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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An experimental and theoretical approach for an estimation of ΔKth (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 23 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The existence of a fatigue threshold value may affect the design process when a damage-tolerant design is considered that uses non-destructive techniques for evaluating the shape and dimensions of the defects inside materials. Obviously it should be possible to estimate the stress field surrounding these defects and this is not generally a problem with modern numerical methods.Many factors are involved in determining the growth rate of a fatigue crack. Some of these are highly significant and it is possible to obtain the coefficients of a correlation function. Some others are not well defined and the only effect is to expand the scatter of experimental data.Consider the sigmoidal curve we obtain when plotting the crack growth rate versus the applied ΔKI . A very difficult parameter to measure but very useful for fatigue design is the ΔKIth value, because below this value a crack may be forming, hence, here ΔKIth is defined by the transition between a normal (e.g. 10−10 m/cycle) and a very low range of crack growth rate (〈10−10 m/cycle).The ΔKIth value is very difficult to obtain by experimental methods because the growth rate is of the order or less than the atomic lattice span (3 × 10−10 m/cycle), but we can correlate the transition value with the cyclic crack tip plastic zone size and other structural parameters of metallic materials.The aim of this work is to offer a contribution about the parameters which influence ΔKIth in stainless steels and welded joints based on the crack tip plastic zone radius.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2000.00314.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Abnormal breath tests to lactose, fructose and sorbitol in irritable bowel syndrome may be explained by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and sugar malabsorption (lactose, fructose, sorbitol) may play a role in irritable bowel syndrome. The lactulose breath test is a reliable and non-invasive test for the diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The lactose, fructose and sorbitol hydrogen breath tests are widely used to detect specific sugar malabsorption.Aim : To assess the extent to which small intestinal bacterial overgrowth may influence the results of hydrogen sugar breath tests in irritable bowel syndrome patients.Methods : We enrolled 98 consecutive irritable bowel syndrome patients. All subjects underwent hydrogen lactulose, lactose, fructose and sorbitol hydrogen breath tests. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth patients were treated with 1-week course of antibiotics. All tests were repeated 1 month after the end of therapy.Results : A positive lactulose breath test was found in 64 of 98 (65%) subjects; these small intestinal bacterial overgrowth patients showed a significantly higher prevalence of positivity to the lactose breath test (P 〈 0.05), fructose breath test (P 〈 0.01) and sorbitol breath test (P 〈 0.01) when compared with the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth-negatives. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth eradication, as confirmed by negative lactulose breath test, caused a significant reduction in lactose, fructose and sorbitol breath tests positivity (17% vs. 100%, 3% vs. 62%, and 10% vs. 71% respectively: P 〈 0.0001).Conclusions : In irritable bowel syndrome patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, sugar breath tests may be falsely abnormal. Eradication of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth normalizes sugar breath tests in the majority of patients. Testing for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth should be performed before other sugar breath tests tests to avoid sugar malabsorption misdiagnosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02493.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Efficacy of two one-week rabeprazole/levofloxacin-based triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: One-week low-dose proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies have usually proved to be effective treatments for Helicobacter pylori infection.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate the eradication efficacy, safety profile and patient compliance of two triple therapies containing a standard dose of rabeprazole and a new fluoroquinolone, levofloxacin.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:One hundred patients referred to us for gastroscopy, who were H. pylori-positive, were consecutively recruited in a prospective, open-label study. The enrolled patients were randomised to receive a seven-day course of rabeprazole 20 mg o.d. plus levofloxacin 500 mg o.d. and either amoxycillin 1 g b.d. (RLA group) or tinidazole 500 mg b.d. (RLT group). Their H. pylori status was assessed by means of histology and rapid urease test at entry, and by 13C-urea breath test 8 weeks after the end of treatment.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:All 100 enrolled patients completed the study. Forty-six of 50 patients treated with RLA (both PP and ITT analysis: 92%; 95% CI: 81–98%) and 45 of 50 with RLT (both PP and ITT analysis: 90%: 95% CI: 78–97%), became H. pylori-negative. Slight or mild side-effects occurred in 4 (8%) patients of the RLA group and in 5 (10%) of the RLT group.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:This study demonstrates the efficacy of two 1-week rabeprazole-based triple therapies including levofloxacin to eradicate H. pylori. These regimens prove to be safe, well-tolerated, and achieved good eradication rates. Levofloxacin may be an effective alternative to clarithromycin in triple therapy regimens.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00846.