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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 11 (1975), S. 1011-1029 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Au cours d'une étude expérimentale, on a examiné la propagation d'ondes associées à la mise sous contrainte, l'amorcage, le mouvement et l'arrêt d'une fissure et l'interaction d'ondes de mise sous contraintes et de fissures. Le recours à la photoélasticité dynamique en combinaison avec la photographie à vitesse ultrarapide a permis une visualisation complète de diverses phases du processus de rupture dynamique. Deux problèmes fondamentaux ont été examinés selon que le centre de dilatation par traction est dans un plan complet ou dans un demi-plan. Pour chacun de ces problèmes, on a pu caractériser le processus de rupture dans le cas où l'impulsion de pression sise au centre de la source de dilatation est d'une durée extrèmement brève. L'importance des ondes de contraintes qui se réfléchissent lorsque s'étend la zône de rupture est clairement établie.
    Notes: Abstract Stress wave propagation, crack initiation, crack motion, crack arrest and the interaction of stress waves and cracks were examined in an experimental study. Dynamic photoelasticity used in conjunction with ultra-high speed photography provided full-field visualization of the several phases in the dynamic fracture process. Two fundamental problems were examined—the full-plane and the half-plane with a tensile type center of dilatation. The fracture process was characterized for both of these problems for the case where the pressure pulse at the dilatational source was of extremely short duration. The importance of the reflected stress waves in extending the fracture zone is clearly established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 27 (1985), S. 159-168 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On passe en revue les résultats expérimentaux obtenus par différents chercheurs sur la relation K I − a et l'on discute des différences apparentes dans les résultats qui conduisent à des questions en ce qui regarde l'unicité de cette relation. On présente l'influence des erreurs dues à l'état tridimensionnel des tensions à l'extrémité de la fissure, les effets des contraintes non singulières de la vitesse de la mise en charge transitoire et de la mesure de la vitesse. Ces erreurs ne contribuent pas à éclaircir la question de l'unicité et, en vue de la résoudre, on décrit une expérience possible.
    Notes: Abstract Experimental results due to several different investigators on the K I − a relationship are reviewed and the apparent differences in results leading to questions regarding the uniqueness of this relationship are discussed. The influence of the errors due to the three dimensional state of stress at the crack tip, the effects of non-singular stresses, velocity, transient loading and velocity measurement is presented. These errors have obscured resolution of the uniqueness question and an experiment is described to resolve the issue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 1 (1961), S. 33-42 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An experimental stress analysis of three cylindrical pressure vessels with radius/thickness ratios ranging from 100 to 238 and different head closures is described. Brittle coatings and electrical strain gages were employed to determine stress distributions over the entire outer surface of the vessels. Electrical strain gages alone were used to determine stresses on the inside surface of the vessels. Particular emphasis was placed on determining stress concentrations and on nonlinear effects produced by geometric imperfections. An attempt was also made to correlate the failure, which started in the cylindrical portion of the three vessels, with the elastic-stress distribution. It was found that the imperfections in the cylinder were not significant if the vessel was fabricated from a ductile steel. However, if the vessel was constructed from a high-strength but brittle steel, the imperfections significantly lower the bursting strength of the vessel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 23 (1983), S. 298-303 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic photoelasticity and high-speed photography were utilized to study the influence of tough ligaments on crack propagation in compact specimens. The data obtained during the fracture experiments were analyzed to obtain crack velocity, instantaneous stress-intensity factor and the energy losses away from the crack tip. The results showed that the ligaments can behave as crack arrestors or decelerators. The crack if not arrested at the ligament slowly tunnels in between the ligaments without immediately rupturing them. The ligaments also tend to increase damping losses in the specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 27 (1987), S. 381-388 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of strain near a crak tip with electrical-resistance strain gages do not usually provide a reliable measure ofK I because of local yielding, three-dimensional effects and limited regions for strain-gage placement. This paper develops expressions for the strains in a valid region removed from the crack tip, and indicates procedures for locating and orienting the gages to accurately determineK I from one or more strain-gage readings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 28 (1988), S. 142-145 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An overdeterministic method for determining the opening-mode stress-intensity factor,K I , from many measurements of the radial strain,∈ rr , is described. The method was verified with an experimental study of a compact-tension specimen where strains along the 0, 45 and 90-degree lines were measured using strip gages with ten strain sensors per strip gage. The results indicated errors in the range of one to three percent with three or four parameter models of the strain field in the region near the crack tip.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 33 (1993), S. 110-116 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Methods of employing scanning moiré at high magnification are developed and demonstrated. Modern lithographic techniques for producing custom moiré gratings with a frequency up to 250l/mm are described. On a probing station equipped with a video system, pseudo-color moiré fringes are produced using the scannning lines of the color charge-coupled-device (CCD) camera. Fringe multiplication from 1 to 5 is possible with correct combinations of magnification and grating pitch. An analysis is given to show that strain sensitivity depends only on the number of scanning lines used to record the image. The grating pitch and the magnification are important because they reduce the gage length of the strain measurement. The high-magnification scanning moiré was used to study plastic- strain fields in an aluminum tensile specimen. Local disturbances in the strain field were observed at 2 to 2.5 percent applied strain. These discontinuities became more significant at higher levels of applied strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 4 (1964), S. 70-76 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 8 (1968), S. 145-153 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The embedded-polariscope method was employed to isolate the central plane in cylindrical and conical models subjected to axial loads. Light-field isochromatic-fringe patterns associated with each of the five models studied were recorded by using a multiple-gap camera. Results obtained indicate that the maximum stress decays with distance propagated approximately as indicated by the elementary one-dimensional wave theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 6 (1966), S. 493-499 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A method for separating principal stresses in photoelasticity is presented. This method is based upon the series solution of Laplace's equation and the determination of the unknown coefficients arising in this series by a least-squares numerical technique. By selecting an adequate number of terms in the series, the representation of the boundary values of the first stress invariant can be established as accurately as the initial photoelastic data. This form of representation of the first stress invariant at interior points in the region is moe accurate than the boundary values employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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