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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    C-fos mRNA is Spontaneously Induced in the Rat Brain During the Activity Period of the Circadian Cycle (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 5 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The basal expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos was studied by Northern blot analysis in different regions of the rat brain during 24 h. A striking spontaneous oscillation of c-fos mRNA expression was detected in animals kept in basal conditions with a 12 h light/12 h dark cycle. In these animals c-fos mRNA was just detectable during the rest hours (morning through afternoon), and was high during the activity hours (night). The periodicity of this oscillation persisted and became free-running when the animals were exposed for 6 consecutive days to constant light or darkness. It was thus demonstrated that the fluctuation of c-fos expression is circadian and is not created by the light-dark cycle, but the latter exerts a synchronizing effect. The oscillation of c-fos mRNA was modified by manipulations of the rest-activity cycle. In particular, the fluctuation observed in basal conditions was inverted, keeping the animals awake during the rest hours (diurnal) and allowing them to sleep in the activity period (nocturnal). These data indicated a close relationship between the oscillation of c-fos expression and the rest-activity cycle. Finally, electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring was performed under behavioural control for 3 h before the animals were killed. These experiments confirmed that, irrespective of the time of day, the EEG pattern typical of a state of sleep (including both slow waves and paradoxical sleep) was associated with low or undetectable c-fos levels, whereas the protracted EEG desynchronization corresponding to wakefulness was associated with high c-fos expression. Altogether these results indicate that c-fos mRNA undergoes during the circadian cycle spontaneous oscillations related to the activation of genomic expression subserving the behavioural and electrical correlates of wakefulness. On the other hand, the behavioural and electrical correlates of sleep are associated with low c-fos expression.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00960.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of kainic acid lesioning on poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity in the rat striatum in vivo (2000)
    Springer
    Amino acids 19 (2000), S. 229-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: Amino acids ; Kainic acid ; Neurodegeneration ; Excitotoxicity ; Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase ; PARP ; In vivo
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is activated in glutamate-induced toxicity of neurons in culture (Cosi et al., 1994). Since injection of the excitatory amino acid, kainic acid (KA) into the rat striatum induces a delayed neuronal death, the effects of this in vivo excitotoxin lesioning procedure on striatal PARP activity was investigated. PARP activity was measured in striatal extracts both in the absence ("endogenous" activity) and presence ("total" activity) of exogenously-added fragmented DNA. KA (5 nmols/1 μl) produced significant and time-dependent changes in striatal PARP activity, compared to saline-injected control animals: no changes at 6 h after intrastriatal KA, a 68% and 48% decrease in endogenous and total PARP activity respectively at 12 h, a doubling in endogenous PARP activity at 24 h, and a 382% and 60% increase in endogenous and total activities at 1 week after KA. PARP cleavage was not detected at any time point. These results suggest a participation of PARP in KA-induced toxicity in the brain in vivo.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007260070054
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