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Helicobacter pylori eradication using one-week low-dose lansoprazole plus amoxycillin and either clarithromycin or azithromycin (1996)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 10 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Aim: To evaluate and compare two 1-week low-dose triple therapies based on lansoprazole, amoxycillin and a macrolide in eradicating Helicobacter pylori. Methods: Seventy consecutive patients, suffering from dyspeptic symptoms with H. pylori infection, were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups: (A) (LAC; n=35) lansoprazole 30 mg once daily, amoxycillin 1000 mg b.d., clarithromycin 250 mg b.d., all for 7 days; and (B) (LAA; n=35) lansoprazole 30 mg once daily and amoxycillin 1000 mg b.d., both for 7 days, plus azithromycin 500 mg once daily for only 3 days. The H. pylori status was evaluated by means of histology and rapid urease test at entry and 8 weeks after treatment. Results: Three patients did not complete the treatment: one in the LAC group was withdrawn owing to severe side-effects; two patients in the LAA group stopped the treatment prematurely. H. pylori eradication was obtained in 28 of 34 (82%; 95% CI=66–93%) patients in the LAC group and in 20 of 33 (61%; 95% CI=42–77%) patients in the LAA group. The difference is significant (P〈0.029). On intention-to-treat analysis, the rates of eradication were (28 of 35 patients, 80% in the LAC group and 20 of 35 patients, 57% in the LAA group. Side-effects occurred in nine (26%) and six (18%) patients in the LAC and LAA groups, respectively. Conclusions: Low-dose lansoprazole plus amoxycillin and clarithromycin is more effective than low-dose lansoprazole plus amoxycillin and azithromycin, but it gave a greater incidence of side-effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.d01-533.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Moxifloxacin-based strategies for first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Standard anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy may not achieve a satisfactory eradication rate. Fluoroquinolones, such as moxifloxacin, are safe and promising agents for H. pylori eradication.Aim : To compare the efficacy of two 1-week moxifloxacin-based H. pylori eradication regimens with two standard treatments.Methods : Three hundred and twenty H. pylori-positive subjects were randomized into four groups to receive: moxifloxacin, amoxicillin, esomeprazole (Group MAE); moxifloxacin, tinidazole and esomeprazole (Group MTE); standard triple therapies with clarithromycin, amoxicillin and esomeprazole (Group CAE) or tinidazole (Group CTE) for 7 days. H. pylori status was re-assessed 6 weeks after the end of therapy by 13C urea breath test.Results : Three hundred and twenty patients completed the efficacy analysis per protocol; H. pylori eradication rate in group MTE was 90% (72 of 80) and 92% (72 of 78), in group MAE was 88% (70 of 80) and 89%, (70 of 79) in Group CAE was 73% (58 of 80) and 78% (58 of 74), and in Group CTE was 75% (60 of 80) and 79% (60 of 76), respectively, in intention-to-treat and in per protocol analyses. Eradication rates of moxifloxacin-based triple therapies were significantly higher than that observed using standard triple schemes. The incidence of side effects was significantly lower in moxifloxacin groups than in control groups.Conclusions : Seven-day moxifloxacin-based triple therapies provide optimal eradication rates with a good compliance when compared with the standard triple therapy schemes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02412.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rifaximin dose-finding study for the treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Few controlled studies assessing choice and duration of antibiotic therapy for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth are available.Aim : To assess efficacy, safety and tolerability of different doses of rifaximin, a broad spectrum non-absorbable antibiotic, for intestinal bacterial overgrowth eradication.Methods : We enrolled 90 consecutive patients affected by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth was based on the occurrence of a rise of H2 values 〉12 p.p.m. above the basal value after 50 g glucose ingestion. Patients were randomized in three 7-day treatment groups: rifaximin 600 mg/day (group 1); rifaximin 800 mg/day (group 2) and rifaximin 1200 mg/day (group 3). Glucose breath test was reassessed 1 month after the end of therapy. Compliance to the treatment and incidence of side-effects were also evaluated.Results : No drop-outs were observed in the three groups. Glucose breath test normalization rate was significantly higher in group 3 (60%) with respect to group 1 (17%; P 〈 0.001) and group 2 (27%, P 〈 0.01). No significant differences in patient compliance and incidence of side-effects were found among groups.Conclusions : Higher doses of rifaximin lead to a significant gain in terms of therapeutic efficacy in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth eradication without increasing the incidence of side-effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02516.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High efficacy of 1-week doxycycline- and amoxicillin-based quadruple regimen in a culture-guided, third-line treatment approach for 〈fr〉Helicobacter pylori〈/fr〉 infection (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Helicobacter pylori infection may persist after both first- and second-line current treatments.Aim : To assess the efficacy of a third-line, culture-guided treatment approach for the eradication of H. pylori.Methods : Patterns of resistance were analysed in H. pylori isolates from 94 consecutive patients in whom H. pylori infection had persisted after two eradication attempts. Using the epsilometer test, susceptibility analysis was performed for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline and levofloxacin. Patients were then treated with a culture-guided, third-line regimen: 89 patients with a 1-week quadruple regimen including omeprazole, bismuth, doxycycline and amoxicillin, and five patients with a 1-week triple regimen containing omeprazole, amoxicillin and levofloxacin or clarithromycin.Results : Ninety-four subjects (100%) were resistant to metronidazole, 89 (95%) to clarithromycin, 29 (31%) to levofloxacin and five (5%) to tetracycline. No resistance to amoxicillin was found in any patient. Overall, H. pylori eradication was obtained in 90% of subjects. The quadruple regimen was effective in 81 patients (92% by per protocol and 91% by intention-to-treat analysis). Four patients (80%, both per protocol and intention-to-treat analysis) were H. pylori-negative after the triple regimen.Conclusions : A culture-guided, third-line therapeutic approach is effective for the eradication of H. pylori. Furthermore, the 1-week doxycycline- and amoxicillin-based quadruple regimen is a good third-line ‘rescue’ treatment option.