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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Promoter Region of the Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthetase III Gene of Squalus acanthias (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 43 (1996), S. 602-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words:Squalus acanthias— Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase — Promoter —Rana catesbeiana— TATA box — TACAAA — C/EBP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase III (CPSase III) of Squalus acanthias (spiny dogfish) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes glutamine-dependent formation of carbamoyl phosphate for urea synthesis. In this paper we report the results of cloning a 10-kb segment of genomic DNA which includes the region flanking the 5′ end of the spiny dogfish CPSase III gene. A total of 1,295 base pairs of sequence straddling the start codon was obtained. Primer extension experiments revealed that the transcription start site is the G located 114 residues upstream of the translation start codon ATG. The first exon has 240 base pairs, including the 5′ untranslated region, the coding sequence for the signal peptide (38 amino acids), and the four N-terminal amino acids of the mature enzyme. The boundary of the first exon and the first intron of the CPSase III gene is concordant with that of rat and frog (Rana catesbeiana) CPSase I, which have been suggested to have evolved from CPSase III. The putative TATA box sequence, TACAAA, is located at position −31 with an uncommonly found C at the third position. Two C/EBP binding site sequences, ATTCTGCAAG (−405 to −397) and GTGCAGTAAG (−168 to −160), were identified in the promoter region, which suggests that spiny dogfish CPSase III might be subjected to transactivation of transcription by C/EBP-related proteins, as has been reported for rat CPSase I. The preparation and binding of a recombinant RcC/EBP-1 protein (the R. catesbeiana homolog of the mammalian C/EBPα) to the two spiny dogfish C/EBP binding sequences are described. Two putative heat-shock binding elements were also identified in the promoter region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02202108
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The promoter region of the carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase III gene ofSqualus acanthias (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 43 (1996), S. 602-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Squalus acanthias ; Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase ; Promoter ; Rana catesbeiana ; TATA box ; TACAAA ; C/EBP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase III (CPSase III) ofSqualus acanthias (spiny dogfish) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes glutamine-dependent formation of carbamoyl phosphate for urea synthesis. In this paper we report the results of cloning a 10-kb segment of genomic DNA which includes the region flanking the 5′ end of the spiny dogfish CPSase III gene. A total of 1,295 base pairs of sequence straddling the start codon was obtained. Primer extension experiments revealed that the transcription start site is the G located 114 residues upstream of the translation start codon ATG. The first exon has 240 base pairs, including the 5′ untranslated region, the coding sequence for the signal peptide (38 amino acids), and the four N-terminal amino acids of the mature enzyme. The boundary of the first exon and the first intron of the CPSase III gene is concordant with that of rat and frog (Rana catesbeiana) CPSase I, which have been suggested to have evolved from CPSase III. The putative TATA box sequence, TACAAA, is located at position −31 with an uncommonly found C at the third position. Two C/EBP binding site sequences, ATTCTGCAAG (−405 to −397) and GTGCAGTAAG (−168 to −160), were identified in the promoter region, which suggests that spiny dogfish CPSase III might be subjected to transactivation of transcription by C/EBP-related proteins, as has been reported for rat CPSase I. The preparation and binding of a recombinant RcC/EBP-1 protein (theR. catesbeiana homolog of the mammalian C/EBPα) to the two spiny dogfish C/EBP binding sequences are described. Two putative heatshock binding elements were also identified in the promoter region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02202108
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thyroid hormone induces a reprogramming of gene expression in the liver of premetamorphic Rana catesbeiana tadpoles (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
    Wound repair and regeneration 6 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During spontaneous or thyroid hormone-induced metamorphosis of the Rana catesbeiana tadpole, postembryonic changes occur in its liver that are permanent and necessary for the transition of this organism from an aquatic, ammonotelic larva to a semiterrestrial, ureotelic adult. These changes include the coordinated expression of genes encoding the urea cycle enzymes carbamyl phosphate synthetase and ornithine transcarbamylase. Although these changes are dependent on thyroid hormone and occur within the resident hepatocytes, the mechanism(s) by which this hormone reprograms gene expression in these cells and initiates the tissue-specific expression of these genes is poorly understood. Our contention is that the thyroid hormone—induced expression of these genes is an indirect effect of thyroid hormone and involves an early, thyroid hormone-induced upregulation of a gene(s) encoding a tissue-specific transcription factor(s), which in turn, upregulates in a coordinated fashion, the expression of these urea cycle enzyme genes. Herein, we present results that demonstrate a role for a Rana homologue of a mammalian transcription factor, C/EBPα (designated as RcC/EBP-1), in the thyroid hormone-induced cascade of gene activity responsible for reprogramming gene expression and initiating the coordinated expression of genes, such as carbamyl phosphate synthetase-I and ornithine transcarbamylase, which are characteristic of the adult liver phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1998.60408.