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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Trophic Mechanisms in the Peripheral Nervous System (1978)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Neuroscience 1 (1978), S. 327-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0147-006X
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.01.030178.001551
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Linkage Between Axonal Ensheathment and Basal Lamina Production by Schwann Cells (1986)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Neuroscience 9 (1986), S. 305-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0147-006X
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.001513
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acute traumatic central cord syndrome: MRI-pathological correlations (1992)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 34 (1992), S. 85-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Schlagwort(e): Acute traumatic central cord syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pathology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The acute traumatic central cord syndrome (ATCCS) is commonly stated to result from an injury which affects primarily the center of the spinal cord and is frequently hemorrhagic. To test the validity of this widely disseminated hypothesis, the magnetic resonance images [MRI] of 11 consecutive cases of ATCCS caused by closed injury to the spine were analyzed and correlated with the gross pathological and histological features of 3 cervical spinal cords obtained at post mortem from patients with ATCCS, including 2 of patients studied by MRI. The MRI studies were performed acutely (18 h to 2 days after injury) in 7 patients and subacutely (3–10 days after injury) in 4. Ten of the 11 patients had pre-existing spondylosis and/or canal stenosis. The 11th suffered a cervical fracture. All patients exhibited hyperintense signal within the parenchyma of the cervical spinal cord on gradient echo MRI. None showed MRI features characteristic of hemorrhage on T1-weighted spin echo or T2*-weighed gradient echo studies. Gross and histological examination of the necropsy specimens showed no evidence of blood or blood products within the cord parenchyma: the primary finding was diffuse disruption of axons, especially within the lateral columns of the cervical cord in the region occupied by the corticospinal tracts. The central gray matter was intact. In patients with ATCCS, the predominant loss of motor function in thedistal muscles of the upper limbs may reflect the importance of the corticospinal tract for hand and finger function in the primate. In this study, the MRI and pathological observations indicate that ATCCS is predominantly a white matter injury and that intramedullary hemorrhage is not a necessary feature of the syndrome; indeed, it is probably an uncommon event in ATCCS. We suggest that the most common mechanism of injury in ATCCS may be direct compression of the cervical spinal cord by buckling of the ligamenta flava into an already narrowed cervical spinal canal; this would explain the predominance of axonal injury in the white matter of the lateral columns.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588148
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transplantation of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells into the spinal cord of the myelin-deficient rat (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 17 (1988), S. 351-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Transplantation of oligodendrocytes or Schwann cells into the spinal cord of the newborn myelin-deficient (md) rat, an X-linked myelin mutant, was carried out and the extent of myelination of CNS axons studied. Dissociated glial cell suspensions, prepared from the spinal cords of female litter-mates, were injected into the lumbar spinal cord of 15 md rats and 5 normal litter-mates. In eight of the md rats examined 12 to 21 days post-transplantation patches of myelin produced by the transplanted oligodendrocytes were found in the dorsal or ventral columns. In two rats, small patches of myelination were found in more than one site. The myelin in these patches was positive on immunocytochemical staining for proteolipid protein. These observations were interpreted as evidence of the origin of this myelin from donor oligodendrocytes, as the md rat has an abnormality in synthesis of this protein. In addition, this myelin differed in its ultrastructure from host myelin, having a normal intraperiod line. Injection of cultured Schwann cells also resulted in extensive myelination of axons in the dorsal columns by these cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01187857
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immortalized rat Schwann cells produce tumoursin vivo (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 17 (1988), S. 521-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We have recently reported the immortalization of primary Schwann cells isolated from sciatic nerves of normal neonatal rats. The cells were maintained under continuous mitogenic stimulation with glial growth factor and forskolin, achieving immortalization after 12 to 15 weeks without the use of viral infection, oncogene transformation or chemical carcinogens. The immortalized cells (1.17 cells) initially retain the capability to recognize and attach to peripheral neurons in culture as well as the ability to myelinate those neurons. The functional capacity of the cells gradually diminishes in culture, such that late passage cells can ensheath neurons but cannot form a myelin sheath. Both normal and immortalized cells secrete comparable amounts of autocrine growth factor activity in culture that can be regulated by extracellular matrix proteins. The difference between quiescent and immortalized Schwann cells seems to lie not in the production of growth factor but rather in the relative ability to respond to the factor(s). To test the potential of the immortalized Schwann cells for the ability to form tumoursin vivo, we injected equal numbers of primary or immortalized Schwann cells into the sciatic nerve of adult syngenic rats and allowed them to incubate there for 6 to 13 weeks, whereupon the injected nerves were inspected for tumour formation. In every case (N=3) the primary cells had no effect whereas every injection of immortalized cells (N=5) resulted in a solid cellular mass surrounding the injected nerve. The tumours were encapsulated masses of actively dividing Schwann-like cells that surrounded but did not invade the nerve fascicle. The cells in the tumour expressed the Schwann cell surface antigens laminin, 217C (Ran 1) and S-100 like the immortalized cells that had been injected. Within the tumour the cells were embedded in a collagenous matrix, were surrounded by basal lamina and occasionally attained an orientation comparable to the Antoni A or Antoni B patterns typical of human schwannomas. These data suggest that rat Schwann cells immortalizedin vitro by chronic mitogenic stimulation can provide an experimental animal model for human schwannomas and neurofibromas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01189807
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