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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 64 (1982), S. 45-53 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: miniature Ag−AgCl electrode ; voltage clamp ; amphibian collecting duct ; ion transport ; short-circuit current ; transepithelial resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary We have developed a miniature silver-silver chloride electrode. The outer diameter of the electrodes averaged 22 μm and the input resistance 8.8 kΩ. Since the core of the electrode is a glass fiber, the problem of the extreme malleability of a small diameter silver fiber is circumvented. The properties of the electrode permit us to insert it into short (600 μm) fragments of the amphibian collecting duct while they are being perfusedin vitro. The passage of currents in the range of 0 to 6×10−8 amperes allowed us to voltage clamp the nephron fragment between +20 and −20 mV. The current-voltage plots are linear over this range. Two lines of evidence suggest that the voltage clamp is homogeneous. First, the voltage measured at the perfusion end during a voltage-clamp experiment of the tubule is not significantly different from that measured at the collecting end. Secondly, the specific resistance of collecting ducts estimated from the “core conductor analysis” is 3.3±0.8×104 Ω cm, a value not significantly different from that computed from the current-voltage plots as determined with the Ag−AgCl electrode, 3.0±0.5×104 Ω cm. This method permits precise control of both the ionic and electrical gradients across fragments of the amphibian collecting duct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: denial ; defensiveness ; coping ; blood pressure ; Marlowe-Crowne ; cardiac
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Two defensive coping styles, denial of illness and repressive coping, were studied in two groups of medical patients whose blood pressure (BP) was measured during a stress interview. Denial of illness was measured using the Levine Denial of Illness Scale (LDIS), and repressive coping was measured using a combination of the Marlowe-Crowne (MC) Social Desirability Scale and the SCL-90R anxiety subscale (ANX). Consistent with our prior research indicating that LDIS was associated with adaptive outcomes in the short run, high deniers manifested reduced systolic BP reactivity compared to low deniers. Although not related to repressive coping, systolic BP reactivity was correlated positively with MC and ANX separately. The results demonstrate that LDIS and MC measure different types of defensive coping. Current theories of the MC scale suggest two possible interpretations of the MC findings, one that focuses on avoidant coping and the second on attentional coping in high MC scorers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 190 (1986), S. 237-248 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Estivation in Protopterus is an episodic event characterized by elaboration of a cocoon as ambient water is withdrawn, a state of torpor, and distinctive cardiorespiratory and metabolic changes. Among the more striking of these features is a decrease in oxygen consumption, a complete reliance on air breathing to satisfy metabolic need, a slowing of the heart rate, and a drop in blood pressure. The initiating mechanism for these dramatic changes is not known. As yet, specific “estivating factors” have not been identified. However, the pattern of decrease in oxygen uptake during estivation and starvation are quite similar, suggesting that a common factor may be involved in both. Attempts to implicate suppression of thyroid function in the onset of estivation have been unconvincing. Although initiating mechanisms for estivation in Protopterus remain uncertain, once estivation sets in a variety of adaptive changes occur that enable the estivating lungfish to survive for months to years without ingesting food or water. Among these are oliguria and a shift in metabolic pathways. Although estivation in Protopterus has been characterized with respect to cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters, no attempt is made to extrapolate from the biologic processes in Protopterus to other lepidosirenid lungfish or to other genera.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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