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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 609 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 16 (2000), S. 1111-1116 
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Childhood ALL ; Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas ; Space–time clustering ; Viral hypothesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The discussion concerning clusters of childhood leukaemia has mainly been focused on their relation to the time and place of diagnosis. Recently some studies have indicated clustering not only at diagnosis, but also around time and place of birth. Space–time clustering at time of birth could be of special interest if the aetiological agent is of infectious origin and the induction of leukaemia either occurs pre- or perinatally or an infection at that time favours a poor subsequent immune response to the agent. Methods: To identify possible space–time clustering we have used the close-pair method of Knox. One-thousand-twenty recorded cases (0–14 years) of childhood acute lymphatic leukaemia and 293 cases (0–14 years) of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from Sweden between 1973–1996 were analysed. The records include date of birth and of diagnosis as well as addresses at birth and at diagnosis. Results: A significant excess of case-pairs (25 observed, 14.9 expected, p = 0.01) was observed close in date and place of birth in the 4–14 year age group with acute lymphatic leukaemia (ALL). However there was no statistically significant clustering found around time of diagnosis. When the cases of leukaemia and the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were combined no statistically significant clustering was obtained neither at birth nor at diagnosis. Conclusions: This study strengthens the evidence of space–time clustering around the birth date in children whom later developed ALL. This observation is in support of the hypothesis that pre- or perinatal infections can induce a process leading to ALL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: p53 protein ; DNA ploidy ; Colorectal cancer ; Immunohistochemistry ; Flow cytometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract p53 expression, DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction were analysed retrospectively in colorectal adenocarcinomas from 293 patients in whom the long-term outcome was known. The frequency of nuclear p53 staining was increased in non-diploid tumours (42%) when compared with diploid tumours (33%). Cytoplasmic p53 positive tumours were more common in the proximal colon (32%) than in the distal sites (21%). In univariate survival analysis, nuclear p53 and cytoplasmic staining were significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with Dukes' A-C tumours. The patients showing both nuclear and cytoplasmic p53 staining had the poorest survival and the patients with tumours negative in both the nucleus and cytoplasm showed the best prognosis. The patients with tumours positive in the nucleus alone or in the cytoplasm alone presented an intermediate survival. In multivariate survival analyses, nuclear p53 expression, cytoplasmic p53 expression and DNA ploidy were prognostic indicators independent of Dukes' stage and each other. Further analysis suggested that the prognostic importance of cytoplasmic p53 expression was greater in diploid than in non-diploid tumours. We conclude that nuclear p53 expression, cytoplasmic p53 expression and DNA ploidy provide important prognostic information in colorectal adenocarcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La valeur pronostique du taux de l'A.D.N. des cellules tumorales thyroidiennes ainsi que d'autres facteurs de pronostic pré et post-opératoires (classification TNM pré et post-opératoire, taille de la tumeur, envahissement tumoral des bords du spécimen réséqué, âge du malade, traitement appliqué) ont été étudiés chez 182 malades atteints soit de cancer papillaire, folliculaire ou médullaire soit d'adénome folliculaire. Cinquante et un des mala-des sont décédés mais 131 sont vivants 10 ans aprés le diagnostic. La corrélation la plus précise entre la durée de la survie et le contenu en ADN de la cellule tumorale concerne d'abord le groupe des cancers papillaires et ensuite successivement le groupe des cancers folliculaires et le groupe des cancers médullaires. En cas de cancer papillaire le contenu en ADN a une valeur pronostique équivalente ou supérieure à celle de tous les autres facteurs de pronostic réunis. Dans les 3 types de cancer lorsque le taux d'ADN est ajouté à tous les autres facteurs de pronostic pré et postopératoires la valeur du pronostic est augmentée statistiquement de manière significative.
    Abstract: Resumen El valor pronóstico del contenido nuclear de DNA de las células tumorales y de varios factures pre- y postoperatorios de pronóstico (estadificación TNM pre- y postoperatoria, tamaño del tumor, márgenes de resección afectados por edad y forma de tratamiento) fueron evaluados mediante correlaciones bivariadas y análisis de regresión linear mÚltiple en 182 pacientes con carcinoma tiroideo de tipo papilar, folicular o medular, o adenoma folicular. Cincuenta y uno pacientes murieron como consecuencia de la enfermedad y 131 pacientes presentaban supervivencia de por lo menos 10 años después de efectuado el diagnóstico. La mayor correlación entre el contenido nuclear de DNA y la supervivencia fue obtenida en el grupo con carcinoma papilar y medular. El contenido nuclear de DNA por sí presentó una capacidad de predicción equivalente, y, en el grupo con carcinoma papilar, significativamente mayor, a la que se obtiene de todos los otros factures de pronóstico combinados. Al añadir el contenido nuclear de DNA a todos los otros factures de pronóstico, se obtiene un incremento significativo del valor pronóstico tanto precomo postoperatorio en las 3 clases de carcinoma tiroideo. En nuestra opinión, las determinaciones de contenido nuclear de DNA en frotis o en secciones histológicas, procedimiento que debe ser factible en un hospital general, deben ser realizadas en todo paciente con carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides.
