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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uhl's anomaly in a newborn (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 137 (1981), S. 347-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Uhl's anomaly ; Parchment heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present a case of Uhl's anomaly (parchment heart) in a newborn baby. We consider the clinical, haemodynamic and angiographic findings and describe the diagnostic difficulties, the unsuccessful outcome of medical and surgical therapy, and the complete anatomic picture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443271
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What will be the adult height of coeliac patients? (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 150 (1991), S. 407-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Coeliac disease ; Growth ; Final height
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied three groups of patient with coeliac disease: group 1=95 adult patients with gastro-intestinal symptoms diagnosed after reaching adult height, 41 of whom had had symptoms during childhood; group 2=23 adult patients with classic coeliac disease treated before or during puberty; group 3=11 coeliac children with short stature and no gastro-intestinal symptoms diagnosed and treated before or during puberty. We evaluated the adult height in groups 1 and 2 and the growth during the first years of diet in group 3. Our study leads us to the following conclusions. Dieting leads to a modest increase (on average not more than 3 cm) of the final height of coeliac patients. Subjects with gastro-intestinal symptoms who have been treated before adulthood reach a mean height similar to the normal population and have a slightly better adult height than non-treated subjects. This difference seems to exist only in men and this might be related to puberty evolving more rapidly in women receiving treatment. Subjects without symptoms during childhood reach a normal final height even without treatment. In our patients, early treatment seemed to have no great effect on adult height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02093719
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition metal monoalkyltrithiocarbonates
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Inorganica Chimica Acta 4 (1970), S. 618-620 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0020-1693(00)93363-2
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma cytokine profiles in patients with celiac disease and selective IgA deficiency (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Celiac disease (CD) and selective IgA deficiency (IgAD) are frequently associated, and share the same genetic background. The aim of the present study was to evaluate both Type 1 and 2 plasma cytokine levels in CD and in CD-IgAD. IL-2, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4 and IL-13 plasma levels were measured both at diagnosis and after a gluten-free diet (GFD) in 32 CD patients, in 27 CD-IgAD patients and in 30 healthy controls. IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in CD and CD-IgAD than in controls, TNF-α displayed significantly higher levels in CD-IgAD when compared both with controls and with CD, and IL-2 was in CD-IgAD significantly increased respect to controls. Kinetics of the Type 1 cytokine plasma levels did not show a clear relationship with the GFD in both groups of CD patients, and particularly in those with IgAD. IL-4 and IL-13, both at diagnosis and after a GFD, were not significantly different in controls and in celiac patients (with and without IgAD). IL-10, whose production is stimulated by the TNF-α, had significantly higher plasma levels in CD-IgAD, but not in CD patients, with a significant decrease after a GFD. CD and especially CD-IgAD patients display persistently higher pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, suggesting a persistent state of activation of pro-phlogistic signals in CD, particularly when IgAD coexists. Serial measurement of serum IL-10 may be an adjunctive evaluating criterion in the follow-up of CD-IgAD patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3038.2003.00053.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The eflects of levosulpiride on gastric and gall-bladder emptying in functional dyspepsia (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 8 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: 50 % of patients with functional dyspepsia have delayed gastric emptying. Levosulpiride is an orthopramide drug that stimulates gastrointestinal motility. Aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of levosulpiride on symptoms and gastric and gall-bladder emptying, in dyspeptic patients. Methods: Thirty adult patients, treated for 20 days with levosulpiride (75 mg/day) or placebo, were evaluated in a randomized double-blind study. Symptoms were assessed by a cumulative index and overall intensity (visual analogue line). Gastric and gall-bladder emptying were evaluated by epigastric impedance (liquid meal) and real-time ultrasonography (mixed meal). Results: Levosulpiride, with respect to placebo, accelerated the mean gastric half-emptying time of liquids (P 〈 0.05), gastric emptying (P 〈 0.001 at 180 min; P 〈 0.05 at 240 min), and gall-bladder emptying (P 〈 0.05 at 60 and 120 min) emptying after a solid-liquid mixed meal. Both the mean cumulative index (P 〈 0.05) and the overall intensity (P 〈 0.025) of dyspeptic symptoms were reduced significantly by levosulpiride. Conclusions: Our results showed that levosulpiride can be usefully employed in patients affected by functional dyspepsia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1994.tb00341.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Galactosidase from Aspergillus niger in adult lactose malabsorption: a double-blind crossover study (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An assessment was made of the efficacy of a β-galactosidase, obtained from Aspergillus niger and added to intact milk, in decreasing lactose malabsorption and intolerance. Sixteen adult patients with malabsorption and intolerance to this sugar were studied in a double-blind crossover study vs. placebo. A 5-hour hydrogen breath test was used to assess malabsorption of lactose contained in 400 ml milk. When compared with placebo, the addition of exogenous lactase to intact milk caused a statistically significant reduction in the maximum breath H2 concentration (P 〈 0.01) and in the cumulative H2 excretion (P 〈 0.005). In the same way, the cumulative index for gastrointestinal intolerance was significantly lower (P 〈 0.005) after the ingestion of lactase-added milk. This study demonstrates that enzyme replacement therapy, with β-galactosidases obtained from Aspergillus niger, is effective in decreasing lactose malabsorption and its consequent intolerance in adult subjects with lactase deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1992.tb00545.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-absorbable antibiotics for managing intestinal gas production and gas-related symptoms (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Simethicone, activated charcoal and antimicrobial drugs have been used to treat gas-related symptoms with conflicting results.