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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fracture from artificial spherical pores, as well as natural defects, in alumina in a grain-size range of 0.8-9.2 µm has been studied experimentally and compared with a fracture-mechanics model. Results from fracture-strength measurements have been combined with detailed fractographic analysis to elucidate the ensuing crack instability. Two existing models of possible crack configurations have been extended and contrasted. The semicircular crack as well as the circumferential crack both are described as flaws in the stress-concentrating field of a spherical pore. Surface correction terms afforded by the presence of the pore have been incorporated. A comparative computation shows that fracture occurs more likely from the semicircular crack configuration than the circumferential crack configuration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An earlier paper co-authored by the present author contains a major assumption in the analytical method that may not be valid in a general class of structural ceramics. A more-rigorous mathematical analysis without this assumption has been performed, and the closed-form solutions of the description of the asymmetric power-law creep behavior are presented. The results presented here should be regarded as further improvements to the original paper, because they are applicable to a more-general case without such an assumption. Using the two loading cases as a numerical example, the present solutions indicate that, in the case of SiAlON ceramics, the original predictions on the stress exponents are still valid. However, the predictions on the pre-exponent constants differ from one to three orders of magnitude, because of error propagation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 165-175 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Power-law creep parameters of brittle ceramic materials are commonly deduced from load-point displacement data generated by four-point bend experiments, under the assumption that tensile and compressive behaviours obey the same constitutive law. However, because of microcracking and cavitation, it is now well recognized that this premise may not always be valid. The present paper presents an analysis which takes the differences into account. Governing equations are first derived for the location of the neutral axis of a beam under bending which does not in general pass through the centroid of the cross-section, and for the creep response in terms of both curvature rate and load-point displacement rate as functions of the applied moment and power-law creep parameters. Numerical solutions are obtained for any given set of material constants over a wide range of applied moments. It is shown from the plots of creep response against applied moment on a logarithmic scale that even linear curves over a narrow range of applied moment do not necessarily imply identical stress exponents, and that non-linear curves concave upward signify a profound difference in stress exponent between tension and compression. An example is given of applying the present analysis to a set of load-point displacement data on glass-alumina beam specimens crept at 1100° C. The results show that the conventional method over/underestimates the creep rates in compression/tension by two orders of magnitude, indicating a need for using the more accurate analysis presented here. Several recommendations are offered to improve the estimation of power-law creep parameters from bend test data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 23 (1983), S. 229-242 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Par une approche de thermodynamique irréversible, on a dérivé une expression générale de la vitesse de relaxation de l'énergie (G) au cours d'une propagation de fissure en régime stable occasionné par diffusion. Trois composantes de G ont été identifiées: l'énergie de Griffith G Gr, la chaleur produite au cours du processus de diffusion en surface et la diffusion aux frontières des grains. En outre, on montre que G est en relation directe avec l'intégrale J bien connue s'il est formulé dans le contexte de l'élasticité à déformations finies. Cette expression de G est d'application générale, même si la réponse du matériau n'est past linéaire, et si la cinétique de transfert de masses ne suit pas la loi de Fick. On a procédé à des évaluations quantitatives de chacune des composantes citées, dans un cas linéaire ou l'on maîtrise les conditions de champ. Les résultats montrent que la chaleur dégagée est de l'ordre de grandeur de GGr et est indépendante de la vitesse V de la fissure. Par contre, la diffusion aux frontières des grains croit avec G à partir de 0,85 GGr correspondant à une valeur de seuil pour V. L'influence de l'énergie de déformation locale sur la diffusion de matière est négligeable, ce qui conduit à 242-1. Cela signifie que G n'est pas associé en priorité avec la relaxation de l'énergie de déformation à l'extrémité de la fissure, mais qu'il provient plutôt du travail (négatif, converti en chaleur) effectué par les contraintes normales, qui se traduit par un épaississement des frontières de grain en raison des dépôts non uniformes de matière le long de celle-ci.
    Notes: Abstract A general expression for the energy release rate (G) that arises during steady state crack propagation by diffusion is derived from the standpoint of irreversible thermodynamics. Three contributing components of G are identified: (i) the Griffith energy (G Gr); (ii) heat generated in the process of surface diffution; and (iii) grain-boundary diffusion. Further, the total G is shown to be directly related to the well-known J-integral if formulated in the framework of finite deformation elasticity. This expression for G is valid in general even if the response of the material is not linear and the mass transport kinetics does not follow Fick's law. Quantitative evaluations of each component are made for the linear case where field solutions are available. The results show that component (ii) is approximately equal to G Gr and is independent of the crack velocity (v) whereas component (iii) is a monotonically increasing function with G starting from 0.85 G Gr when v is at threshold value; and that the local strain energy influence on matter diffusion is negligible leading to 229-1. This means that G is not primarily associated with the release of the strain energy at the crack tip but rather, it stems mostly from the (negative) work done (converted to heat) by the normal stresses on the thickening of the grain boundary due to non-uniform deposition of matter along it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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