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01910.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A lyophilized and inactivated culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus increases Helicobacter pylori eradication rates (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Acid suppression plus two antibiotics is considered the reference anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment. Reported eradication rates are around 65–80%. Human Lactobacillus acidophilus shows an in vitro inhibitory effect on the attachment of H. pylori to gastric epithelial cell lines. Culture supernatant of this bacillus seems to decrease the in vitro viability of H. pylori.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To evaluate whether the supplementation with an inactivated preparation of L. acidophilus could improve the efficacy of a standard anti-H. pylori therapy.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:One-hundred and twenty H. pylori-positive patients were randomly assigned to a 7-day triple therapy based on rabeprazole (20 mg b.d.), clarithromycin (250 mg t.d.s.) and amoxicillin (500 mg t.d.s.) (RCA group: 60 subjects), or to the same regimen supplemented with a lyophilized and inactivated culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus (t.d.s.) (RCAL group: 60 subjects).〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:In the RCA group, eradication was successful in 72% (42 out of 58 patients) from a per protocol (PP) analysis, or 70% (42 out of 60 patients) using an intention-to treat (ITT) analysis. In the RCAL group a significant increase in the eradication rate was observed: 88% (52 out of 59 patients) from PP analysis (P=0.03), 87% (52 out of 60 patients) from ITT analysis (P=0.02).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:These results seem to confirm the in vitro anti-H. pylori effect of L. acidophilus, suggesting that the inactivated L. acidophilus could be effective in increasing eradication rates of a standard anti-H. pylori therapy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00885.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Levofloxacin-based triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy in second-line Helicobacter pylori treatment: a randomized trial (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Levofloxacin has been shown to be effective in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Two 10-day levofloxacin-based triple therapies were compared with standard 7- and 14-day quadruple regimens in second-line treatment.Methods : Two hundred and eighty consecutive patients who failed to respond to standard triple therapy (clarithromycin, amoxicillin, rabeprazole) were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) levofloxacin 500 mg o.d., amoxicillin 1 g b.d., rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. for 10 days (LAR, n = 70); (2) levofloxacin 500 mg o.d., tinidazole 500 mg b.d., rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. for 10 days (LTR, n = 70); (3) tetracycline 500 mg q.d.s., metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s., bismuth salt 120 mg q.d.s., rabeprazole 20 mg b.d. for 7 days (7TMBR, n = 70); and (4) for 14 days (14TMBR, n = 70). Helicobacter pylori status and side-effects were assessed 6 weeks after treatment.Results : The eradication rate was 94% in the LAR group and 90% in the LTR group in both intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses. Helicobacter pylori eradication was achieved in 63 and 69% of the 7TMBR group and in 69 and 80% of the 14TMBR group in intention-to-treat and per protocol analysis, respectively. Side-effects were significantly lower in the LAR and LTR groups than in the 14TMBR group.Conclusion : Ten-day levofloxacin-based therapies are better than standard quadruple regimens as second-line option for H. pylori eradication.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01676.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mono, dual and triple moxifloxacin-based therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Moxifloxacin is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone with single daily administration, currently used, above all, for respiratory tract infections.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To compare the efficacy of different 1-week moxifloxacin-based Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:One hundred and twenty H. pylori-positive subjects were randomized to receive moxifloxacin (400 mg/day), moxifloxacin (400 mg/day) and lansoprazole (30 mg/day) or moxifloxacin (400 mg/day), lansoprazole (30 mg/day) and clarithromycin (500 mg b.d.). H. pylori status was reassessed 6 weeks after the end of therapy, and both intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses were performed.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:One hundred and nineteen of the 120 patients completed the study. H. pylori eradication was achieved in 22.5% of patients treated with moxifloxacin, in 33.3% of subjects treated with moxifloxacin and lansoprazole and in 90% of patients treated with moxifloxacin, clarithromycin and lansoprazole.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Mono and dual moxifloxacin-based therapies are not acceptable for H. pylori eradication; conversely, moxifloxacin-based triple therapy may be considered as a new, effective, first-line therapy option.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01165.x
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