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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal growth in Laminaria longicruris: Relations with dissolved inorganic nutrients and internal reserves of nitrogen (1977)
    Springer
    Marine biology 40 (1977), S. 197-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Observations have been made on seasonal fluctuations in dissolved inorganic nutrients, internal reserves of nitrogen and growth rates in Laminaria longicruris. The onset of winter growth in shallow-water stations (6 and 9 m) correlated well with improved dissolved nitrate conditions in the sea. During the winter, reserves of NO 3 - were accumulated by the plants and reached maximum values of 150 μmoles per g fresh weight in March. This represents a concentration factor of approximately 28,000 over the ambient levels, or an internal nitrogen reserve of 2.1% of the dry weight of the tissue. Depletion of this nitrogen pool followed the disappearance of the external NO 3 - with a lag period of up to 2 months. Rapid kelp growth was measured during this period. Reserves of organic nitrogen also reached maximum values in March and declined slowly throughout the summer into autumn. It is suggested that the combined inorganic and organic nitrogen reserves sustain the rapid growth rates into July and at reduced rate through the late summer. Fertilization of an experimental perimental kelp bed with NaNO3 increased the internal plant reserves of NO 3 - and produced a much improved summer growth rate. The enriched plants developed very small reserves of carbohydrate during the rapid summer growth phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390875
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid growth of clones of the red alga Chondrus crispus: applications in assays of toxic substances and in physiological studies (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 122 (1995), S. 471-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth rates of excised apical segments from three Chondrus crispus Stackhouse clones were rapid, reproducible and easily measured using simple equipment. Clonal segments exhibited a high degree of phenotypic stability, with coefficients of variation in growth rates being typically less than 5%. Sensitivity of the assay was demonstrated using 24-h pulses of the toxicants Cu2+ (10 to 150 ppb) and the molluscicide Bayluscide (100 to 500 ppb). As a further demonstration of applicability of this assay system, growth rates were measured over two consecutive 24-h photoperiods using a normally pigmented red gametophytic clone and a green colored mutant derived from it. Growth rates were highest in the first hours of the light phase for both clones, with growth of the green mutant being consistently inferior to that of the normally pigmented one. Significant changes were measured with intervals as short as 4 h using only five apical segments for each treatment. The C. crispus assay described is sensitive, relatively rapid, and statistically robust when applied to toxicant testing in seawater and to physiological studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350881
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal growth in Laminaria longicuris: Relations with reserve carbohydrate storage and production (1978)
    Springer
    Marine biology 46 (1978), S. 209-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth rates of Laminaria longicruris increase during January and February, and the role of carbohydrate reserves as a carbon source for this growth was investigated. Seasonal variations in the levels of laminaran and mannitol showed maximum values for both in late summer. Minimum values occurred in February at the time when growth rates were increasing rapidly. Erosion of the blades in winter carried away much of the tissue containing carbohydrate reserves accumulated during the previous summer. Experimental reduction of carbohydrate reserves by fertilization with sodium nitrate during the summer did not affect subsequent winter growth rates. Truncation of the plants in November significantly reduced growth rates. The lower rate of growth is attributed to a reduction in photosynthetic area rather than a loss of storage products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390682
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-influenced infection rates in the Chondrus crispus—Petersenia pollagaster pathosystem: a regression analysis (1988)
    Springer
    Marine biology 97 (1988), S. 431-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cross-infection experiments were performed to determine the influence of temperature on infection rate in the Chondrus crispus Stackhouse-Petersenia pollagaster (Petersen) Sparrow pathosystem. C. crispus thalli were collected at Pubnico Harbor, Nova Scotia, Canada in the fall of 1981 to 1984. Infective zoospores were used to inoculate healthy thalli at five different temperatures. The highest infection rate was obtained at 20°C, while significantly lower rates were obtained at temperature extremes. The parasite's life cycle, consisting of infection of healthy thalli, endobiotic development, and release of zoospores, was completed in 48 to 72 h at 15° to 20°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397774
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfated Polysaccharides in Red and Brown Algae (1979)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology 30 (1979), S. 41-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4294
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.30.060179.000353
