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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pancreatic islets ; A cells ; glucagon ; immuno-histochemistry ; α-granule stains ; xanthydrol ; o-phthalaldehyde ; HCl-basic dye ; phosphotungstic acid ; Grimelius' silver ; electron histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des cellules stockant du glucagon ont été détectées dans les îlots pancréatiques du cheval, du cobaye, du lapin, du rat, du chien et de l'homme au moyen de procédés immuno-histochimiques indirects utilisant la fluorescéine ou la peroxydase comme marqueurs des sérums anti-glucagon. En colorant les îlots des chevaux avec des techniques de coloration sélectives pour les cellules A, B ou D, il a été directement prouvé que seules les cellules A réagissent aux sérums anti-glucagon. Une comparaison entre les méthodes connues pour colorer les granulesα et les méthodes immuno-histochimiques, ainsi que les expériencesin vitro sur le glucagon naturel et synthétique, ont montré que la méthode au xanthydrol et peut-être également la méthode à l'o-phtalaldéhyde, doivent être considérées comme des tests histochimiques spécifiques pour le glucagon; par contre la technique à l'HCl-colorant basique et l'hématéine phosphotungstique doivent être considérées comme des méthodes de coloration non spécifiques pour le glucagon, et la méthode à l'argent de Grimelius probablement comme ne concernant pas le glucagon. Au cours d'investigations ultrastructurales sur le pancréas humain, le centre des granulesα réagissait fortement à l'acide phosphotungstique et aux anticorps anti-glucagon marqués à la peroxydase, alors qu'il ne réagissait pas à l'argent de Grimelius; inversement le halo périphérique des granulesα réagissait fortement à l'argent de Grimelius, et réagissait peu ou pas à l'acide phosphotungstique et aux anticorps anti-glucagon. Ainsi, les résultats à la fois de microscopie optique et électronique indiquent une hétérogénéité structurale et chimique des granulesα.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Glucagon enthaltenden Zellen werden in der Bauchspeicheldrüse von Pferd, Meerschweinchen, Kaninchen, Ratte, Hund und Mensch durch immunhistochemische, indirekte Techniken mit Fluorescein-oder Peroxidase-Markierung von Anti-GlucagonAntikörpern lokalisiert. Durch aufeinanderfolgende Färbungen der Langerhansschen Inseln von Pferden mit spezifischen für die A, B und D Zellen histologischen Methoden, wurde bewiesen, daß nur die A Zellen mit AntiGlucagon-Antikörpern reagierten. Eine Gegenüberstellung der für die Färbung desα-Granulums bekannten Methoden, mit den immunhistochemischen Methoden, und den alsin vitro Untersuchungen über synthetisches und natürliches Glucagon, haben bewiesen, daß die Xanthydrol-Methode, und vielleicht auch dieo-Phtalaldehyd Methode, für das Glucagon spezifische Methoden darstellen, während die HCl-basischen Farbstoffe und die Phosphorwolframsäure-Hämatin Methoden, als unspezifische Färbemethoden für das Glucagon angesehen werden müssen; die Silbermethode nach Grimelius scheint nicht zum Glucagon in Beziehung zu stehen. In ultrastrukturellen Untersuchungen über die menschliche Bauchspeicheldrüse, reagierte das Zentrum (core) des Granulums stark auf die Phosphorwolframsäure und auf die mit Peroxidase markierten Anti-Glucagon-Antikörper, dagegen reagierte es nicht mit der Silbermethode nach Grimelius. Andererseits reagierte der periphere Hof desα Granulums wenig, oder überhaupt nicht mit der Phosphorwolframsäure und den Anti-Glucagon-Antikörpern. Daher zeigen die Ergebnisse von Licht-und Elektronenmikroskopie eine chemische und strukturelle Ungleichartigkeit desα-Granulums.
    Notes: Summary Glucagon-storing cells were detected in the pancreatic islets of horse, guinea pig, rabbit, rat, dog and man by means of indirect immuno-histochemical procedures using fluorescein or peroxidase as markers of antiglucagon sera. By subsequently staining horse islets with selective staining techniques for A, B or D cells, it was directly ascertained that only A cells reacted to antiglucagon sera. A comparison of methods known to stain a granules with immuno-histochemical methods, as well asin vitro experiments on natural and synthetic glucagon, showed that the xanthydrol method, and perhaps also theo-phthalaldehyde method, should be regarded as specific histochemical tests for glucagon whereas the HCl-basic dye technique and phosphotungstic haematein should be considered as unspecific glucagon-staining methods,and Grimelius' silver as a method likely to be unrelated to glucagon. In ultrastructural investigations on the human pancreas, the core of the a granule heavily reacted to phosphotungstic acid and peroxidase-marked antiglucagon antibodies, while being unreactive to Grimelius' silver; conversely, the peripheral halo of theα granule heavily reacted to Grimelius' silver, while being poorly reactive or unreactive to phosphotungstic acid and anti-glucagon antibodies. Thus, both light and electron microscopy findings point to a structural and chemical hetereogeneity of theα granule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 881-883 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Riassunto Le modalità di secrezione dei granuli contenenti Calcitonina da parte delle cellule C sono state studiate in tiroidi di cane in condizioni normali e in coltura organotipica con alto tenore di calcio. È stata notata la presenza di numerosi microtubuli alla periferia delle cellule e alcune immagini suggeriscono un attacco dei microtubuli ai granuli secretori. Viene prospettato che i microtubuli abbiano importanza nel meccanismo di secrezione delle cellule C e forse delle cellule della serie APUD in generale, e che questo possa essere del tipo «emiocitosi».
