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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An analysis of entry and persistence among scientists in an emerging field of Science: The case of Neural Networks (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: The title of Table 4 on page 336 should read: “Ancova of factors that might influence respondents' decision to leave the field”.The covariaties listed in the footer to Table 4 should read: “graduation cohort, experience at present”.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1995.tb01338.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An analysis of entry and persistence among scientists in an emerging field of science: the case of neural networks (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: This paper examines the factors that influence scientists in their choice and persistence in an area of research, and compares the experience of scientists who enter a field early with those scientists who follow in their footsteps once the field becomes widely accepted. Evidence is presented from an international survey of more than seven-hundred scientists working in the field of neural networks. After controlling for cohort and experience effects, the results suggest that early entrants as a group are indeed different in both their motivations to enter and their persistence to remain in the field. In general, compared with scientists who enter late, early entrants are significantly less influenced by the social dynamics of the research community.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1995.tb00922.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Technological communities and the diffusion of knowledge: a replication and validation (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 24 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: In a previous paper, we have argued that technological communities provide a useful level of analysis to examine information and knowledge flows among researchers. Based on an international survey of more than 700 scientists and engineers engaged in the development of neural network technology, the information and knowledge exchange patterns of two important subsets of that particular technological community, i.e. academic researchers and industrial researchers, were explored. The analyses demonstrated that industrial researchers, even if they are more commercially oriented than their colleagues in academia, recognise the professional community as a relevant locus of information and knowledge. An obvious methodological need exists, though, to generalize beyond the neural networks community. This is the aim of the present paper. Based on questionnaire surveys of researchers belonging to two other technological communities, the empirical results from the neural network community study are replicated and, to a large extent, validated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1994.tb00890.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An assessment of science parks: Towards a better understanding of their role in the diffusion of technological knowledge (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: This paper examines the role of university science parks in fostering interorganizational technology transfers and technological development. We first try to contrast the development of science parks with the theoretical and empirical findings from scholarly work in the area of the management of technology. This theoretical context allows us to interpret and to discuss empirical data collected from Belgian and Dutch science park firms. The data collection mainly focused on the interactions of park-based firms with their external R&D environment. This analysis leads to two important findings: (1) the level of R&D activity at the tenants is rather moderate for most of the parks studied, and (2) the tension between ‘regionalism’ and ‘internationalism’ in contemporary R&D management.In the wake of this second finding, arguments are presented to complement and even to change the focus from the ‘miniature’ R&D network which might develop on university science parks toward the ‘R&D community’ network holding together researchers working on a particular, interrelated set of scientific and technological problems wherever they may be located around the globe. Moreover, it is argued that a unified theory on the emergence and the development of new technologies is badly needed. Only if the dynamics underlying the development of a new technology are unravelled and better understood can technology policies, such as the ones involving the creation of science parks, be targeted more effectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1991.tb00741.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Organizing for Continuous Innovation: On the Sustainability of Ambidextrous Organizations (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Creativity and innovation management 14 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8691
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Organizing for innovation does not present itself as a straightforward exercise. The complexities entailed when implementing an innovation strategy can be related directly to the multitude of objectives it comprises. Recently, several scholars have advanced the notions of semi- or quasi-structures and ambidextrous organizations to handle these multiple requirements. These organizational forms imply the simultaneous presence of different activities, exhibiting differences in technology and market maturation. As a consequence, financial returns will reflect this diversified resource allocation pattern. Moreover, as higher levels of complexity are being introduced; ambidextrous organizations will encounter additional, organizational, costs. Compared to organizations that focus on the most profitable part of the portfolio, ambidextrous organizations – ceteris paribus – tend to be inferior in terms of financial returns. Within this contribution we explore under which conditions ambidextrous organizations can outperform focused firms; considered a prerequisite for their sustainability. In order to do so, we develop an analytical framework depicting the differential value dynamics, focused and ambidextrous firms can enact. Our findings reveal the relevancy of adopting extended time frames as well as introducing interface management practices aimed at cross-fertilization. Finally, the synergetic potential of (underlying) technologies comes to the forefront as necessary in order for ambidextrous organizations to become sustainable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2005.00341.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Technological communities and the diffusion of knowledge (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: The external acquisition of technological knowledge is a central theme in research on technology management. In this paper it is argued that technological communities may provide a useful unit of analysis to study information and knowledge exchange among scientists and engineers working on a particular research agenda. Based on a worldwide survey of more than 700 individuals engaged in the research and development of neural network technology, the dynamics within that particular community are explored. The primary focus is to compare the characteristics of academic and industrial researchers, with special attention given to the timing of their entry into the field.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1992.tb00811.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Managing academic R&D as a business at K.U. Leuven: context, structure and process (2000)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    R & D management 30 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: In this paper, we elaborate on how academic R&D can be managed as a business. Based on the case of K.U. Leuven Research and Development, it is shown how an academic institution can develop the context, structure and processes conducive to managing academic R&D as a business. It is argued that universities that intend to take advantage of the economic opportunities of their R&D programmes, should leverage their innovation potential through appropriate strategies, organizational structures and management processes that allow them to manage part of their R&D portfolio as a business without hampering though the fundamental academic values and activities of research and teaching. This balancing act has been the responsibility of K.U. Leuven Research and Development for the last 28 years. It is the subject of the case study reported in this paper.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.00186
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A process view on managing quality during the creation of technical innovations: lessons from field research (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    R & D management 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Quality Management (QM) principles have left their marks on business practice for more than a decade. Amongst the many business functions that have faced the widespread introduction of QM standards and methodologies, the R&D function has been amongst the last to undergo their pervasive influence. The uncertain and ambiguous nature of the technical innovation process, most present during the conceptual and problem-solving (often R&D intensive) stages, has provided many arguments not to introduce ‘traditional’ QM approaches in R&D settings. These arguments are often based on a rather rigid and mechanistic view on QM. As recent insights show, this need not be the case. QM can offer an avenue to fundamentally scrutinize and re-think cross-functional integration strategies in innovative contexts. Therefore, the process of introducing QM principles in an R&D environment deserves close attention. This paper offers a field-based insight into these fundamental organizational and managerial issues.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.00057
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Policies to stimulate regional innovation capabilities via university–industry collaboration: an analysis and an assessment (2003)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    R & D management 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: In this paper, we demonstrate how regional economic policies to stimulate entrepreneurship and innovation, can lead to successes. More specifically, through a detailed theoretical and empirical analysis, we discuss the critical ingredients that can lead to regional innovation and economic success. These critical ingredients consist of a balanced mix based on the presence of research institutes, a texture of endogenous knowledge–intensive start–ups coupled to larger R&D–intensive incumbents, all of them embedded in a professional environment that supports business advice and services. We illustrate the effects of this mix using empirical material from various innovative regions around the world.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.00293
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Introduction (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    R & D management 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2004.00317.x
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