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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urapidil permeates the intact blood-brain barrier (1994)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 20 (1994), S. 278-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Blood brain barrier ; Urapidil ; Serotonin-(5HT1A) ; Receptors ; Cerebrospinal fluid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To determine the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of urapidil after i.v. administration and the effect on CSF serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations. Design Open, single-dose study. Setting Post-surgery following neurosurgical removal of the hypophysis (n=5) or aneurysm clipping (n=1). Patients 6 patients, aged 32–71 years, with intact bloodbrain barrier (BBB); 1 patient was studied twice. Interventions Single dose of 25 mg urapidil i.v. as prophylaxis of BP increase during extubation or as treatment of hypertensive episodes. Measurements and results Urapidil, serotonin and 5-HIAA were measured by HPLC in CSF during 8 h after urapidil administration. Urapidil was detected in CSF as soon as 5 min after injection in 3 patients. The concentration ratio of plasma/CSF after the distribution phase was about 5∶1. No significant effect on serotonin and 5-HIAA in CSF was seen. Conclusion After administration of a therapeutic dose, urapidil permeates the BBB and may interact with central 5-HT1A-receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01708965
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A numerical green's function approach for boundary elements applied to fracture mechanics (1995)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 38 (1995), S. 3259-3274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: boundary elements ; fracture mechanics ; Green's functions ; hyper-singular formulations ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The most accurate boundary element formulation to deal with fracture mechanics problems is obtained with the implementation of the associated Green's function acting as the fundamental solution. Consequently, the range of applications of this formulation is dependent on the availability of the appropriate Green's function for actual crack geometry. Analytical Green's functions have been presented for a few single crack configurations in 2-D applications and require complex variable theory. This work extends the applicability of the formulation through the introduction of efficient numerical means of computing the Green's function components for single or multiple crack problems, of general geometry, including the implementation to 3-D problems as a future development. Also, the approach uses real variables only and well-established boundary integral equations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620381906
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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