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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of an Industrial Microfiltration Plant for Defatting Rennet Whey (1992)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 61-62 (Jan. 1992), p. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/58/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.61-62.307.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficiency of Cleaning Agents for an Inorganic Membrane after Milk Ultrafiltration (1992)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 61-62 (Jan. 1992), p. 553-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/58/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.61-62.553.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimizing pH for Improving Defatted Whey Ultrafiltration Using an Inorganic Membrane (1992)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 61-62 (Jan. 1992), p. 557-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/58/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.61-62.557.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of corrosion inhibition for an aluminium-silicon-magnesium alloy in 0.1 N NaOH solutions at 60 °C (1979)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 30 (1979), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanismus der Inhibierung der Korrosion einer Aluminium-Silicium-Magnesium-Legierung in 0,1 N NaOH bei 60 °CDer Mechanismus der Korrosionsinhibierung wurde mit einer Aluminium-Silicium-Magnesium-Legierung in 0,1 N NaOH bei 60 °C unter Verwendung billiger, nichttoxischer Stoffe als Inhibitoren untersucht. Die Wirkung von Kalzium- und Tartrat-Ionen wird voneinander getrennt betrachtet und gezeigt, daß ein unlösliches Kalzium-Aluminium-Tartrat vorliegt. Ebenso wird gezeigt, daß eine amorphe Aluminium-Silicat-Phase hoher Stabilität vorliegt; durch elektrochemische Messungen, gravimetrische Bestimmungen, Röntgen und IR-Spektroskopie wird gezeigt, daß Al3+ eine große Bedeutung besitzt.
    Notes: The mechanism of corrosion inhibition has been studied for an Al-Si-Mg alloy in a 0.1 N NaOH medium at 60 °C with cheap, non toxic substances. The effects of Ca2+ and tartrate ions are differentiated and the presence of an insoluble calcium alumino tartrate is evidenced. The greater stability of an amorphous alumino silicate phase is also emphasized, and with electrochemical measurements, weighing tests, X-ray diagrams and IR spectroscopy, the importance of AlIII is revealed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19790300407
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal isoelectric precipitation of α-lactalbumin from a whey protein concentrate: Influence of protein-calcium complexation (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 47 (1995), S. 121-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: α-lactalbumin ; whey ; isoelectric precipitation ; calcium complexation ; modeling ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The selective precipitation of α-lactalbumin (α-LA) at a pH around its isoelectric point (4.2) under heat treatment is the basis for a fractionation process of whey proteins. As precipitation is a phenomenon dependent on the protein hydrophobicity, and as the release of the tightly bound calcium occurring at pH around 4 modifies the α-LA hydrophobicity, the specific role of calcium on isoelectric precipitation is investigated. A study of the extent of α-LA precipitation in a whey protein concentrate under various operating conditions of pH, temperature, protein concentration, and calcium content is presented. We propose a mechanism for this phenomenon as a combination of a complexation equilibrium and of an irreversible precipitation, to account for the influence of temperature, α-LA concentration total ionic content, and calcium concentration, and also to estimate the complexation equilibrium constant. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260470202
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cleaning of inorganic membranes after whey and milk ultrafiltration (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38 (1991), S. 82-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: cleaning membrane ; fouling ; UF membrane ; milk ; whey ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cleaning of an inorganic ultrafiltration membrane has been quantified through hydraulic, physicochemical, and spectroscopic (infrared and x-photoelectron spectroscopy) analyses. An efficient cleaning sequence of nitric acid followed by sodium hypochlorite has been proposed for cleaning of defatted whey protein concentrate and milk ultrafiltration membranes. The influence of reversed sequence and time reduction are discussed together with the action of both cleaning chemicals. In spite of residual fouling left after every cleaning sequence studied, hydraulic cleanliness of the membrane was achieved, particularly after the standard procedure.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260380111