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiomyocyte-restricted peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ deletion perturbs myocardial fatty acid oxidation and leads to cardiomyopathy (2004)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 10 (2004), S. 1245-1250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a primary energy source for meeting the heart's energy requirements. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPAR-δ) may have important roles in FAO. But it remains unclear whether PPAR-δ is required for maintaining basal myocardial FAO. We show ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1116
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of renin-angiotensin system and extracellular matrix genes in cardiovascular cells and its regulation through AT1 receptor (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 212 (2000), S. 203-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: angiotensinogen ; fibronectin ; gene expression ; transcriptional regulation ; cardiomyocytes ; vascular smooth muscle cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Angiotensinogen (AGT) is a unique substrate of the renin-angiotensin system and fibronectin (FN) is an important component of the extracellular matrix. These play critical roles in the pathophysiological changes including cardiovascular remodeling and hypertrophy in response to hypertension. This study was performed to examine the regulation of AGT and FN gene in cardiac myocytes (CMs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in response to mechanical stretch. Mechanical stretch significantly increased the AGT mRNA expression in CMs, while these stimuli did not affect FN mRNA levels. On the other hand, Mechanical stretch upregulated FN mRNA levels in VSMCs, whereas no increase in AGT mRNA levels was observed in response to stretch stimuli. An angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist (CV11974) significantly decreased these stretch-mediated increases in mRNA level and promoter activity of the AGT and FN gene, whereas angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor antagonist (PD123319) did not affect the induction. These results indicate that mechanical stretch activates transcription of the AGT and FN gene mainly via AT1 receptor-pathway in CMs and VSMCs. Furthermore, mechanisms regulating AGT and FN gene seem to be different between CMs and VSMCs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007141912654
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ekeland's variational principle and Caristi's fixed point theorem in probabilistic metric space (1991)
    Springer
    Acta mathematicae applicatae sinica 7 (1991), S. 217-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-3932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to establish the Ekeland's variational principle and Caristi's fixed point theorem in probabilistic metric spaces and to give a direct simple proof of the equivalence between these two theorems in the probabilistic metric space. The results presented in this paper generalize the corresponding results of [9–12].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02005971
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and expression of C/EBP-like genes in the liver of Rana catesbeiana tadpoles during spontaneous and thyroid hormone-induced metamorphosis (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 15 (1994), S. 366-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: C/EBP ; thyroid hormone ; metamorphosis ; gene expression ; Rana cafesbeiana ; bZlP proteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Tissue-specific changes in gene expression occur in the liver of Rana cafesbeiana tadpoles undergoing metamorphosis. Many of these changes can be induced precociously by administration of thyroid hormone (TH) to a tadpole or to cultured tadpole liver. While the precise molecular means by which TH exerts a tissue-specific response is unknown, recent studies suggest that the expression of genes which are liver-specific and characteristic of the adult liver phenotype may rely on TH-induction of tissue-specific transcription factors, as well as the thyroid hormone receptor proteins. Guided by this notion, we screened our Rana catesbeiana liver cDNA library and isolated clones, RcC/EBP-1 and -2, encoding Rana homologues of a mammalian transcription factor, C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancer core binding protein), implicated in the expression of liver-specific genes and terminal differentiation of hepatocytes. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that the proteins synthesized from these cDNAs bind specifically to the consensus binding site for C/EBP-related proteins. Characterization of the amino acid sequence in the bZlP DNA-binding domains of these proteins suggests that RcC/EBP-1 and -2 encode Rana homologues of C/EBPα and δ, respectively. Hybridization analyses demonstrate that the amount of RcC/EBP-2 mRNAs in tadpole liver remains constant throughout metamorphosis, whereas RcC/EBP-1 mRNAs are up-regulated during both spontaneous and TH-induced metamorphosis. The TH-induced up-regulation of RcC/ EBP-1 mRNAs precedes the up-regulation of liver-specific urea cycle enzyme mRNAs by 6 to 12 hours. These results, coupled with in situ hybridization studies, suggest that RcC/EBP-1 mRNAs encode a transcription factor which may play an early role(s) in the terminal differentiation and/or reprogramming of gene expression in this tadpole's liver cells during both spontaneous and TH-induced metamorphosis. ©1994 WiIey-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020150408
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