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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 5 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using electroencephalographic methods, rats learning or not learning a two-way active avoidance task were found to differ significantly in the structure of sleep determined the day before training. The main differences concerned (i) synchronized sleep episodes followed by wakefulness, which were longer and fewer in learning rats; (ii) paradoxical sleep episodes, which were longer in learning rats. Significant correlations were present between the number and/or the average duration of synchronized sleep episodes followed by wakefulness or by paradoxical sleep and the number of avoidances or escapes scored in the training session. Power spectral analysis indicated that the relative output in the 6 – 7-Hz region was higher in learning rats, notably during short episodes of synchronized sleep followed by paradoxical sleep. As two-way active avoidance training induces comparable modifications in postacquisition sleep (Ambrosini et al., Physiol. Behav., 51, 217 – 226, 1992), the features of preacquisition sleep which prevail in learning rats might directly determine their capacity to learn. Alternatively, they might reflect the existence of a genetic determinant independently conditioning the ability to learn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 46 (1990), S. 753-755 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Prenatal and postnatal development ; Cu, Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase ; free radicals ; aging ; differentiaiton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of our study was to assess the pattern of copper and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (Cu, ZnSOD) and manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity from embryonic life to senescence in rat brain and liver. The two isoenzymes showed different profiles in the two organs examined. In particular, the cerebral MnSOD activity profile suggests a primary role during differentiation of this enzymatic form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 34 (1976), S. 93-97 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors describe a case of true hermaphroditism of mainly female phenotype, ambiguous external genitalia, and ovotestis. The cytogenetic studies revealed 45X/46XY mosaicism and an absence of Barr bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A newborn with a 46,XY, der(13),t(6;13)(p22;q34 or 33)pat karyotype, trisomic for the 6p22→6pter segment and, perhaps, monosomic for the 13q telomere, is reported. The balanced translocation is familial and was also encountered in the sister and paternal grandmother. The infant's phenotype was similar to that described in seven previously reported cases of partial trisomy 6p and further supports a partial trisomy 6p syndrome as proposed by Breuning et al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Gerbil ; Transitional ischemia ; EEG power spectra ; Passive avoidance training ; Ischemic tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Gli effetti precoci di un'ischemia cerebrale globale di 5 o 10 min, della manipolazione chirurgica e dell'anestesia con alotano sono stati valutati nel gerbillo della Mongolia per mezzo dell'esame elettroencefalografico (EEG) e neurologico e dell'addestramento all'evitamento passivo. I gerbilli “sensibili all'ischemia” (rispettivamente il 33% e 64% degli ischemici per 5 e 10 min) morirono durante la chiusura di entrambe le carotidi comuni o entro le 24 ore successive. Gli animali “resistenti all'ischemia” risposero in modo variabile al trattamento. A 6 ore dall'ischemia, tutti gli animali presentavano un'attività EEG caratterizzata da un aumento dell'attività delta (1–4 Hz) e da una diminuzione della banda theta2 (6–9 Hz) che a 24 ore tendevano a normalizzarsi. Deficit di apprendimento fu osservato in 5 gerbilli ischemici 5 min (83%), in 1 controllo-sham 5 min (17%) e in 1 anestetizzato con alotano (17%). Quattordici giorni dopo l'ischemia il danno istologico fu rilevato in 4 gerbilli ischemici ed in 1 controllo sham 5 min. Nell'insieme, questo studio conferma la variabile sensibilità dei gerbilli all'ischemia cerebrale. Inoltre, sebbene i diversi effetti della chiusura delle carotidi siano stati attribuiti alla variabilità del sistema cerebrovascolare, i nostri dati suggeriscono che anche meccanismi cellulari endogeni potrebbero proteggere dall'ischemia. Per questo motivo, sarebbe utile indagare sulle cause molecolari della variabile tolleranza ischemica mostrata dal gerbillo.
    Notes: Abstract The early effects of 5 or 10 min global cerebral ischemia, sham operation and halothane anesthesia were evaluated in Mongolian gerbils by means of electroencephalography (EEG), neurological examination and passive avoidance training. The “ischemia-sensitive” gerbils (33% and 64% of the 5 and 10 min ischemic groups, respectively) died during carotid ligation or within 24 h; the “ischemia-resistant” gerbils showed variable behavioral responses. Six hours after ischemia, all of the animals presented EEG activity characterized by increased delta (1–4 Hz) activity and a decreased theta2 (6–9 Hz) band, with a tendency to recovery at 24 h. Learning impairment was observed in 5 of the 5 min ischemic animals (83%) and in 1 sham (17%) and 1 halothane (17%) control. Fourteen days after ischemia, histologic damage was observed in 4 ischemic gerbils and 1 sham control. On the whole, this study confirms the widely variable susceptibility of gerbils to cerebra ischemia. Moreover, although the variable effects of carotid occlusion have been attributed to multiple factors involving the cerebrovascular system, our data suggest that endogenous cellular mechanisms might protect against ischemia. In view of this consideration, it would be useful to investigate the molecular causes of the variable cerebral ischemic tolerance shown by Mongolian gerbils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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