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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Vein, mesenteric, varices ; Intestine, hemorrhage ; Small bowel enema
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chronic nonischemic disturbance of mesenteric venous blood flow is reported in 11 patients with a mean age of 19 years. This entity, rarely discussed n the literature, is different from acute thrombosis and chronic thrombotic forms with portal hypertension or hypercoagulopathy. In eight patients this syndrome was secondary to organic lesions of different origin: mesenteric vein squeezed by fibrous bands or an abnormal jejunal artery (four cases), lymphoma involving the distal superior mesenteric veins (three cases), hemangioma causing microthrombi (one case). In three patients no etiology or predisposing factor was found. All patients presented with rectal hemorrhage. Small bowel enema showed a constant pattern in 11 patients: small nodules, modified by compression or peristalsis, involving the mesenteric border of the jejunoileal segment, and associated with thick, straight but regular folds. Mesenteric varices were suspected and led to angiographic studies which were normal in three cases, confirmed varices in eight cases, and thrombosis in four cases. Laparotomy was normal in three cases and established the etiological diagnosis in eight cases. Varices were shown in six cases. Arteriography and laparotomy were unable to reach a complete diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Image analysis ; display ; processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dry printing of medical images, without photochemicals, may be based on the principle of thermal dye diffusion. The Drystar (Agfa Gevaert, Mortsel, Belgium) system was evaluated in colour-coded Doppler examinations of the carotid arteries. A total of 25 consecutive patients were examined for the colour test and 37 patients for the black-and-white test. Colour and black-and-white data were available on the same view. The performances of the Drystar were tested against laser films, matrix films and two types of glossy paper using the following criteria: grey scale, colour scale, quality of reproduction of vascular colouring, registration, endothelial layer, intraluminal echogenicity, spectral resolution, and artefacts. The overall handiness of the document was graded. A significant difference (p = 0.00 005) was noted in favour of the Drystar concerning registration, grey scale, spectral resolution and vascular colouring. The global score for handiness of the colour film was 96%. Radiologists preferred the colour hard copy as compared with glossy paper prints. As in the black-and-white test, blue-base and clear-base films obtained with the Drystar were rated inferior to laser films, a double line print mode was included in the printer, giving a density of 2.3 OD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Chondromalacia ; Cartilage ; MR imaging ; CT arthrography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of fat-suppressed fast low-angle shot (FLASH) 3D MR imaging in the detection of patellar cartilage surface lesions in comparison with CT arthrography. Fifty patients, with or without symptoms of chondromalacia, were prospectively examined by CT arthrography and fat-suppressed 3D gradient-echo MR imaging. All MR examinations were evaluated by three observers, two of them reaching a consensus interpretation. The lesions were graded according to their morphology and their extent. The CT arthrography was considered as the reference examination. For both sets of observers, the final diagnosis of chondromalacia was obtained in 92.5 %. The specificity was 60 % on a patient-by-patient basis. Fissures were missed in 83 and 60 %, respectively, but were isolated findings only in 2.5 % of the cases. Considering ulcers involving more than 50 % of the cartilage thickness, 65 and 88 %, respectively, were recognized. Fat-suppressed FLASH 3D is an adequate pulse sequence for the detection of patellar cartilage ulcers. It can be applied on a routine clinical basis, but it does not show as many fissures as CT arthrography and is less precise for grading of lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 176-179 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Pseudoaneurysm ; Pulmonary arteries ; Therapeutic blockade ; Candidosis ; Lung ; Hemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report the case of a 32-year-old female presenting with two pulmonary artery false aneurysms of mycotic origin. Considering the natural history and potential complications, we treated the patient by intrasaccular embolization with steel coils. No complication occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 45-48 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Accessory cardiac bronchus ; Bronchi ; Abnormalities ; Three-dimensional CT ; Lung anatomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Accessory cardiac bronchus (ACB) has been described mainly as isolated case reports in the literature. We report nine consecutive cases of ACB, which occurred in five males and four females and were detected in 11,159 routine spiral CT examinations of the chest, performed between 1994 and 1998. Frequency of the anomaly was 0.08 %. Accessory cardiac bronchus originated from the intermediate bronchus in eight cases and from the right main bronchus in one case. Mean largest diameter of ACB was 8.7 mm (range 4.0–13.8 mm) and mean length was 11.9 mm (range 4.2–23.4 mm). An abnormal pulmonary artery was observed in one case. Six bronchi presented with a blind distal extremity and three showed a ventilated lobulus with a mean largest diameter of 37.5 mm (range 18.6–62.0 mm). All ACBs were documented by 3D shaded-surface display (SSD) and virtual endobronchial navigation, which may facilitate the diagnosis. The literature was reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 244-249 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreas ; CT ; Injuries ; Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In order to describe the CT findings in pancreatic injury and to evaluate the sensitivity of this technique, we performed a retrospective study. During a 5-year period (1993–1997), eight patients (five males and three females; age range 10–47 years) were investigated with CT. Endoscopicretrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was obtained in two patients, pre- and