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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous cerebral electrical impedance monitoring in sick preterm infants (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 428-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Cerebrovascular circulation ; Infant ; Newborn ; Plethysmography ; Impedance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral electrical impedance (dZ) and intra-arterial blood pressure were measured continuously during the first 48 h after birth in 26 sick ventilated preterm infants with a birth weight 〈1500 g. The aim was to establish whether any patterns of dZp or the variability of either blood pressure or dZp would allow identification of those infants who developed intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) or a poor neurological outcome. IVH and PVL were diagnosed by ultrasound image obtained every 6 h. Cerebral electrical impedance recordings were unsuitable for analysis in three patients and a further three died within 14 h of birth. In the remaining 20 patients, no step changes that may have been related to the onset of IVH or PVL were evident and whilst three patterns of dZp were identified, they were not useful in distinguishing between normal infants or those who developed IVH, PVL or had a poor neurological outcome. Using multiple linear regression, the coefficient of variation of dZp was significantly associated with both IVH and outcome, as was the coefficient of variation of blood pressure. Continuous measurement of cerebral electrical impedance, whilst technically feasible in sick preterm infants, was not found useful as a method of identifying those who developed IVH, PVL or had a poor neurological outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02009665
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of aminoglycoside distribution space in neonates by multiple frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (1999), S. 671-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Gentamicin ; Prediction equation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Aminoglycoside antibiotics have a narrow margin of safety between therapeutic and toxic levels. The current study used multiple frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis to develop prediction equations for gentamicin distribution space in neonates. Methods: Gentamicin pharmacokinetic parameters and bioimpedance were measured in 14 infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Stepwise regression analysis was used to develop predictive models, using impedance quotients (F2/R), weight and gestational age as variables, whose predictive performance was then tested in a second group of ten infants. Results: The prediction model with the smallest bias and highest concordance correlation was that which included F2/R0 and weight. This bias of 50 ml or 6.7% was less than half of that found using a model including weight alone. Conclusion: A bioelectrical impedance-based prediction equation for prediction of gentamicin distribution space in neonates was produced. Although this prediction equation represents only a small improvement over that using weight alone, this is of clinical significance due to the narrow margin between therapeutic and toxic levels for gentamicin. A clinical trial to confirm the value of this methodology is now warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050691
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical impedance plethysmography: Its use in studying the cerebral circulation of the rabbit (1993)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 31 (1993), S. 39-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Cerebaal blood flow ; Impedance plethysmography ; Laser Doppler flowmetry ; Rabbits ; Radiolabelled microspheres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Electrical impedance plethysmography (EIP) is a noninvasive method that may be useful for both the continuous and serial measurement of changes in pulsatile cerebral blood volume and perhaps cerebral blood flow (CBF). It has not been well validated by comparison with other methods. To attempt to validate the EIP technique, the relationship between the peak amplitude of the transcranial, cardiac-synchronous impedance waveform (dZp) and cerebral blood flow measured by the radiolabelled microsphere technique (CBFrlm) and laser Doppler spectroscopy (CBFrds) was studied in rabbits. CBF was altered by inducing hypertension using metaraminol, hypotension by controlled haemorrhage or hypocarbia by hyperventilation. Twenty-three comparisons between dZp and CBFids and 19 comparisons with CBFrim were made in eight rabbits. The percentage change between each measurement using the three techniques in each animal was calculated. Using pooled data from all the animals, the linear regression equations were dZp=0.5 CBFrim+33 (r=0.38, p=0.22, SE=79) and dZp=0.84 CBFids+19.6 (r=0.46, p=0.09, SE=72). It is concluded that, in the anaesthetised rabbit, when large changes in CBF are induced by the manoeuvres described above, changes in dZp correlate very weakly with changes in either cortical or global CBF, and are influenced by other factors such as pulsatile intracranial blood volume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446883
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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