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective separation of amino acids with a charged inorganic nanofiltration membrane: Effect of physicochemical parameters on selectivity (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 54 (1997), S. 291-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: nanofiltration ; selectivity ; amino acid ; charged membranes ; physicochemical parameters ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A charged organic-inorganic nanofiltration (NF) membrane prototype was used to separate a mixture of nine amino acids (AA) on the basis of differential electrostatic interactions with the membrane because, for a given pH, some of them were positively charged, some were negative, and some were zwitterions. Effect of pH, amino acid concentration (Cr), and added ionic strength ([NaCI]) on the process selectivity was studied. A global statistical study revealed that pH was the dominant parameter regarding fractionation. Cr and [NaCI] had a weaker effect, but the ratio Cr/[NaCI] demonstrated a pronounced effect on system selectivity. Two split-ups of the mixture were obtained at pH 2 and at pH 12, for a 1-g/L total AA concentration and a Cr/[NaCI] ratio of 0.16. Under these conditions, the differences in transmissions between basic and acid AA were higher than 70%. Interpretation of the results according to the Donnan theory allows us to foresee the potentialities of charged nanofiltration membranes for the fractionation of a complex mixture, such as peptidic hydrolysate to streams containing peptides and amino acids having different isoelectric points. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 54: 291-302, 1997.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionic interactions in nanofiltration of β casein peptides (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 57 (1998), S. 109-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: nanofiltration ; selectivity ; inorganic membrane ; peptide ; pH ; ionic strength ; polyelectrolyte ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nanofiltration (NF) membrane technology shows interesting potentials for separating organic components on the basis of solute charge and size in the range of 300-1000 g mol-1. Separation properties of two inorganic NF membranes were studied with a set of 10 small peptides (molecular mass range: 300-900 g mol-1; 3 〈 pI 〈 10) contained in a well-characterized tryptic β casein hydrolysate. Peptides transmission strongly depended on ionic interactions in the system. Physicochemical conditions such as ionic strength and especially pH were crucial to the separation, because the membrane and peptides showed amphoteric properties. Thus, the three categories of peptides (acid, basic, neutral) were separated according to their pI because of presumed concentration gradients of charged peptides at the membrane: positive for basic peptides and negative for acid peptides. At optimum pH 8 this led to high transmissions of basic peptides (even over 100%), intermediate transmissions for neutral peptides, and low transmissions for acid peptides. The addition of multicharged cationic and anionic species in the hydrolysate induced a markedly enhanced selectivity when the polyelectrolyte was a membrane coion and a complete reversion of selectivity when it was a membrane counterion. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 57: 109-117, 1988.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective separation of tryptic β-casein peptides through ultrafiltration membranes: Influence of ionic interactions (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 46 (1995), S. 246-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: ultrafiltration ; peptide separation ; ionic interaction ; β-casein ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Peptide separation by selective membrane filtration has numerous potential applications such as production of peptides with biological activities or spectific enrichment in compounds acting as flavoring agents or as growth factors required by the fermentation industry. The retention of peptides arising from tryptic hdroysis of β-casein using an M5 Carbosep membrane (molecular wieght cutoll = 10,000 D) has been studied. The peptides with known sequences were characterized by their molecular weight, isoelectric point, and hydrophobicity. Our experiments highlighted that their transmission involves mechanisms other than size exclusion as developed elsewhere. The effect of ionic interactions between peptides and membrance has been investgated by vrying pH, ionic strength of bulk, and electric potential of filtering material. The charge of both peptides and membrane plays an important role in the transmission, particularly with small size and high or lkow isoelectric point. Then, peptides with the same sign as the membrane have lower transmission than expected from the size xclusion model, whereas peptides with opposite sign have higher trnsmission than expected, and even higher than 1 with some of them. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260460307
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient and stationary operating conditions on performance of lactic acid bacteria crossflow microfiltration (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 49 (1996), S. 78-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: crossflow microfiltration ; hydrodynamics ; fouling ; bioreactor ; Lactobacillus helveticus ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A filtration rig equipped with a tubular alumina membrane was used to study the performance of crossflow microfiltration of Lactobacillus helveticus. Experiments were performed at constant permeation flux. High cell concentrations and fast transient conditions to the stationary J adversely affected permeability. Membrane fouling was due to a fast irreversible layer formation and to a reversible cell cake. This microbial deposit characteristics were dependent on the ratio permeation flux/wall shear stress, J/τw. Fouling was faster and more severe when J/τw was greater than a critical value of 1.15 L-1 · h-1 · m-2 · Pa-1. The disordered structure of this cell cake seemed to lead to a macromolecule deposit between the cells which adversely affected the membrane permeability. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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