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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 143 (1974), S. 185-203 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Basement membrane labyrinths ; Cerebral ventricles ; Development ; Rat ; Light and Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Gehirne embryonaler und neugeborener Ratten wurden im Hinblick auf die frühe Entstehung der Basalmembranlabyrinthe licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. 1. An den Hirngefäßen embryonaler Ratten der 2. und 3. Fetalwoche kommen zwar bereits Basalmembranen vor, sub- oder interependymale Basalmembranlabyrinthe fehlen aber noch. 2. Basalmembranlabyrinthe werden mit der Perjodsäure-Bisulfit-Aldehydthionin-Methode lichtmikroskopisch ab dem 20. Tag an umschriebenen Stellen des Ventrikelsystems gefunden; elektronenmikroskopisch treten die ersten Basalmembranlabyrinthe am 12. postnatalen Tag auf. 3. Die ersten interependymalen Labyrinthe erscheinen in Erweiterung der interependymalen Spalten in der Nähe von ausgedehnten Golgifeldern. Der Labyrinthinhalt besteht aus einer feinflockigen Substanz. Diese liegt wolkenartig angehäuft gegenüber bogenförmigen Ausbuchtungen lokal verbreiterter Zellmembranen. In Ausbildung begriffene Labyrinthe zeigen eine lamelläre Gliederung. 4. Ab dem 12. postnatalen Tag treten auch an den Basalmembranen der pericapillären Zellen, in denen lichtmikroskopisch Glykoproteide nachweisbar sind, zapfenartige Duplikaturen auf. Die Zapfen sind überwiegend ependymwärts gerichtet. Verbindungen zwischen den Basalmembranzapfen und den interependymalen Basalmembranlabyrinthen werden in den ersten 30 Lebenstagen nicht gefunden. 5. Sowohl an den die interependymalen Labyrinthe begrenzenden Plasmalemmata als auch am Plasmalemm der pericapillären Zellen fallen Stachelsaumbläschen auf, deren Membran in die Zellwand eingebaut wird. Ihr Inhalt scheint in die entstehenden Labyrinthe entleert zu werden. 6. Da sich an den tubulären Enden der Doppellamellen der Dictyosomen Strukturen befinden, die den Stachelsaumbläschen morphologisch gleichen, und da im Bereich des Golgifeldes und im Cytoplasma zwischen diesem und der Zellwand zahlreiche Stachelsaumbläschen liegen, wird angenommen, daß das Material der Basalmembranlabyrinthe dem Golgiapparat entstammt und vermittels der Stachelsaumbläschen zur Zellwand transportiert wird. Bogenförmige Ausbuchtungen lokal verbreiterter Zellmembranen im Bereich entstehender Labyrinthe werden als Reste von Stachelsaumbläschen aufgefaßt, deren Membran in die Zellwand eingebaut wurde. 7. Da die phylogenetische Zunahme des Hirnmantels mit einem Verlust der langen in das Gehirn reichenden basalen Ependymfortsätze an den größten Teilen der Ventrikelwand einhergeht und niedere Tiere noch nicht über Basalmenbranlabyrinthe verfügen, wird angenommen, daß diese die Transportfunktion für Stoffe aus dem Liquor übernommen haben, die vordem nach allgemeiner Auffassung über die langen Fortsätze in das Gehirn gelangten.
