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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The NADPH-dependent conversion of amino acids to their aldoximes is an initial step in glucosinolate biosynthesis. A number of microsomal aldoxime-forming monooxygenase activities were detected in leaves from a variety of glucosi-nolate-containing species, whereas barley, bean and tobacco leaves did not contain any such activities. The substrates for these monooxygenases in each species largely correlated with the spectrum of glucosinolates found in that species. No activity was detected that metabolized homomethionine (supposed precursor of 2-propenylglucosinolate [sinigrin]), even in species where sinigrin was the major glucosinolate. In Sinapis species containing hydroxybenzylglucosinolate (sinalbin), activity with L-Tyr was detected, whereas Brassica species containing sinalbin had no such activity. However, these Brassicas did contain an L-Phe monooxygenase activity. Partial characterization of the monooxygenases indicated that in Brassica species, Nasturtium officinalis and Raphanus sativus these resembled the flavin-linked monooxygenases previously found in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris). The L-Tyr-dependent activity in Sinapis species, and the L-Phe-dependent activity in Tropacolum majus, had characteristics of cytochrome P450-type enzymes. No similarity was found with any other known amino acid metabolizing enzymes (including decarboxylases, amino acid oxidases and diamine/polyamine oxidases).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 325 (1987), S. 614-616 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Perception of the sex pheromone in aphids is thought to be associated with the secondary rhinaria on the antennae of males4. With electrophysiological recording techniques in which single-cell preparations are used to monitor the effluent from high-resolution gas chromatography (GC-SCR)5 we have ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 204 (1964), S. 1226-1227 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Auxotrophs were induced by incubating an aerated culture of the wild type strain of Salmonella typhimurium known as 'LT-2' in 1 per cent 'Difco' nutrient broth supplemented with 200 pig/ml, of 5-bromodeoxyuridine, and the same concentration of aminopterin (to suppress the formation of thymine), for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 38 (1977), S. 99-103 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Chemical mutagen ; Mice ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; Somatic cells ; Embryos
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit dem Ziel, spezifische Lokusmutationen in somatischen Zellen bei Mäusen zu erfassen, wurde die Wirkung von Benzpyren auf die sich entwickelnden Pigmentzellen von Mäuseembryonen untersucht. Die Embryonen waren heterozygot für Gene, die die Fellfarbe bestimmen, so daß die Mutationen als Flecken bei der erwachsenen Maus festgestellt werden konnten. Wurde die trächtige Maus täglich oral mit einer Dosis von 2 mg vor dem 7. oder nach dem 10. Tag der Tragezeit behandelt, konnten keine Mutationen bei den Jungen gefunden werden. Eine Behandlung zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt zwischen dem 7. und 10. Tag induzierte Mutationen, ohne daß die Behandlung an einem dieser Tage eine erhöhte Sensitivität zeigte. Die Wirkung einer Behandlung an aufeinander folgenden Tagen scheint additiv zu sein. Es wird vorgeschlagen, noch mehr Chemikalien zu untersuchen, da Unterschiede in der Aufnahmerate und im Stoffwechsel den Zeitraum ändern könnten, in dem die mutagene Wirkung einer Behandlung entdeckt wird.
    Notes: Abstract With the object of establishing a test for specific locus mutations in the somatic cells of mice, the effect of benzo(a)pyrene on the developing pigment cells of mouse embryos was investigated. Embryos were heterozygous for genes affecting coat-colour so that mutations could be scored as spots on the adult mouse. If the pregnant female was treated, with 2 mg/day orally, before day 7 or after day 10 of pregnancy no mutations were seen in the offspring. Treatment at any time from day 7 to day 10 was effective in producing mutations with no day giving a peak response. The effect of treatment on consecutive days appears to be additive. It is suggested that further chemicals be investigated lest differing rates of uptake and metabolism should alter the period in which treatment should be given in order to detect a mutagenic effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 70 (1983), S. 254-255 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 36 (1984), S. 197-199 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphididae ; Myzus persicae ; Phorodon humuli ; Lipaphis erysimi ; alarm pheromone ; inhibitor ; (E)-β-farnesene ; (-)-β-caryophyllene ; Humulus lupulus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; tergal gland ; Lutzomyia longipalpis ; 3-methyl-α-himachalene ; homosesquiterpene ; mass spectrometry ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; nuclear magnetic resonance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The principal behaviorally active volatile component (ca. 90% +) of the sex pheromone glands ofLutzomyia longipalpis from Jacobina. Brazil, has been isolated and characterized as a novel homosesquiterpene with the structure 3-methyl-α-himachalene (C16H26). A minor component (ca. 10%) of the gland extract has also been identified as the sesquiterpeneα-himachalene (C15H24). This work confirms that there are at least 3 members of theL. longipalpis species complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Aphids ; Myzus persicae ; Homoptera ; Aphidae ; pheromone ; alarm pheromone ; behavior ; (E)-β-farnesene ; nerolidol ; dehydration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract (E)-β-Farnesene, the major component of the alarm pheromone of many aphids, is prepared in 65% yield by passing commercial nerolidol through an evacuated column of alumina, treated with pyridine, at 200° C. The product is stored without air and applied to aphids as vapor at low speed (ca. 230 mm/sec) in air or nitrogen. The response of eight economically important aphid species was assessed in the laboratory; over 90% ofMyzus persicae responded in a large scale trial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Aphid ; Megoura viciae ; Schizaphis graminum ; Acyrthosiphon pisum ; Aphis fabae ; Myzus persicae ; Hemiptera ; Aphididae ; pheromone ; alarm ; sex ; antifeedant ; attractant ; host plant ; electrophysiology ; single-cell recording ; GC-MS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The alarm pheromones are known for many species of aphids, and methods of using the synthetic pheromone to improve control of aphids by contact insecticides and biological agents have been devised. Highly active analogs have been prepared and plant-derived synergists identified. Laboratory studies on compounds obtained by chemical modification of the alarm pheromone and antifeedants derived from non-host plants have led to successful field trials against aphid-borne virus diseases in crops. Strategies for biotechnological production of aphid semiochemicals are described. The sex pheromones for a number of aphids have recently been identified. Further studies on the production, perception, and interspecific attraction of the pheromone components are described and possible uses for the sex pheromone are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Pheromone ; sex ; attractant ; aphid ; Phorodon humuli ; Homoptera ; Aphididae ; nepetalactol ; monoterpenoid ; electrophysiology ; single cell recording ; mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral studies using an olfactometer demonstrated that sexual females (oviparae) of the damson-hop aphid,Phorodon humuli, release a pheromone to which males respond. Volatiles produced by the oviparae were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography-single cell recording from the secondary rhinaria on the male antenna and showed the presence of one peak with major activity. Coupled gas chrornatography-mass spectrometry suggested a nepetalactol, which was shown to have the 4aR, 7S, 7aS stereochemistry by synthesis from the corresponding nepetalactone isolated from the labiate plantNepeta mussinii. Although the stereochemistry at carbon-1 is not yet established, a synthetic sample comprising ca. 70% 1S and 30% 1R attracted highly significant numbers of males to water traps placed within and adjacent to a hop garden. Initial studies also indicated attraction of males in both the olfactometer and in the field by volatiles from the primary host.
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