    Notes: Abstract The prognostic value of tumor cell nuclear DNA content and various pre- and postoperative prognostic factors (pre- and postoperative TNM, tumor size, resection margins involved by tumor, age, and treatment) have been evaluated by means of bivariate correlations and multiple linear regression analyses in 182 patients with either papillary, follicular, or medullary thyroid carcinomas, or follicular adenomas. Fifty-one patients died of diseases and 131 patients were alive at least 10 years after diagnosis. The strongest correlation between tumor cell nuclear DNA content and survival was obtained in the group with papillary carcinoma, followed by follicular and medullary carcinoma. Nuclear DNA content alone had a predictive power equivalent to and, in papillary carcinoma, significantly greater than, that of all other prognostic factors combined. When DNA was added to all other prognostic factors, a statistically significant increase of the prognostic value in the present 3 kinds of thyroid carcinomas, both pre- and postoperatively, was obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; DNA ploidy ; estrogen receptor ; prognosis ; microspectrophotometry ; nodal status ; tumor size
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The prognostic value of nuclear DNA distribution pattern in relation to tumor size, axillary lymph node status, and estrogen receptor (ER) content was studied in 464 patients with primary, operable mammary adenocarcinoma. The median follow-up time was 3 1/2 years. Slide cytophotometric DNA analysis was performed on morphologically identified Feulgen-stained tumor cells. The tumors were classified into four subgroups according to their DNA histogram type. DNA content was significantly related to tumor size and ER level but not to nodal status. When all variables were stimultaneously introduced into Cox's proportional hazards model, tumor size, nodal status, and DNA profile remained as significant predictors of recurrence. Restricting the analysis to node-negative patients, both DNA profile and tumor size showed a significant prognostic value. DNA did not contribute significant prognostic information in node-positive patients. However, the trends in recurrence-free survival were similar to those in the node-negative subgroup: patients with aneuploid tumors tended to fare worse than those with euploid carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; recurrence ; prognosis ; post-recurrence survival ; metastasis ; S-phase ; mammography screening ; static cytofluorometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using static cytofluorometry, S-phase was determined on the primary tumors of 421 patients with breast carcinomas in stages I–III diagnosed 1981–85 during the second and third screening rounds of a randomized trial evaluating the effect of mammographic screening. Through December 1988, 82 patients had developed local and/or distant recurrence, 51 of whom had died of cancer during the same period. The distribution among sites of recurrence differed between patients with tumors detected by mammography screening and cancers diagnosed due to clinical symptoms. The mean S-phase fraction was highest in patients with liver or brain metastases and lowest in patients with metastases in subcutaneous and cutaneous tissue and lymph nodes only. In univariate analysis, survival after first recurrence was significantly associated with the site of primary recurrence, the disease-free interval, and node status and tumor size at diagnosis, as well as the S-phase level. The median survival period was 31.3. months for patients with a S-phase fraction below 6%, and 10.7 months in cases with S-phase exceeding 10%. Neither ploidy nor the estrogen receptor content had significant influence on post-recurrence survival. In Cox's multiple regression analysis, only metastatic site, disease-free interval, and S-phase fraction showed significantly independent prognostic value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; CAM 5.2 antibody ; cytokeratin ; flow cytometry ; prognosis ; S-phase fraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Estimation of S-phase fraction in breast carcinomas with single parameter flow cytometry may include errors due to dilution of cancer cells by host cells. Use of tissue specific markers may to some extent correct for the effect of dilution. S-phase fraction was estimated by flow cytometry with and without immunoselection in 80 DNA-euploid breast carcinomas in stage I-II. The tumor tissue was mechanically disintegrated and fixed in ethanol. A primary antibody, specific for cytokeratins 8 and 18, was added before incubation with the secondary FITC-conjugated antibody. S-phase fraction was calculated for both the gated (cytokeratin-positive) and the ungated cell population. An increasing proportion of tetraploid cells compared to diploid cells was found when the immunoselection method was used. The gated population tended to have a higher S-phase fraction than the ungated population. In univariate analysis S-phase fraction estimated from both ungated and gated cell populations yielded significant information for predicting recurrence when stratified for tumor size and nodal status. In bivariate analysis S-phase fraction of the gated population contributed prognostic information in addition to S-phase fraction of the ungated population when both variables were included in the analysis. Our conclusion is that S-phase fraction calculated from cytokeratin-positive cells provides prognostic information in addition to ungated S-phase values in DNA euploid breast carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: astrocytomas ; flow cytometry ; reoperation ; ploidy ; S-phase ; histopathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-two patients with recurrent astrocytic tumors were treated surgically two or even three times. At the time of the first surgery 6 tumors were fibrillary astrocytomas (grade II), 9 anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III) and 7 glioblastomas (grade IV). Histopathological specimens from second surgery demonstrated in 12 cases signs of higher grades of malignancy. Flow cytometry (FCM) did not reveal any significant changes of S-phase fraction (p = 0.55). This study supports the theory that, given enough time, the histopathology of brain tumors change significantly from more benign forms to more malignant ones. The flow cytometry (FCM) could trace a weak tendency to higher S-phase fractions at the time of the second surgery. No apparent change of ploidy pattern was observed. In spite of the unequivocal histopathological changes of the recurrent astrocytomas the flow cytometry failed to indicate similar changes in terms of ploidy and S-phase fraction parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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