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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure of Phenol to remove Residual Protein from Hyaluronic Acid (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 207 (1965), S. 1389-1389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Preliminary experiments showed that a single extraction would remove 80 per cent of the protein present in the filtrate obtained from synovial fluid (measured by extinction at 280 m[x after removing the phenol). Hyaluronic acid (measured as glucuronic acid by the method of Bitter and Muir5) was not ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2071389a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF DILTIAZEM, VERAPAMIL AND DANTROLENE ON THE CONTRACTILITY OF ISOLATED MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIA-SUSCEPTIBLE HUMAN SKELETAL MUSCLE (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 16 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Diltiazem (10 μmol/L) and verapamil (10 μmol/L) inhibited the hypercontractility induced by 3% halothane and 2 mmol/L caffeine in malignant hyperpyrexia susceptible (MHS) muscle. Diltiazem also inhibited 80 mmol/L KCl contractures.2. Like the skeletal muscle relaxant dantrolene sodium (6 μmol/L), diltiazem not only prevented but reversed the abnormal contractures induced by halothane and caffeine.3. The effect on caffeine contractures of diltiazem and dantrolene in combination was additive.4. The ability of diltiazem and verapamil to inhibit the hypercontractility of MHS muscle suggests that Ca2+ influx across the transverse tubular membrane may be important in the aetiology of the malignant hyperpyrexia syndrome.5. These results also suggest an abnormality in transverse tubule—sarcoplasmic reticulum communication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01518.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF THE CALCIUM ION ANTAGONIST 8-(N,N-DIETHYLAMINO)-OCTYL-3,4,5-TRIMETHOXYBENZOATEON MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIA-SUSCEPTIBLE PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 10 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. In malignant hyperpyrexia susceptible (MHS) porcine skeletal muscle, a low concentration (100 μmol/1) of the calcium ion antagonist 8-(N,N-diethyl-amino)-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (TMB-8) inhibited KCl-induced contractures, but potentiated contractures induced by halothane, caffeine and succinylcholine.2. Higher concentrations of TMB-8 (333 μmol/1 to 1 mmol/1) contracted MHS muscle, but had little effect on muscle tension in control preparations.3. Treatments which inhibit excitation-contraction coupling abolished TMB-8-induced hyper-reactivity in MHS muscle.4. TMB-8 (50 μmol/1 and 1 mmol/1) did not alter 45Ca2+ levels in actively loaded microsomal preparations from MHS swine.5. These results suggest that in malignant hyperpyrexia the primary abnormality occurs proximal to the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, probably at the level of excitation-contraction coupling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00227.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CALMODULIN-ANTAGONIST DRUGS AND PORCINE MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIA (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 15 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Landrace swine were identified as malignant hyperpyrexia susceptible (MHS) or control by the contracture responses of gracilis muscle fibre bundles to 3% halothane, 2 mmol/l caffeine and 80 mmol/l KCI. The effects of calmodulin-antagonist drugs on the contractile behaviour of control and MHS preparations were investigated in vitro.2. Calmodulin-antagonists at micromolar concentrations induced contracture in both control and MHS muscle. Pretreatment of MHS muscle with calmodulin-antagonist drugs potentiated its response to halothane and caffeine.3. These results suggest that calmodulin-antagonist drugs cause an increase in myoplasmic Ca2+ concentration in both control and MHS muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01103.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PROPOFOL ANAESTHESIA IN MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIA SUSCEPTIBLE SWINE (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 19 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Malignant hyperpyrexia (MH) is an inherited muscle abnormality that presents clinically as a syndrome of life-threatening complications during general anaesthesia.2. Propofol is a new sedative hypnotic used for the induction and maintenance of anaesthesia.3. Propofol did not induce MH in five susceptible pigs. Propofol did not induce contracture in isolated MH susceptible muscle but did modify halothane, caffeine and KCl contractures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1992.tb00436.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF AZUMOLENE ON HYPERCONTRACTILITY AND SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CA2+-DEPENDENT ATPASE ACTIVITY OF MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIASUSCEPTIBLE PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 18 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Azumolene sodium is a new water-soluble derivative of dantrolene sodium that also acts as a skeletal-muscle relaxant.2. Azumolene (6 μmol/L) inhibited the hypercontractility induced separately by 3% halothane, 2 mmol/L caffeine and 80 mmol/L potassium chloride in isolated malignant hyperpyrexia (MH)-susceptible muscle. Azumolene was equipotent with dantrolene in inhibiting the abnormal responses.3. Like dantrolene, azumolene (6 μmol/L) not only prevented but reversed the abnormal contractures induced by halothane and caffeine. Contracture responses to caffeine were also modified by azumolene in control preparations.4. In the presence of maximal effective concentrations of dantrolene, azumolene failed to further relax caffeine-induced contractures, and the converse was also true. This was observed in both MH-susceptible and control preparations.5. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity from MH-susceptible and control muscle was not affected by azumolene.6. Like dantrolene, azumolene may inhibit Ca2+ release directly from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and be of therapeutic value for the treatment of MH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1991.tb01482.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF OXYTOCIN ON PORCINE MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIA SUSCEPTIBLE SKELETAL MUSCLE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 14 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Certain commercial preparations of oxytocin have been reported to reverse the development of pale soft exudative meat and malignant hyperpyrexia (MH) in pigs in vitro.2. In this study it is shown that preservative-free oxytocin has no significant effect on the characteristic contractures of MH susceptible (MHS) muscle to halothane, caffeine, succinylcholine and KCl in vitro.3. Whilst a commercial preparation of oxytocin, Syntocinon (containing chlorbutol as preservative), reversed and prevented the MHS characteristic responses, this study demonstrates conclusively that this was entirely due to the preservative chlorbutol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb01880.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the action of caffeine, halothane, potassium chloride and procaine on normal human skeletal muscle (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 1 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY 1. The effects of caffeine, halothane, potassium chloride and procaine have been studied on normal human skeletal muscle in vitro. Particular emphasis has been given to the role played by extracellular calcium ions in producing these effects.2. Caffeine produces a concentration-dependent contracture probably by stimulating the release of calcium ions from the calcium storing membranes of the muscle cell.3. Halothane potentiates the contractures produced by caffeine and potassium chloride probably by facilitating the release of calcium from the storage membranes.4. Potassium chloride produces a contracture only in the presence of caffeine or halothane.5. Procaine inhibits all the contractures studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1974.tb00542.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SOURCES OF CALCIUM FOR CONTRACTION OF GUINEA-PIG ISOLATED TRACHEAL SMOOTH MUSCLE (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 8 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Contractile responses of guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle to KC1, histamine, acetylcholine and prostaglandins were reduced after the removal of extracellular Ca2+ from the bathing medium.2. KCl-induced contractures were more dependent on extracellular Ca2+ than acetylcholine-induced responses, but less so than histamine-induced contractures.3. Responses to high concentrations of contractile agents were less dependent on extracellular Ca2+ than those to low concentrations.4. Repeated additions of histamine or acetylcholine in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ resulted in progressively smaller contractile responses.5. Treatment of tracheal muscle with EGTA considerably inhibited drug-induced contractures and abolished the response to KCl.6. It is concluded that contractile responses of guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle involve both the influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space and release of Ca2+ from intracellular sites. The relative contributions of these two Ca2+ sources depend on both the contractile agent and its concentration. Intracellular Ca2+ stores may be depleted by treatment with EGTA, or by repeated drug additions in the absence of extracellular calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1981.tb00149.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DRUG INTERACTIONS IN CAT ISOLATED TRACHEAL SMOOTH MUSCLE (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 6 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The interactions between some drugs that contract and relax airways smooth muscle have been investigated in the cat isolated trachea.2. Isoprenaline and theophylline inhibited serotonin-elicited contractions more than acetylcholine-mediated responses. This was observed both in terms of the degree of inhibition and the concentration of the relaxant drug producing this inhibition.3. The acetylcholine- and serotonin-induced contractions were inhibited more by theophylline than by isoprenaline. Isoprenaline displaced acetylcholine and serotonin response curves to the right whereas theophylline caused a flattening of the curves.4. Isoprenaline was more effective in inhibiting serotonin contractions than acetylcholine contractions when the tracheas were bathed in K+ depolarizing solution, suggesting that the difference in the susceptibility of serotonin and acetylcholine contractions to isoprenaline was not dependent on the electrical membrane potential.5. Isoprenaline inhibited the tonic component of acetylcholine contractions more than the phasic component.6. The differences in the pharmacological responses to the contractile and relaxant drugs in cat tracheal preparations provide further examples in smooth muscle of different mechanisms by which acetylcholine and serotonin induce contraction and isoprenaline and theophylline relaxation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1979.tb01246.x
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