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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 255 (1975), S. 121-124 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The flagella of Salmonella can adopt a number of distinct helical forms. This article discusses the design of a subunit which packs to give a helical filament. Polymorphism is explained by small changes in the geometry of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 249 (1974), S. 385-385 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Berg and Anderson1 argue in favour of hypothesis A. Their most positive argument involves the idea that in multi-flagellated bacteria a bivalent antibody firmly attaching itself to two neighbouring flagella would prevent motion according to hypothesis A but not on hypothesis B. Thus, they interpret ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meccanica 27 (1992), S. vii 
    ISSN: 1572-9648
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 475-487 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An essential feature of finite element methods of analysis for symmetrically loaded shells of revolution is the setting up of equations representing the response of a short ‘ring’ element to edge loading.In this paper the axisymmetric behaviour of a short elastic cylindrical shell element under edge loading is described in a new way by means of a matrix which is a combination of stiffness, flexibility and ‘neutral’ sub-matrices. The coefficients of the matrix are derived direct from the equations of the problem, which involves a trivial amount of work in comparison with conventional methods.The corresponding matrix for a short section of an arbitrary shell of revolution is set up with little additional effort, and its use is described for calculation of edge response coefficients for portions of spherical shells.Finally, the method is used to study by iteration the behaviour of a thin spherical shell of viscous material containing a rigid boss which is loaded radially inwards: changes in meridional profile are followed as deformation proceeds. Results are presented for both linear and non-linear viscous material.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 35 (1992), S. 979-996 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper is the second of a pair which discuss the development of a class of overlapping hinged bending finite elements, which are suitable for the analysis of thin-shell, plate and beam structures. These elements rely on a simple physically appealing analogy, in which overlapping hinged facets are used to represent bending effects. They are based on quadratic overlapping assumed displacement functions, which results in constant stress/strain representation. Only translational nodal degrees of freedom are necessary, which is a significant advantage over most other currently available beam, plate and shell finite elements which employ translational, rotational and higher-order nodal variables. In paper I the hinged bending element concept has been introduced, and the hinged beam bending (HBB) and hinged plate bending (HPB) elements formulated. In the present paper these concepts are extended to develop a hinged shell bending (HSB) element. The HSB element can be readily combined with the constant strain triangular (CST) plane stress finite element for the modelling of thin-shell structures; and the combined HSB-CST element is tested against a number of 'standard' thin-shell problems. The present paper, like paper I, is conducted entirely in the context of small-displacement elastic behaviour.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 19 (1980), S. 1705-1713 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Covalently closed circular DNA can exist in different configurations known as circular, toroidal, and interwound. Changes among these forms can be made in several ways, including the insertion of dye molecules between adjacent base pairs, which tends to untwist the double-helical structure. The aim of this paper is to discuss these configurations, and the changes among them, in the context of classical elastomechanics. The concepts of twisting, linkage and writhing are explained. Simple experiments on a twisted linear-elastic rod are described, and it is shown that although the circular and interwound forms may be modeled in this way, the toroidal form does not occur, being mechanically unstable. Theoretical energy calculations by Levitt on bent and twisted DNA show that DNA exhibits a particular kind of nonlinear elasticity in which there is an unusual coupling between bending and twisting. The aim of the paper is to show qualitatively that this special kind of elasticity can stabilize the toroidal form of closed circular DNA.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 35 (1992), S. 955-977 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This is the first paper of a pair which together discuss the development of a class of overlapping hinged bending finite elements which are suitable for the analysis of thin-shell, plate and beam structures. These elements rely on a simple physical analogy, involving overlapping hinged facets. They are based on quadratic overlapping assumed displacement functions. Only translational nodal degrees of freedom are necessary, which is a significant simplification over most other currently available beam, plate and shell finite elements which employ translational, rotational and higher-order nodal variables. In this paper the hinged bending element concept is introduced, and the hinged beam bending (HBB) and hinged plate bending (HPB) elements are formulated. In paper II these concepts are extended to develop a hinged shell bending (HSB) element. The HSB element can be readily combined with the constant strain triangular (CST) plane stress finite element for the modelling of thin-shell structures.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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