a large number of excited states, such as σuσg→π2u(1 4Σ−u, 1 2Σ−u, 1 2Δu, 1 2Σ+u) and σ2u→π2u(1 4Σ−g,1 2Σ−g, 1 2Δg, 1 2Σ+g). Similarly, 2 2Πu arises from the triple excitation σ2uσg→π3u. In the same order as given above, such multiple excitations lead to a significant gain in bond strength (i.e., shorter Re, larger ωe) as a result of the simultaneous depopulation and population of strongly antibonding and bonding MOs, respectively. For neutral B2, similar features are observed for the excitation σ2u→π2u relative to X3Σ−g (leading to 3 1Σ+g) and 1 3Πu (leading to 2 3Πu). As a result of the loss of the two πu electrons, the ground state dissociation energy(De) of B+2(X 2Σ+g), with a calculated value of 1.94 eV, is about 1.12 eV smaller than the experimental De of B2 (X 3Σ−g).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 10796-10805 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron-spin g-shifts of the title radicals are calculated using second-order perturbation theory, a Breit–Pauli Hamiltonian, and multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) wave functions. The isotropic 〈Δg〉 values (Δg=g−ge) are −830 for C2−(X2Σg+),−6515 for CSi−(X2Σ+), and −7595 for Si2−(12Σg+), in ppm, with ppm=10−6. For the X1A1 ground states of LiC2, NaC2, and LiSi2, they are −315, −290, and −7770 ppm, respectively. Experimental 〈Δg〉 values in Ar matrices, 3900 ppm for LiC2 and 3535 ppm for NaC2, do not agree with calculated results. However, those predicted for the π-type 12B1 excited state of LiC2 and NaC2 (3415 and 3635 ppm, with large parallel components of 9185 ppm for LiC2, and 10 350 ppm for NaC2) are in good agreement with the measured data. Thus, it appears that LiC2 and NaC2 were experimentally prepared, and their ESR spectra measured, in their lowest excited state 12B1. For the 12B1 state of LiSi2, 〈Δg〉 is about 9820 ppm. The latter value is mainly determined by a large g(parallel)-shift of about 28 000 ppm. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 117 (2002), S. 2103-2111 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The hyperfine coupling constants (hfcc) and electron-spin g-factors (magnetic moments) calculated for B2+, Al2+, Ga2+, BAl+, BGa+, and AlGa+ are reported. The hfcc's are obtained with single-reference configuration interaction, second-order Møller–Plesset, density functional (B3LYP, PW91PW91) methods, and 6-311+G(2df ) basis sets. The 2σg/3σ SOMOs of X 2Σg+(1σg21σu22σg)/X 2Σ+(1σ22σ23σ) mainly have a pσ–pσ composition, leading in most cases to similar values of Adip and Aiso. As a result, |A(parallel)| is up two orders of magnitude larger than |A⊥|. The A⊥'s are slightly negative (ca. −10 MHz) for Al2+, Ga2+, and AlGa+. The g-shifts (Δg=g−ge) are evaluated with multireference CI wave functions, perturbation expansions up to second-order, and 6-311+G(2d) basis sets. Both Δg(parallel) and Δg⊥ are negative, but Δg(parallel) lies close to zero. The Δg⊥'s of B2+, Al2+, Ga2+ are about −1 300, −12 800, −97 300 ppm, respectively, while for BGa+, BAl+, AlGa+, they are much smaller (−800, −2 800, −47 400 ppm). The reduced Δg⊥'s for XY+ result from the mutual cancellation between a positive contribution from the 1 2Π(3σ→1π) state but a negative one from 2 2Π(3σ→2π). The positive contribution is at variance with the rule-of-thumb stating that SOMO→virtual MO excitations should contribute negatively. The variation of the hfcc's with bond distance is analyzed for all systems, and that of the Δg⊥ component for B2+ and BAl+. Experimental or previous theoretical electron-spin resonance data are not available for comparison. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 8050-8057 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 94 (1990), S. 1774-1781 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 96 (1992), S. 1630-1640 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 9439-9450 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron-spin magnetic moments of O3−, O3Li, and O3Na, as parametrized by the g factors, are studied at the uncorrelated restricted open Hartree–Fock (ROHF) and correlated multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) ab initio levels. The present method, which uses a perturbative approach complete to second order, is based on a Breit–Pauli Hamiltonian. The calculated Δg values, with Δg=g−ge, are very similar for all three species, confirming that the O3− moiety is retained in the ozonides O3M. In the standard C2v notation, Δgyy〉Δgzz(very-much-greater-than)|Δgxx|. The perpendicular component Δgxx is small and negative, while the in-plane components Δgyy and Δgzz are large and positive. The MRCI results for Δgxx, Δgyy, Δgzz (in ppm) are: −475, 16 673, 10 121 for O3−; −679, 13 894, 9308 for O3Li; and −494, 12 298, 8690 for O3Na. The ROHF values of Δgyy and Δgzz are smaller than the MRCI data, due to a general overestimation of the excitation energies. The MRCI Δg values for isolated O3− reproduce the experimental results for O3− trapped in crystals or adsorbed on MgO surfaces (in ppm, −500–1200 for Δgxx, 12 400–16 400 for Δgyy, and 6900–10 000 for Δgzz). For O3Na, the experimental Δgxx, Δgyy, Δgzz data (−100, 14 200, 9800 ppm) are again satisfactorily described by our correlated results. No experimental g shifts are available for O3Li. In all systems studied here, the Δgxx component is dictated by first-order terms (ground state expectation values); Δgyy is governed by the second-order magnetic coupling between X 2B1 and 1 2A1 [electron excitation from the highest a1 molecular orbital (MO) into the b1(π*) singly occupied MO]; and Δgzz, by the coupling with two 2B2 states (excitations from the two highest b2 MOs into π*). © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 96 (1992), S. 6617-6623 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 96 (1992), S. 6269-6278 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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