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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurement of the effect of a bolus dose of intrathecal baclofen by a repetitive movement test (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 1080-1085 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Intrathecal baclofen ; Spasticity ; Measurement
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We assessed the repetitive movement (RM) test for measuring the effect of a trial bolus dose of intrathecal baclofen on spasticity. The RM test measures passive range of motion (ROM) by electrogoniometry and stretch reflex activity (SRA) of the flexors and extensors of the knee and ankle by surface electromyography. The SRA has a dynamic component (dynamic stretch reflex, DSR) and a tonic component (tonic stretch reflex, TSR). Four hypotheses were formulated: (a) RM results show a negative relationship between SRA and ROM; (b) values on the RM test are correlated with clinical scores of tonus and spasticity; (c) RM results show a reduction in SRA after administration of the clinically optimal dose of baclofen; and (d) RM results show a dose-dependent effect of intrathecal baclofen on SRA. Twenty-four patients were selected because they had impairments and disabilities caused by intractable spasticity. A bolus of baclofen was administered with incremental doses (25–150 μg) until an optimal effect or no effect was obtained. The main outcome measures were RM test and clinical assessments of the Ashworth and spasm score. The results were (a) For the ankle a negative correlation was found between ROM and TSR of the flexor and extensors; for the knee a significant negative correlation was found only with the DSR of the biceps femoris. (b) A positive correlation was found between the Ashworth score and TSR of the extensors and between the spasm score and DSR and TSR of the gastrocnemius muscle. (c) Significant differences were found between baseline measurements and the optimal dose of baclofen for all measures. (d) A significant dose-dependent effect of intrathecal baclofen on the level of SRA was observed. The RM test is thus a useful clinical tool for objectively measuring the effect of intrathecal baclofen administration on spasticity in patients with an upper motor neuron syndrome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050516
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The rheology of polypropylene - the influence of molecular weight distribution on melt elasticity (1970)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 10 (1970), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The structure of isotactic polypropylene, obtained by means of Ziegler-Natta catalysis, can be characterized only by molecular weight distribution. The mechanism of stereospecific catalysis eliminates other variables, i.e., short and long branching. In this case it is possible to develop a rheological study dependent only by polydispersity. The spectrum of relaxation times of five samples of polypropylene have been calculated from swelling measurement in the molten state and from flow master curves. The molecular weight distribution of the samples has been calculated by means of the relaxation spectrum, as suggested by Ferry. This information has been compared with that obtained by a fractionation method. There is a good agreement between the calculated and measured polydispersity curves.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760100205
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fasern und Filme aus isotaktischem Polypropylen. Herstellung und Eigenschaften unter Berücksichtigung ihrer kristallinen TexturNach einem Vortrag auf der Tagung der GDCh-Fachgruppe „Kunststoffe und Kautschuk“ am 10. April 1962 in Bad Nauheim. (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 74 (1962), S. 618-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Die kristalline Textur des isotaktischen Polypropylens ist für seine Anwendung im Bereich der synthetischen Filme und Fasern von Bedeutung. Die Erzielung einer smektischen Struktur hat sich für die Herstellung von nicht orientierten Filmen mit guten optischen Eigenschaften und von Fasern mit hoher Bruchfestigkeit als äußerst wichtig erwiesen. Die Neigung des Polypropylens, monoklin zu kristallisieren, gestattet es, Fasern mit hoher Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Scheuerung und Chemikalien herzustellen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 19 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19620741605
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