intra-operatively, respectively. Among the standard laboratory tests obtained at admission, the value of serum amylase was reviewed. The imaging findings, especially those obtained with CT, were correlated with the surgical findings, when available (in seven of eight patients). At admission, diagnosis of pancreatic injury was missed at CT in three of eight patients (37.5 %); thus, the sensitivity of CT for pancreatic injury was 62.5 %. ERCP showed rupture of the pancreatic duct in the two cases in which it was performed. Serum amylase was elevated at admission in four of eight patients, resulting in a sensitivity of 50 %. After surgery, an enterocutaneous fistula developed in one case, and was managed conservatively. One patient died from brain injury. Proper implementation of the CT technique and accurate film reading is mandatory to establish the diagnosis of pancreatic contusion. No correlation between CT features and type of outcome of surgical management could be established. On retrospective review of the CT examinations, it appeared that two of the three false-negative results could have been avoided. Therefore, proper CT technique and accurate film reading are mandatory in establishing the diagnosis of pancreatic injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 4 (1994), S. 332-336 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Spine ; Synovial cysts ; CT ; MRI ; Gadolinium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intraspinal synovial cysts were diagnosed in six patients during a 5-year period and retrospectively studied. Plain films of the lumbar spine showed degenerative changes in all patients. Lumbar myelography showed a posterior and lateral defect caused by extradural compression. Using CT without constrast enhancement established the diagnosis in five of the six-patients. in four cases MRI was performed, three before and after injection of gadolinium diethyline-triamine penta-acetic acid )Gd-DTPA). Including the patient with a false negative CT, MRI was positive in all patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 1317-1320 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Lung ; Neoplasms ; Biopsy CT ; Helical CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate in a prospective and randomized study spiral versus sequential scanning in the guidance of percutaneous lung biopsy. Fifty thoracic lesions occurring in 48 patients were biopsied by a senior and a junior operator. Six different time segments of the procedure were measured. Scanning mode versus length of procedure, pathological results, irradiation and complications were evaluated. Total duration of the procedure and of the first sampling was significantly longer with spiral CT for the senior operator (p 〈 0.004). No significant time difference was observed for the junior operator. Diameter of the lesion, depth of location, position of the patient and needle entry site did not influence the results. The sensitivity was 90.9, specificity 100, positive predictive value 100 and negative predictive value 60 % for spiral CT, and 94.7, 100, 100 and 85.7 % for sequential CT, respectively. Eleven pneumothoraces and ten perinodular hemorrhages were seen with spiral CT and six and ten, respectively, with sequential CT. The mean dose of irradiation was 4027 mAs for spiral CT and 2358 mAs for conventional CT. Spiral CT does neither reduce procedure time nor the rate of complications. Pathological results do not differ compared with sequential CT, and total dose of irradiation is higher with spiral scanning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Cerebral aneurysms ; CT ; Angiography ; Comparative studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of our study was to compare selective arterially enhanced spiral computed tomographs (ACT) with digital subtraction angiographies (DSA) in the presurgical assessment of cerebral aneurysms. A total of 24 aneurysms in 18 patients were explored in a prospective study by ACT and DSA, using an interactive combined CT-angiography suite. Dimensions of the aneurysm, its relation to the parent vessel, and the aneurysmal index were defined on DSA and on surface-shaded display of 3D reformatted images obtained from ACT. Results were correlated with surgical findings. Three aneurysms suspected on DSA were not confirmed by ACT. One fusiform aneurysm suspected on DSA corresponded to a sacciform aneurysm on ACT. Surgical findings confirmed 20 sacciform aneurysms. The aneurysmal index could be measured in all 20 cases of sacciform aneurysms on ACT and could not be determined with confidence in 55 % of the cases on DSA. DSA and ACT gave identical results in 35 % of cases. In 10 %, the index measured by ACT was superior to that determined by DSA for aneurysms which had a diameter of less than 3 mm. In conclusion, the combination of DSA and ACT improved the results of DSA alone. ACT is a reliable method to measure the aneurysmal index in aneurysms with a diameter superior to 3 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 445-448 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreatic fistula ; Cutaneous fistula ; Pancreatic ducts ; Radiography ; Interventional procedures ; Percutaneous drainage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to describe catheterization techniques and report the results of percutaneous drainage of external pancreatic fistulas. Twenty patients with external pancreatic fistulas in whom medical therapy had failed, were referred for radiologically guided treatment. Fifteen patients had postoperative and five primary fistulas. Sixteen were high-output fistulas (H-OF) and four were low-output fistulas (L-OF). All patients were treated percutaneously. Percutaneous catheter drainage was successful in 16 of 20 patients (80 %). The fistula healed in 13 of 15 postoperative cases (86.6 %) and in three of five primary fistulas (60 %). Treatment was successful in 14 of 16 patients (87.5 %) with H-OF and in two of four patients with L-OF. Percutaneous catheterization of the pancreatic ducts was successful in eight of 20 patients (40 %); seven of these patients were cured. Catheterization was not achieved in 12 patients and treatment failed in three (25 %). Conservative treatment of external pancreatic fistulas with percutaneous catheter-directed drainage is thus a reasonable alternative to surgery, particularly in patients with H-OF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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