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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopic observations of synaptic endings in cultures of mammalian central nervous tissue (1964)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 63 (1964), S. 686-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Synapses were found in rat cerebellar and brainstem cultures with the electron microscope. Three distinct types of synaptic terminals were described. The similarity between synapses found in vitro and in vivo was emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339915
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmium tetroxide versus glutaraldehyde fixation in adrenomedullary tissue (1966)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 71 (1966), S. 261-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde fixation of adrenomedullary tissue presents evidence that these two fixatives preserve the tissue in quite different manners. Not only is the type of fixative of importance, but also the osmolarity of the fixatives is a prime factor in producing an accurate pictorial account of catecholamines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335751
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in the fine structure of cardiac muscle mitochondria induced by hyperthyroidismThis research is supported by NIH grants GM 00459 and NS 00690. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 539-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chronic hyperthyroidism was induced in radiothyroidectomized adult albino rats by feeding a diet of 0.3-0.4% desiccated thyroid for four to ten weeks. The left ventricle from control and hyperthyroid animals was examined with the electron microscope after perfusion fixation with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde and postfixation in 1% osmium tetroxide. No differences were discerned in the appearance of the Golgi zone, glycogen, lipid, lysosomes, sarcoplasmic reticulum, or the sarcomere ultrastructure of the ventricle from hyperthyroid animals compared with untreated animals. Changes were noted in the mitochondria. These included marked hypertrophy without increase in numbers and localized areas of vacuolization and disorientation of the cristae. Apparently these changes are reversible since the ventricular mitochondria of previously hyperthyroid animals allowed to return to a euthyroid state were indistinguishable from those seen in the control group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091780303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of hyperthyroidism on the fine structure of the zona fasciculata of the rat adrenal cortexThis research supported by NIH grants DHEW 5T01 GM 00459 and 2R01 NS 00690. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 174 (1972), S. 451-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chronic hyperthyroidism was induced in radiothyroidectomized and surgically thyroidectomized adult male rats by feeding a diet of 0.3-0.4% desiccated thyroid for four to ten week periods. Short term hyperthyroidism was induced in intact rats by the intraperitoneal injection of 250 μg/day of sodium levothyroxine for ten days. Adrenal glands were fixed by perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde and post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide. The zona fasciculata of the adrenal glands from experimental and control animals was examined in the electron microscope. Drastic mitochondrial alterations characterized the zona fasciculata of hyperthyroid rats. Initially, mitochondria became more nearly round and contained increased numbers of paracrystalline tubular inclusions of the type described by Kjaerheim ('67) and Wheatley ('68). In more altered states many mitochondria were filled with clusters of parallel tubular cristae of varying complexity which at times enveloped islands of mitochondrial matrix and fingers of cytoplasm which projected into the mitochondrion. Aggregations of numerous mitochondria occupied much of the cytoplasm of highly altered cells. Modifications of this nature have not been described following ACTH stimulation of the adrenal cortex. This raises the distinct possibility that thyroid effects on the adrenal cortex are not entirely ACTH mediated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091740405
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in the fine structure of hepatocytes in hyperthyroid ratsThis reserch is supported by NIH Grants NS 00690 and 5T01 GM 00459. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 181 (1975), S. 71-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ultrastructural investigation of liver from ten radiothyridectomized adult male albino rats, made hyperthyroid by administration of desiccated thyroid for eight to ten weeks, revealed changes in hepatic organelles, but no differences between centrilobular, midzonal and periportal hepatocytes of a single lobule. The mitochondria were enlarged with an increase in matrix density, but no increase in number of mitochondria or alterations in membranes or criste was observed. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum appeared slightly increased and dilated in treated rats, while stacked cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum were seldom seen. Large vacuoles, which often contained follicular material and frequently opened into the spaces of Disse, were observed at the periphery of hepatocytes. The vacuoles may arise from invaginations of the cell membrane along these spaces to increase the surface area and to act as channels for liver metabolites. Moreover, in hyperthyroid rats hepatic glycogen was uniformly depleted. Whether these changes were a primary effect of thyroid hormone or secondary to metabolic alterations is unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091810106
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the fine structure of propylthiouracil-induced “brown degeneration” in the zona reticularis of mouse adrenal cortexThis research was supported by NIH grants GM 00459 and NS 00690, and the Veterans Administration Hospital, Tampa, Florida. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 183 (1975), S. 293-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Propylthiouracil (6-propyl-2-thiouracil), an anti-thyroid agent, was fed to mice in a concentration equal to 0.1% of their diet for periods of 10 and 15 weeks. The cells of the inner zone of the adrenal cortex were examined with the electron microscope. In animals receiving propylthiouracil for ten weeks mitochondria were altered and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) showed a marked focal proliferation. In contrast to control animals rough endoplasmic reticulum was abundant and was frequently associated with the hyperplastic SER. After 15 weeks these alterations were no longer present but had been replaced by a spectrum of “brown degeneration.” The less affected cells were characterized by increased numbers of liposomes and lysosomes and the more affected cells by liposomal and mitochondrial degeneration. These observations emphasize that “brown degeneration” is a true degenerative process and not a spontaneous proliferation of ceroid pigment. It is suggested that the changes described may be directly related to an alteration in cholesterol metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091830206