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bromide, a Substitute for Chloride in a Marine Algal Medium (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 214 (1967), S. 604-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In natural waters the concentration of bromide is generally quite small; sea water contains about 0.065 parts per thousand. In some brine lakes and natural bitterns the concentration of bromide is considerably greater, and the Dead Sea may contain as much as 7 g/1. (0.068 molar sodium bromide)4. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/214604a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carrageenans in the gametophytic and sporophytic stages of Chondrus crispus (1973)
    Springer
    Planta 112 (1973), S. 201-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The morphologically similar sporophytic and gametophytic plants of Chondrus crispus Stackhouse were examined and it was shown that the former contain λ-carrageenan. The gametophytes contain ϰ- and two additional carrageenans which are KCl-soluble and may comprise up to 25% of the total carrageenan. After alkaline modification, these KCl-soluble components were separated into a gel and a soluble carrageenan. The gel was indistinguishable from ϰ-carrageenan and presumably was derived from μ-carrageenan while the KCl-soluble fraction possessed a unique infrared spectrum easily distinguished from alkali-modified λ-carrageenan. This appears to represent a third carrageenan in the gametophytes. Our observations suggest that the biologically separate plants of C. crispus exhibit distinctive patterns of sulfation of their galactans. The sporophytes add SO4 2- at C2 of the precursor, whereas the gametophytes appear to add it principally at the available C4 positions. Both types of plant are capable of sulfating at C6 of the 4-linked galactose unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385324
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence induction in the macroalgae Chondrus crispus (Rhodophyceae) and Ulva sp. (Chlorophyceae) (1988)
    Springer
    Marine biology 98 (1988), S. 457-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The induction of in vivo chlorophyll a (chl a) fluorescence (change in fluorescence intensity during a time-scale of ms to s) was measured to determine the potential of this technique for assessing the physiological condition of the macroalgae Chondrus crispus and Ulva sp. A gradient in variable fluorescence (P-F 0 =peak minus initial fluorescence, a measure of Photosystem II activity) was found along the frond of C. crispus, the values increasing with distance from the thallus apex. No gradient was observed for Ulva sp. thalli. Nitrogen- or phosphorus-depleted Ulva sp. required a longer dark-conditioning period and had lower values of P-F 0 than did controls. In contrast, no differences were found in P-F 0 of N- or P-depleted C. crispus unless values were normalized to chl a. The irradiance history of C. crispus strongly influenced P-F 0 , even after dark-conditioning: P-F 0 declined by about 70% as the mean daily natural irradiance increased between 2 February and 14 March 1986; a negative correlation was observed between P-F 0 and the photon flux density 1 d prior to the measurement; P-F 0 remained elevated when C. crispus was grown under a low photon flux density; and P-F 0 decreased in thalli within 5 d of transfer from growth under natural irradiance to an incubator with artificial irradiance. Changes in variable fluorescence at different growth irradiances of C. crispus may be due to adaptive changes in the relative absorption cross-section of this alga. The influence of irradiance history on Ulva sp. was minimal in comparison.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391536
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of evidence for the presence of indole-3-acetic acid in marine algae (1971)
    Springer
    Planta 97 (1971), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using a two-dimensional thin layer chromatography system (TLC) we have been unable to detect endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (as an Ehrlichpositive spot on TLC plates) in the acidic, ether-soluble fraction of alkaline hydrolysates of 10 species of marine algae. Exogenously added IAA, admixed with algal extracts, was completely separated on chromatograms from other Ehrlich-positive compounds which were present in the extracts. Several regions of auxin-like activity were located on chromatograms of Fucus extracts. From experiments on the recovery of exogenously added IAA from algal extracts, we calculate that if IAA is present in algae, the levels are below 0.1 μg IAA/g fresh weight. The claim by previous workers that IAA is present in marine algae is critically discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386764
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protoplast production fromPorphyra linearis using a simplified agarase procedure capable of commercial application (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 6 (1994), S. 35-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: protoplast ; agarase ; enzyme ; aquaculture ; Porphyra ; Pseudomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Abalone enzymes, Cellulase R-10, Macerozyme and agarase fromPseudomonas atlantica were tested for activity on agarose, cellulose, xylan, the cell wall matrix and porphyran isolated fromPorphyra linearis. Agarase, and to a lesser extent Macerozyme, digested both agarose and porphyran. Abalone enzymes and Cellulase R-10 reacted only weakly with porphyran. A simple standardized protocol for making protoplasts fromPorphyra linearis was developed using 0.025% agarase in seawater without added organic osmoticants. Protoplasts prepared with agarase remained viable for at least 24 h in the digestion medium. Regeneration of the protoplasts followed the normal pattern for this species. Agarase can be used to obtain large number of protoplasts which could substitute for conchospores in seeding nets for the aquaculture ofP. linearis
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185902
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