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  • 1
    ISSN: 0303-7207
    Keywords: Carbohydrate moiety ; Epitope mapping ; Glycoprotein hormone ; Microheterogeneity ; Monoclonal antibody
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Eutopic production ; Human chorionic gonadotropin ; Human testis ; Luteinizing hormone
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0047-6374
    Keywords: Aging ; Human glycoprotein hormones ; Monoclonal antibodies ; SENIEUR protocol ; Time-resolved immunoflourometric assays
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims : Imatinib mesylate specifically inhibits KIT tyrosine kinase activity, and has been proven to be effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Because other KIT-expressing malignancies might benefit from Imatinib therapy, we evaluated the distribution and expression of KIT in 1166 cases of malignant lymphoma.Materials and results : Tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing 824 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 342 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) cases were immunohistochemically analysed for the expression of the KIT protein. Two KIT-positive NHLs were sequenced using polymerase chain reaction analysis. One T-cell lymphoma and one follicular lymphoma of the 747 NHL cases (0.3%) were positive for KIT. All HLs were Kit-negative. None of the KIT-positive cases showed a kit gene mutation.Conclusions : KIT expression is a very rare event in NHL and virtually absent in HL. In the few positive cases, the aberrant expression is not caused by a mutation in the ‘hot-spots’ of the kit gene, indicating that treatment of these tumours with Imatinib may be ineffective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the commonest type of lymphoid tumour world-wide. This category was included both in the REAL and WHO Classification aiming to lump together all malignant lymphomas characterized by the large size of the neoplastic cells, B-cell derivation, aggressive clinical presentation, and the need for highly effective chemotherapy regimens. These tumours are detected as primary or secondary forms both at the nodal and extranodal levels, in immunocompetent hosts as well as in patients with different types of immunosuppression. They display a significant variability in terms of cell morphology and clinical findings, which justifies the identification of variants and subtypes. Among the latter, the primary mediastinal one does actually correspond to a distinct clinicopathological entity. Immunophenotypic, tissue microarray and molecular studies underline the extreme heterogeneity of DLBCLs and suggest a subclassification of the tumour, based on the identification of different pathogenic pathways, which might have much greater relevance than pure morphology for precise prognostic previsions and adoption of ad hoc therapies. The more recent acquisitions on the pathobiology of DLBCLs are reviewed in the light of the authors' experience, aiming to contribute to the existing debate on the topic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Urothelkarzinom ; Carcinoma in situ ; Harnblase ; Urinzytologie ; Key words Transitional cell carcinoma ; Carcinoma in situ ; Urinary bladder ; Urinary cytology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The surgical pathology of biopsies or electro-resection specimens taken from clinically sus-picious or overt tumors in the urinary bladder encompasses the evaluation of a few parameters. This should allow the segregation of bladder tumor patients into subgroups with distinct clinical features and biological behavior, thus providing a rationale for choos-ing the best available therapy. In essence, the pathologist’s role entails a careful morphologic assessment of the primary tumor, including evaluation of the histologic type, the growth pattern, the tumor grade, the tumor stage, and finally the presence and type of primary or tumor-associated flat intraurothelial lesions. Whereas the growth pattern of a lesion can be readily recognized, the correct grading and staging of papillary tumors are often more dependent on the complexity of the individual case and the experience of the pathologist due to the inherent subjectivity of the field and a lack of standardized criteria. These problems of intra- and interobserver variability are intimately cou-pled with the characteristics of the material, that is, bad orientation and tangential sectioning, thermal injury, crush and fixation artifacts, and limitations of the size of the samples. The correct evaluation and interpretation of flat intraurothelial lesions suffer from similar difficulties and are further complicated by a confusing categorization and terminology. Although new modalities and molec-ular approaches have been introduced in recent years in an effort to overcome some of these obstacles, morphology still remains the most effective means to assess the bio-logical behavior and prognosis of urothelial bladder cancer. The present article therefore addresses some of the diagnostically and clinically most relevant controversies and aims to give some useful hints for the evaluation of the above-mentioned morpho-logical parameters. In addition, it adds some remarks on the morphological basis and diag-nostic validity of urinary cytology in primary diagnosis and, more importantly, monitoring of bladder cancer patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Alltag des Pathologen im Umgang mit Gewebeproben aus der Harnblase bei klinischem Tumorverdacht oder bei eindeutig verifizierten Neoplasien wird durch wenige, aber vielfach nicht einfach lösbare Fragen und Probleme bestimmt, die für den betroffenen Patienten von wesentlicher prognostischer und therapeutischer Bedeutung sind. Für urotheliale Tumoren sind dies im wesentlichen die verbindliche histologische Diagnose des Wachstumsmusters, die Feststellung von Malignitätsgrad und Stadium und die Präsenz primärer oder tumorassoziierter intraurothelialer Neoplasien bzw. deren Abgrenzung von reaktiven Urothelveränderungen. Während die Diagnose exophytischer, solid infiltrierender und flacher Urothelläsionen zumeist wenig Schwierigkeiten bereitet, unterliegen das verläßliche und reproduzierbare Grading und Staging von Urothelkarzinomen oftmals mehr der Subjektivität und Erfahrung des Befunders als nachvollziehbaren und standardisierten Kriterien. Die Art der Biopsie- bzw. Gewebeentnahme – in den meisten Fällen durch eine Elektroresektion der Läsion – macht diese Aufgaben nicht gerade leichter. Die gleichen Problemfelder ergeben sich übrigens auch für die histologische Diagnostik intraurothelialer Veränderungen, zusätzlich kompliziert durch eine verwirrende Terminologie. Der vorliegende Artikel versucht, einige dieser diagnostisch und klinisch relevanten Kontroversen aufzugreifen und zumindest für die oben genannten Bereiche praktisch nützliche Hinweise zu geben. Ergänzt wird dieser Versuch durch eine knappe Zusammenfassung der Grundlagen und Wertigkeit der Urin- und Blasenspülzytologie, die weniger in der Primärdiagnostik als vielmehr in der Nachsorge und Überwachung von Tumorpatienten ihre sinn-volle Anwendung findet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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