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  • 1
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background. Both Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and various stresses are known to induce peptic ulcer disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract. However, the pathogenetic relationship between the two factors has not yet been clarified. We conducted a case-control study to examine whether H. pylori infection played a role in the development of gastric ulcer (GU) induced by life-event stresses that were experienced after the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake.Materials and Methods. Serum samples from patients in the devastated area who developed GUs during the 2 months following the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake and those from GU patients in the same area during the corresponding period of the previous year, and from gender-, age- and institute-matched ulcer-free controls were tested for the presence of the H. pylori IgG antibody.Results. A significant association between H. pylori infection and the development of GU in uninjured patients was observed in all sets [matched odds ratio (OR) = 3.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.95–5.35]. Moreover, the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients who developed GUs after the earthquake was not different from that for GU patients in the previous year. In contrast, there was no association between H. pylori infection and the development of GU in the physically injured patients after the earthquake.Conclusions. H. pylori infection may play an important role in the development of GUs that are induced by emotional life-event stresses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with chronic infiltration into the stomach by T cells and plasma cells producing IFN-γ and antibodies of various specificities, respectively. It is unknown whether these lymphocyte-products may play coordinated roles in the gastric pathology of this infection.Aims. To know how IFN-γ may relate to anti-H. pylori antibodies in their roles in pathogenesis, we determined the isotype subclass of those antibodies as well as their cross-reactivity and cytotoxicity to gastric epithelium.Methods and Results. We infected BALB/c mice with H. pylori (SS1, Sydney Strain 1) and generated monoclonal antibodies, which were comprised of 240 independent clones secreting immunoglobulin and included 80 clones reactive to SS1. Ninety percent of the SS1-reactive clones had IgG2a isotype. Two clones, 2B10 and 1A9, were cross reactive to cell surface antigens in H. pylori and to antigens of 28 KDa and 42 KDa, respectively, which were present on the cell surface of and shared by both mouse and human gastric epithelial cells. The antigens recognized by these monoclonal antibodies localized a distinctive area in the gastric glands. In the presence of complement, 2B10 showed cytotoxicity to gastric epithelial cells. The effect was dose dependant and augmented by IFN-γ. Finally, administration of 2B10 to mice with SS1 infection aggravated gastritis by increasing cellular infiltration.Conclusion. IFN-γ by gastric T cells may participate in pathogenesis of the H. pylori infected stomach by directing an isotype-switch of anti-H. pylori antibodies to complement-binding subclass and by augmenting cytotoxic activity of a certain autoantibody. This may explain a host-dependent diversity in gastric pathology of the patients with H. pylori infection.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: [Auszug] Preparation of specific lineages at high purities from embryonic stem (ES) cells requires both selective culture conditions and markers to guide and monitor the differentiation. In this study, we distinguished definitive and visceral endoderm by using a mouse ES cell line that bears the gfp and ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: [Auszug] Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. Here we show that infection of gastric epithelial cells with 'cag' pathogenicity island (cagPAI)-positive H. pylori induced aberrant expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 396-401 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Colorectal carcinoma ; Cathepsin D ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: Although it has been suggested that cathepsin D, a lysosomal protease, is involved in tumor invasion and metastasis in human colorectal cancers, conflicting studies have also been reported recently. In addition, this issue has been only rarely studied in human colorectal tumors by use of immunohistochemical methods. The aim of the study presented here was to clarify not only the correlation between cathepsin D expression and tumor invasion or metastasis but also the correlation between the intracellular immunostaining pattern of cathepsin D and tumor invasion and metastasis in human colorectal tumors. METHODS: Thirty-four primary colorectal adenocarcinomas and 24 adenomas were immunostained by use of an anticathepsin D antibody. Both the incidence and the immunostaining patterns of cathepsin D were investigated in all tissue samples. RESULTS: Three different immunostaining patterns,i.e., supranuclear, basal, and diffuse, were observed in samples containing cathepsin D. Although the incidence of cathepsin D-positive carcinomas was not correlated with tumor progression, invasion, or metastasis, the immunostaining pattern was significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that abnormal cathepsin D immunostaining patterns (basal or diffuse) can be used to predict a potential for lymphatic invasion in colorectal carcinoma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Hypergastrinemia ; Carcinoid tumor ; Prognosis ; Autoimmune gastritis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Gastric carcinoid tumors associated with chronic atrophic gastritis type A have been reported to show good prognosis, because invasion and metastasis are rare. We report a case of gastric carcinoid tumor associated with hypergastrinemia that showed no malignant changes for 12 years. A 15-year-old man with abdominal discomfort underwent endoscopic examination. A polypoid lesion was detected on the atrophic mucosa of the fundus, and was diagnosed as a carcinoid tumor. Serological examination revealed a high level of anti-parietal-cell antibody, suggesting that the patient had chronic atrophic gastritis type A. The tumor was treated by endoscopic mucosal resection. Follow-up examinations were performed for 12 years, but showed no recurrence. This case confirms that gastric carcinoid tumors associated with chronic atrophic gastritis type A may have a good prognosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Schlagwort(e): pancreas transplantation ; somatostatin ; glucagon ; insulin ; pancreatic perfusion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Using the whole pancreas transplantation model, we investigated the endocrine function of the isografted pancreatic A, B and D cells. The release of insulin, glucagon and somatostatin by the pancreatic grafts were examined and compared with those in normal rats with or without syngenic pancreas transplanation, usingin vivo andin vitro systems. These studies demonstrate that the grafted pancreas maintained normal insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion after transplanation. This pancreatic graft may serve as a suitable experimental model for the studies on therapy for diabetes millitus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Schlagwort(e): Mastomys natalensis ; gastrin receptor ; histidine decarboxylase ; H+ ; K+-ATPase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Although gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) carcinoid tumors are known to develop in patients with long-standing hypergastrinemia, the expression of the gastrin receptor gene in ECL cells has not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, this study was designed to examine gastrin receptor gene expression in ECL cells.Mastomys gastric mucosal cells isolated by enzyme dispersion were separated into 10 fractions (F1–10) by centrifugal elutriation. Each fraction was examined histologically to determine whether they contained ECL and/or parietal cells and Northern blot analysis was used to confirm the presence of histidine decarboxylase and H+, K+-ATPase gene expression. ECL cells were found only in fractions 1 and 2, whereas parietal cells were detected in fractions 6–10. Gastrin receptor gene expression was demonstrated in both parietal cell-rich and ECL cell-rich fractions. In addition, the gastrin receptor cDNA sequences obtained from the two of the fractions (F1 and 8) were identical. These results suggest that gastrin receptor genes are expressed in ECL cells as well as in parietal cells and that these receptors are identical.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Schlagwort(e): p53 gene ; mutation ; colorectal tumor ; temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Reports of cases of flat-type colorectal tumors are increasing in Japan, but almost nothing has been elucidated about the genetic abnormalities of these tumors. In this study, we have examined p53 mutations in six cases of colon cancer cell lines, 22 cases of flat-type colorectal tumors, and 27 cases of polypoid-type colorectal tumors using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE); the latter has recently been developed as a screening method for gene mutations. p53 mutations were observed in four colon cancer cell lines, six flat-type colorectal tumors, and three polypoid-type colorectal tumors, all of which were analyzed by direct sequencing. These mutations were observed only in adenomas with high-grade dysplasia and in colorectal cancers but not in adenomas with low-grade dysplasia. These observations suggest that p53 gene mutations are involved in flat-type as well as polypoid-type colorectal tumors at relatively later stages of carcinogenesis and that TGGE seems to be useful as one of the rapid screening methods.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Schlagwort(e): GASTRIC CARCINOMA CELL LINES ; C-KIT ; STEM CELL FACTOR ; ECC12 CELL LINE ; GCIY CELL LINE
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We examined 13 human gastric carcinoma celllines for the expression of both c-kit and stem cellfactor (SCF). Expression of mRNAs was detected by bothNorthern blot analysis and reversetranscriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and expression oftranslated proteins was detected by western blotting.Using RT-PCR we confirmed the expression of c-kit infive (ECC12, TMK1, MKN7, GCIY, and HGC27) cell lines. Northern blot analysis showed coexpression ofboth c-kit and SCF in ECC12 and expression of SCF infive other (MKN74, MKN1 OKAJIMA, KATOIII, and TMK1) celllines. SCF stimulated both tyrosine phosphorylation of c-kit and growth of ECC12, whereas it didnot stimulate those of GCIY. The sizes of c-kittranscript and protein in GCIY were slightly smallerthan those of the reported ones, suggesting the presence of a biologically inactive truncated form ofc-kit in GCIY. The present study suggests that c-kit/SCFsystem might play an important role in thecarcinogenesis and tumor growth of ECC12 and that thetruncated form of c-kit in GCIY might not be associatedwith malignant transformation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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