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To study the relationship between gaseous symptoms and colonic gas production and to test the efficacy of rifaximin, a new non-absorbable antimicrobial agent, on these symptoms.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Intestinal gas production was measured by hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) breath testing after lactulose in 21 healthy volunteers and 34 functional patients. Only the 34 functional patients took part in a double-blind, double-dummy controlled trial, receiving, at random, rifaximin (400 mg b.d per 7 days), or activated charcoal (400 mg b.d per 7 days). The following parameters were evaluated at the start of the study and 1 and 10 days after therapy: bloating, abdominal pain, number of flatus episodes, abdominal girth, and cumulative breath H2 excretion.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Hydrogen excretion was greater in functional patients than in healthy volunteers. Rifaximin, but not activated charcoal, led to a significant reduction in H2 excretion and overall severity of symptoms. In particular, in patients treated with rifaximin, a significant reduction in the mean number of flatus episodes and of mean abdominal girth was evident.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:In patients with gas-related symptoms the colonic production of H2 is increased. Rifaximin significantly reduces this production and the excessive number of flatus episodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00808.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorbable vs. non-absorbable antibiotics in the treatment of small intestine bacterial overgrowth in patients with blind-loop syndrome (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Small intestine bacterial overgrowth is associated with the presence of predisposing conditions, acting through different mechanisms. Therefore, the failure to define a standardized therapy may be due to a methodological bias: to treat a condition characterized by different pathophysiological mechanisms with the same pharmacological approach. Non-absorbable antibiotics could have a lower efficacy than absorbable drugs in patients with blind loops which exclude a portion of the intestine from the transit.Aim : To evaluate the efficacy of absorbable vs. non-absorbable antibiotics in this subgroup of patients.Methods : A group of small intestine bacterial overgrowth patients with total gastrectomy or gastrojejunostomy and blind loop underwent a therapeutic trial comparing rifaximin to metronidazole. Seven patients underwent a course of rifaximin followed by a course of metronidazole on recurrence of symptoms. To compare the effect of the drugs, another two groups of patients underwent two consecutive courses of rifaximin or metronidazole. Hydrogen breath test after glucose administration and symptom severity measurement were performed.Results : Both drugs reduced breath H2 excretion but a much better improvement was achieved after metronidazole. Symptom improvement was higher after metronidazole.Conclusion : Metronidazole is more effective than rifaximin for the treatment of small intestine bacterial overgrowth associated with the presence of a blind loop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02397.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral butyrate for mildly to moderately active Crohn's disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Butyrate exerts anti-inflammatory effects in experimental colitis and on Crohn's disease lamina propria mononuclear cells in vitro.Aim : To explore the efficacy and safety of oral butyrate in Crohn's disease.Methods : Thirteen patients with mild–moderate ileocolonic Crohn's disease received 4 g/day butyrate as enteric-coated tablets for 8 weeks. Full colonoscopy and ileoscopy were performed before and after treatment. Endoscopical and histological score, laboratory data, Crohn's disease activity index and mucosal interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-12, interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were assessed before and after treatment.Results : One patient withdrew from the study, and three patients did not experience clinical improvement. Among the nine patients (69%) who responded to treatment, seven (53%) achieved remission and two had a partial response. Endoscopical and histological score significantly improved after treatment at ileocaecal level (P 〈 0.05). Leucocyte blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and mucosal levels of NF-κB and IL-1β significantly decreased after treatment (P 〈 0.05).Conclusions : Oral butyrate is safe and well tolerated, and may be effective in inducing clinical improvement/remission in Crohn's disease. These data indicate the need for a large investigation to extend the present findings, and suggest that butyrate may exert its action through downregulation of NF-κB and IL-1β.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02639.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical implications of enteric and central D2 receptor blockade by antidopaminergic gastrointestinal prokinetics (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Antidopaminergic gastrointestinal prokinetics (bromopride, clebopride, domperidone, levosulpiride and metoclopramide) have been exploited clinically for the management of motor disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, including functional dyspepsia, gastric stasis of various origins and emesis. The prokinetic effect of these drugs is mediated through the blockade of enteric (neuronal and muscular) inhibitory D2 receptors. The pharmacological profiles of the marketed compounds differ in terms of their molecular structure, affinity at D2 receptors, ability to interact with other receptor systems [5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) and 5-HT4 receptors for metoclopramide; 5-HT4 receptors for levosulpiride) and ability to permeate the blood–brain barrier (compared with the other compounds, domperidone does not easily cross the barrier). It has been suggested that the serotonergic (5-HT4) component of some antidopaminergic prokinetics may enhance their therapeutic efficacy in gastrointestinal disorders, such as functional dyspepsia and diabetic gastroparesis. The antagonism of central D2 receptors may lead to both therapeutic (e.g. anti-emetic effect due to D2 receptor blockade in the area postrema) and adverse (including hyperprolactinaemia and extrapyramidal dystonic reactions) effects. As the pituitary (as well as the area postrema) is outside the blood–brain barrier, hyperprolactinaemia is a side-effect occurring with all antidopaminergic prokinetics, although to different extents. Extrapyramidal reactions are most commonly observed with compounds crossing the blood–brain barrier, although with some differences amongst the various agents. Prokinetics with a high dissociation constant compared with that of dopamine at the D2 receptor (i.e. compounds that bind loosely to D2 receptors in the nigrostriatal pathway) elicit fewer extrapyramidal signs and symptoms. A knowledge of central and peripheral D2 receptor pharmacology can help the clinician to choose between the antidopaminergic prokinetics to obtain a more favourable risk/benefit ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01867.x
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