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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 6128-6140 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experimental results obtained for the dissociation reaction ICN*→[I⋅⋅⋅CN]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 6113-6127 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When a chemical bond is broken in a direct dissociation reaction, the process is so rapid that it has generally been considered instantaneous and therefore unobservable. But the fragments formed interact with one another for times on the order of 10−13 s after the photon has been absorbed. On this time scale the system passes through intermediate transition configurations; the totality of such configurations have been, in the recent literature, designated as "transition states.'' Femtosecond transition-state spectroscopy (FTS) is a real-time technique for probing chemical reactions. It allows the direct observation of a molecule in the process of falling apart or in the process of formation. In this paper, the first in a series on femtosecond real-time probing of reactions, we examine the technique in detail. The concept of FTS is explored, and the interrelationship between the dynamics of chemical reactions and molecular potential energy surfaces is considered. The experimental method, which requires the generation of spectrally tunable femtosecond optical pulses, is detailed. Illustrative results from FTS experiments for several elementary reactions are presented, and we describe methods for relating these results to the potential energy surface(s).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 2395-2397 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 82 (1985), S. 4771-4776 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fluorescence excitation and single vibronic level (SVL) fluorescence spectra of fluoranthene seeded in an Ar free-jet are presented. The S1 excitation spectrum builds on a strong 427 cm−1 vibronic false origin. Fluorescence spectra exciting SVL with vibrational energy 0, 427, and 751 cm−1 contain sharp lines, whereas with 1345 cm−1 the fluorescence spectrum is a featureless continuum. The sharp lines have been analyzed and assigned with the help of Raman and IR data. The broad spectrum when exciting 1345 cm−1 above the S1 origin is ascribed to energy redistribution (IVR). The behavior of fluoranthene in light of current understanding of the IVR process is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 3779-3782 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Control of coherence and population transfer between the ground and excited states is reported using three-pulse four-wave mixing. The inherent vibrational dynamics of the system are utilized in timing the pulse sequence that controls the excitation process. A slight alteration in the pulse sequence timing causes a change in the observed signal from coherent vibration in the ground state to coherent vibration in the excited state. This control is demonstrated experimentally for molecular iodine. The theoretical basis for these experiments is discussed in terms of the density matrix for a multilevel system. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 98 (1994), S. 2782-2796 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 8013-8021 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theoretical analysis of the recent femtosecond photoassociation spectroscopy (FPAS) experiment on mercury [U. Marvet and M. Dantus, Chem. Phys. Lett. 245, 393 (1995)] is presented. It is shown that when a thermal distribution of diatom collision pairs is excited from a free to a bound electronic state on a time scale shorter than molecular vibration, an ensemble of coherent wave packets is produced. The dynamics of these wave packets created by the photoassociation pulse can be observed by firing a second probe pulse at variable time delays, and the depletion of the first excited bound state by the probe pulse is detected via fluorescence of the remaining population. Simulations of the FPAS experiment, using both wave packet propagation techniques and perturbation theory, clearly show the vibrational dynamics of the photoassociated transients. It is also demonstrated how the FPAS technique may be used as a tool for controlling the energy, impact parameter, and orientation in bimolecular reactions. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 4415-4427 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The direct observation of the photoinduced molecular detachment of halogens X2 from halogenated alkanes RCHX2 is presented. Three-photon excitation at 312 nm produces molecular halogens and a carbene; the halogen products are formed predominantly in the D′ state. Femtosecond pump–probe spectroscopy of the reaction reveals a fast (τ〈50 fs) dissociation with no evidence of intramolecular vibrational redistribution. This is consistent with a prompt dissociation without intermediates. The experimental results demonstrate vibrational coherence in the halogen product, which requires that the reaction proceed by a concerted mechanism. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 4428-4442 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photoinduced molecular detachment dynamics of CH2I2 have been investigated with femtosecond time resolution. Upon multiphoton excitation of CH2I2 with 312 nm femtosecond pulses, weak fluorescence in the 260–290 nm region was observed in addition to the I2 fluorescence in the 290–345 nm region studied in the previous paper. The weak fluorescence has also been interpreted as due to emission from I2, where I2 was produced from the photodissociation process CH2I2→CH2+I2*. In order to investigate the detailed dynamics of this reaction, femtosecond time-resolved data have been obtained by selective detection of the I2 fluorescence at 272 and 285 nm. From these transients, it has been found that the dissociation process takes place within the temporal width (50 fs) of the laser pulse and that the I2 photofragments exhibit coherent vibrational motion. The 272 nm transients also exhibit clear, fast decaying rotational anisotropy, quantitative analysis of which reveals a distribution of rather high rotational levels of I2. This permits us to conclude that the I2 detachment is an asynchronous concerted process; while breaking of the two C(Single Bond)I bonds and formation of the I(Single Bond)I bond happen in a single kinetic step, one of the C(Single Bond)I bonds breaks faster than the other. In addition, energy partitioning between the CH2 and I2 photofragments has also been explored based on the experimental observations. Since this study involves a multiphoton transition, a theoretical formulation for the time dependent rotational anisotropy is presented for the general case of multiphoton pump and multiphoton probe transitions. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 4375-4378 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Order of magnitude enhancement in the concerted elimination pathway leading to I2 product formation in the photodissociation reaction of CH2I2 by the use of positively chirped 312 nm femtosecond laser pulses is demonstrated. The maximum yield is found for chirps of 2400 fs2 while the minimum is found near −500 fs2. Multiphoton excitation with 624 nm pulses results in the opposite effect, where the maximum yield is found near −500 fs2. The enhancement as a function of chirp is found to depend on the wavelength and intensity of the laser pulses. These results offer new experimental evidence for quantum control of chemical reactions. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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