    Notes: Summary The brains of embryonic and new-born rats were investigated by means of light- and electron microscopy with regard to the early formation of basement membrane labyrinths. 1. Though basement membranes are already found around the brain capillaries of embryonic rats from the 2nd week of pregnancy, sub- and interependymal basement membrane labyrinths are still absent. 2. Basement membrane labyrinths, being demonstrable for light microscopy by a periodicacid-bisulfite-aldehydethionin-method, appear around the 20th day after birth at certain places of the ventricular system. By means of electron microscopy, basement membrane labyrinths have first been detected at the 12th postnatal day. 3. The earliest interependymal basement membrane labyrinths are found in enlargements of the interependymal spaces near a distended Golgi apparatus. The contents of the labyrinths, being composed of a loose flocculent material, are of a lamellar structure. In the intercellular space the material is situated opposite bow-shaped excavations of local broadenings of cell membranes. 4. From the 12th postnatal day, plug-like duplications of basement membranes occur at the ependymal side of the pericapillar cells, which contain glycoproteids. The plugs of basement membranes are directed towards the ependymal layer. No connections between the interependymal basement membrane labyrinths and the plugs of pericapillary basement membranes exist within the first 30 days of life. 5. At the plasmalemma of ependymal cells bordering the interependymal labyrinths, and at the cell membrane of pericapillary cells, coated vesicles are to be found, which are fused with the cell membrane. The contents of these vesicles seem to be released into the developing labyrinths. 6. At the tubular ends of dictyosomes, coated vesicle-like structures can be demonstrated. In the environment of the Golgi apparatus many coated vesicles are situated; they can even be found between the Golgi apparatus and the walls of labyrinthś. Therefore the coated vesicles are considered to be transport vesicles, transporting the material which is formed in the Golgi apparatus towards the cell membrane. 7. Since the phylogenetic increase of the brain mantle is accompanied by loss of the long processes of ependymal cells that reach far into the brain, and since lower animals have no basement membrane labyrinths, it is suggested that the basement membrane labyrinths have a transport functions for material from the cerebrospinal fluid which in lower animals is assumed to be transported by the long processes of ependymal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 31 (1975), S. 153-159 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Directly under the ependyma, and between the ependymal cells, there are basement membranes which form labyrinths connecting with the perivascular basement membranes of the subependymal vessels. The basement membranes exhibit differences in form, position, and distribution, and they can be distended by fluid absorption into large lacunae. The membranes can be identified as glycoprotein and glylcolipid substances. Electron microscopic studies have shown the differences between the basement membrane labyrinths of the human, the rabbit and the rat. In the human, the labyrinths contain isolated collagen fibrils. Basement membranes generally line all connective tissue spaces and form their interstitial borders. From this point of view, the subependymal basement membrane labyrinths can be seen as interstitial spaces near the ventricles, forming pathways between the ependyma and the subependymal capillaries or postcapillary veins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 132 (1972), S. 217-229 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Basement membrane labyrinths ; Spinal cord ; Central canal ; Rat ; Light- and Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wand des Zentralkanals im Rückenmark der weißen Ratte enthält zahlreiche Basalmembranlabyrinthe; ihre Zahl nimmt in caudaler Richtung deutlich zu. Die Perjodsäure-Bisulfit-Aldehydthionin-Färbung (Specht) gestattet ihren lichtmikroskopischen Nachweis. Die Labyrinthe stehen in Verbindung mit den Basalmembranen der kanalnahen Kapillaren. Sie können auch elektronenmikroskopisch identifiziert werden; ihre Struktur gleicht der der Basalmembranen der Gefäße. Die funktionelle Bedeutung der Basalmembranlabyrinthe wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The wall of the central canal of the spinal cord of the white rat contains numerous basement membrane labyrinths, their number increasing towards the end of the canal. The period-acid-bisulfit-aldehydethionine-method (Specht) permits their light microscopic finding. They are in connection with the basement membranes of the capillaries situated near the canal. The basement membrane labyrinths can be identified by electron microscopy; their structure is similar to that of basement membranes of the capillaries. The functional significance of these structures is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 132 (1972), S. 553-562 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Basement membrane ; Brain ventricles ; Rat ; Subependymal labyrinths ; Light- and electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit der Perjodsäure-Bisulfit-Aldehydthionin-Färbung (Specht) lassen sich am ganzen Ventrikelsystem des Rattengehirns sub- und interependymale Strukturen lichtmikroskopisch nachweisen, die elektronenmikroskopisch als Basalmembranlabyrinthe (BML) identifiziert werden können. Verschiedene Formen dieser BML lassen sich unterscheiden. Sie stehen in Verbindung mit subependymalen Kapillaren. Die Verteilung der BML wird in Ventrikelkarten dokumentiert.
    Notes: Summary Sub- und interependymal structures, being demonstrable by a period-acid-bisulfit-aldehydthionine-method (Specht), occur in the whole ventricular system by light microscopy. They can be identified electron microscopically as basement membrane labyrinths (BML). Different shapes of these BML can be distinguished. They are in communication with the basement membrane of subependymal capillaries. The distribution of BML is documented in “ventricular maps”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 189 (1978), S. 479-495 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Rhombencephalic recess (rat) ; Ependyma ; Circumventricular organs ; Light and electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rhombencephalic recess, an ependymal organ, has been studied for the first time by light- and electron microscopy. It is situated mediosagittally on the floor of the rhomboid fossa at the level of the colliculus facialis. The recess and the superimposed tissue are built up by tanycytes, their apices being connected by tight junctions. HRP horseradish-peroxidase , injected into the c.s.f. cerebrospinal fluid , does not penetrate into the intercellular clefts of the recess area. The recess area reveals a certain autonomy regarding its supply with arteries and capillaries. A bloodbrain barrier exists, but shows slight leakage in circumscribed areas as a result of intense transendothelial vesicular transport. The organization of the recess area is compared with that of other ependymal organs, especially circumventricular organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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