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 586 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 595 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 3 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fifteen cases of tubular carcinoma of the breast have been studied using histochemical methods for mucosubstances, immunocytochemical methods for casein and actin and conventional electron microscopy. Mucosubstances and casein were demonstrated lying freely in the lumina of the tubules. Occasionally, mucosubstances and casein assumed the form of target-like intracytoplasmic ‘inclusions’ like those characteristically seen in lobular carcinoma. The neoplastic cells did not react with antisera specific against actin. Even at ultrastructural level no myoepithelial cells were observed, whilst villi were revealed along the tubular luminal surface. It appears that, in addition to distinctive biological, histological and ultrastructural features, tubular carcinoma has an almost constant histochemical pattern. This suggests a differentiation towards epithelial secretory cells engaged in intensive milk protein production which has also been shown to be a feature of lobular carcinoma. It is concluded that though lobular carcinoma and tubular carcinoma of the breast have been traditionally regarded as two distinct entities, they have certain similar functional characteristics and it is postulated that these two tumours could represent the extreme variants of the same entity: the infiltrative lobular carcinoma being the most undifferentiated and tubular carcinoma the most highly differentiated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 26 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Endothelial hyperplasia has rarely been recognized in the thyroid. Ischaemic events or hemorrhage, sometimes as a result of fine needle aspiration procedures, have been regarded as possible causes. To clarify the morphological pattern and the clinical significance of this lession, we studied a series of adenomatous goitres and selected 11 cases showing prominent endothelial hyperplasia in an individual nodule. Grossly, the parenchyma of the affected nodule was substituted by greyish, friable tissue surrounded by a fibrous capsule and by a thin rim of residual thyroid parenchyma. Microscopically, fibrinous and haemorrhagic material was crossed by intercommunicating vascular channels or papillary structures. These were lined by plump endothelial cells. In only one case had pre-operative fine needle aspiration biopsy been performed: smears yielded a haemorrhagic background, fibrin and numerous elongated cells; colloid and follicular cells were virtually absent. In both surgical and cytological specimens a differential diagnosis with a vascular neoplasm, a rare occurrence in the thyroid, was taken into consideration. We conclude that intranodular reactive endothelial hyperplasia is a relatively common occurrence (1.6%) in adenomatous goitre and is of diagnostic interest in both surgical and cytological specimens, since it can mimic vascular tumours and may lead to unnecessary treatment if misdiagnosed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 1 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lobular carcinoma of the breast has been studied using histochemical methods for mucosubstances; immunocytochemical methods for casein and actin; the ruthenium red electroncytochemical method for acid glycoproteins and an immunoelectroncytochemical method for casein. Mucosubstances and casein showed a similar cytoplasmic localization, but casein production was much more intense and also showed a more diffuse cytoplasmic localization. Occasionally casein assumed the form of target-like ‘inclusions’ as seen characteristically with the mucosubstances. The neoplastic cells were not stained by antisera against actin. Ultrastructurally, some cells showed an intracytoplasmic lumen with microvilli and/or an irregular outline at one extremity which was covered by microvilli. An electron-dense ‘fuzz’ and casein coated the microvilli of cells exposed respectively to ruthenium red and an anticasein serum followed by peroxidase-anti-peroxidase complexes. It is concluded that lobular carcinoma shows evidence of epithelial rather than myoepithelial differentiation with the emphasis on epithelial secretory cells engaged in intensive milk protein production. All 10 tumours tested for oestrogen receptors were positive in contradistinction to ductal carcinoma with a lower incidence of positivity. It appears that, in addition to distinctive histological and histochemical features, lobular carcinoma has an almost constant endocrine pattern in respect of its oestrogen receptor content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To identify histological preneoplastic lesions and early neoplastic foci, a histological and immunohistochemical study has been conducted on a series of 18 cases with the rare association of multiple intraductal papillomas and in situ breast carcinoma. The pathological and clinical data of these cases have been collated.A close anatomical and spatial association between the benign papillomas and areas of in situ carcinoma (mostly of the cribriform type) was a frequent finding.In agreement with the results of our previous investigations, cytoplasmic CEA has been found to be a marker of intraductal carcinomas, while staining for actin has been found useful to identify the myoepithelial cells present in benign papillomas as opposed to carcinomas. The immunohistochemical procedures for these two markers have been conducted on parallel sections; alternatively, an immunoperoxidase/immuno-galactosidase sequence has been applied on the same section.The results indicate that, in cases with multiple papillomas, CEA-positive, myoepithelial cell-free carcinomatous areas can be anatomically associated with and even present inside the benign-looking papillary lesions.These findings can be interpreted as evidence of a malignant transformation of intraductal papillomas, or, less likely, of their ‘cancerization’ by ductal carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 2 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A procedure for the simultaneous fixation and decalcification of bone biopsies is described. Mild acidic fixatives (such as Bouin's fluid) are effective decalcifying agents when made calcium-free by a continuous circulation through a column of anion-binding ion exchange resin. The procedure has been found relatively fast, safe, economic and to provide excellent histology of biopsies containing cancellous bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 16 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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