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new fixation technique for the electron microscopic study of pulmonary surfactantThis research is supported by NIH grants GM 00456 and NS 00690. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 457-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Previously reported methods for the electron microscopic visualization of the surface layer (surfactant) of the alveolar lining cells have proved less than ideal and further development in this area is needed. Two percent agar in glutaraldehyde injected into the respiratory tree concurrently with vascular perfusion seems to offer some real advantage over techniques described by others. The combination of glutaraldehyde and agar acts both as an obstruction that holds surfactant against the alveolar surface and as a fixative due to the buffered glutaraldehyde component. This technique offers more consistent results and more extensive demonstration of the surfactant layer over the alveolar surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091800305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmium vapor fixation of pulmonary surfactant (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 203 (1982), S. 301-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electron microscopic techniques presently employed to preserve the alveolar lining layer are inadequate, and published reports have failed to demonstrate surfactant as a continuous layer over the alveolar surface. Osmium vapor insufflation into the airway combined with vascular perfusion preserves the alveolar lining layer (surfactant). In all the alveoli studied, the combination of airway and vascular fixation of the surfactant layer offers a visualization of surfactant as a continuous layer over the alveolar surface.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092030212
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The behavior of retinal tissue in vitro, light and electron microscopic observations (1967)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 80 (1967), S. 1-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Retinae from two day old rats were used in this study and the cultures were handled according to standard methods used in this laboratory. In the first few days of cultivation an abundant outgrowth of nerve fibers into the cell-free medium was observed. These fibers later degenerated and by the beginning of the second week they had completely disappeared. In the living cultures, differentiating ganglion cells, bipolar and horizontal neurons could be seen in the main explant in association with various types of glial cells. Rod cells became arranged as epithelial sheets or as clusters of cells which often formed rosettes. The nuclei of these sensory cells possessed a characteristic chromatin pattern by which they always could be differentiated from other cells in the cultures. Cytoplasmic extensions that developed from the free surface of the sensory rod cells were observed within a week following explantation. A “limiting membrane” separated these extensions from the nucleated part of the rod cells. Morphologic details of the different neuronal cell types could be demonstrated in cultures by Bodian's silver impregnation technique. With the electron microscope, retinal development in culture was observed and compared to the development of the retina of the intact eye. Cilia developed from processes extending from the rod cell free surface. These processes were the rod cell inner segments in which many mitochondria were seen. At the bases of these segments terminal bars developed forming the “outer limiting membrane”. In the area of the terminal bars microvillous extensions projected between the rod cell inner segments. After twelve days in vitro a bulb-like enlargement containing a lamellar membrane system developed at the end of the cilium. This bulb-like enlargement was a beginning of the rod cell outer segment. The lamellar system did not acquire the symmetry or precise organization during cultivation that was observed in the retina of the intact eye. The distinguishing characteristics of individual neuronal cell types seen in cultivated retinae were the same as those described for their counterparts in the retina in situ, but regular plexiform layers failed to develop. Likewise, there were no indications of typical synapses in the neuropils of the cultures. There were many processes containing vesicles similar to those in presynaptic endings and mitochondria but membrane thickenings were not apparent. The results indicate that the retina cultivated in vitro does not behave as an organized entity. The component cells dissociated more and more with time, and developmental differentiation was observed only at the cellular level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331473
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palate morphogenesis in mouse embryos after x-irradiationThis investigation was supported by research grant D-768 from the National Institute of Dental Research. (1963)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 145 (1963), S. 61-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The development of cleft palate after x-irradiation was studied in mice of the C57BL strain. Progress in palate development was evaluated with reference to chronological age, morphological rating and weight of the embryos. Movement of the palatine shelves from the sagittal to the horizontal plane was found to have been retarded by x-irradition. Measurements of head and palate did not show any consistent disproportionality of palate growth in the x-irradiated embryos except that which resulted from retardation of shelf movement.X-irradiation affected A/Jax strain litters more severely than C57BL strain litters according to cleft palate frequency and average palate stage at eighteen and one-third days postconception.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091450109
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