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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 680 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 77 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme of dopamine and (nor)adrenaline biosynthesis. Regulation of its gene expression is complex and different regulatory mechanisms appear to be operative in various neuronal lineages. Pitx3, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor, has been cloned from neuronal tissues and, in the CNS, mouse Pitx3 is exclusively expressed in midbrain dopaminergic (MesDA) neurons from embryonic day 11 (E11). TH appears in these neurons at E11.5, consistent with a putative role of Pitx3 in TH transcription. We show that Pitx3 activates the TH promoter through direct interaction with a single high-affinity binding site within the promoter and that this site is sufficient for Pitx3 responsiveness. In contrast, we did not observe an effect of Nurr1, an orphan nuclear receptor essential for normal development of MesDA neurons, on TH promoter activity. Pitx3 activation of TH promoter activity appears to be cell-dependent suggesting that Pitx3 action may be modulated by other(s) regulatory mechanism(s) and factor(s).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A rat pronatriodilatin cDNA clone13 was used as probe to isolate the human pronatriodilatin (hPND) gene from a human genomic DNA library18. A recombinant phage (AhPNDlS) containing approximately 14 kilobases (kb) of human DNA was isolated. Restriction endonuclease cleavage sites were mapped in the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 610-613 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Restriction enzyme cleavage map of the cloned rat POMC gene. A rat genomic DNA library was constructed by cloning, in the bacteriophage ? vector Charon 4A (rf. 35), fragments of rat (Long-Evans) DNA produced by partial digestion with the restriction enzymes Haelll and Alul10. This library ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Protein tyrosine phosphatase σ (PTP-σ, encoded by the Ptprs gene) is a member of the LAR subfamily of receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases that is highly expressed during mammalian embryonic development in the germinal cell layer lining the lateral ventricles of the developing brain, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: C-type natriuretic peptide ; natriuretic peptide receptor-B ; guanylyl cyclase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the isolation of a 3,276 base pair cDNA for the bovine natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B). Expression of this clone in Cos-P cells demonstrates that it encodes an agonist-dependent guanylyl cyclase. Porcine CNP stimulates the activity of this receptor up to 200-fold with an ED50 of 12±2 nM, whereas brain natriuretic peptide C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) are less efficacious. In addition, ligand binding studies indicate that this receptor exhibits the pharmacology appropriate for the bovine NPR-B. CNP binds to Cos-P cell membranes expressing this clone with a Kd of 13±1 pM, and natriuretic peptides compete for [125I]-CNP binding with a rank order of pCNP〉pBNP〉rANF. Thus, the expressed receptor-guanylyl cyclase exhibits the expected pharmacological profile for ligand binding and cyclase activation of the bovine NPR-B receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Ptx1 belongs to an expanding family of bicoid-related vertebrate homeobox genes. These genes, like their Drosophila homolog, seem to play a role in the development of anterior structures and, in particular, the brain and facies. We report the chromosomal localization of mouse Ptx1, and the cloning, sequencing, and chromosomal localization of the human homolog PTX1. The putative encoded proteins share 100% homology in the homeodomain and are 88% and 97% conserved in the N- and C-termini respectively. Intron/exon boundaries are also conserved. Murine Ptx1 was localized, by interspecific backcrossing, to Chr 13 within 2.6 cM of Caml. The gene resides centrally on Chromosome (Chr) 13 in a region syntenic with human Chr 5q. Subsequent analysis by fluorescent in situ hybridization places the human gene, PTX1, on 5q31, a region associated with Treacher Collins Franceschetti Syndrome. Taken together with the craniofacial expression pattern of Ptx1 during early development, the localization of the gene in this chromosomal area is consistent with an involvement in Treacher Collins Franceschetti Syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: pro-opiomelanocortin ; DNA binding site ; glucocorticoid-inhibitory element ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The gene encoding pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) offers an interesting model system to study negative control of transcription in eucaryotes. Indeed, glucocorticoid hormones specifically inhibit transcription of the POMC gene in the anterior pituitary. The POMC gene is predominantly expressed in the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary. However, only anterior pituitary POMC transcription is inhibited by glucocorticoids and stimulated by corticotropino-releasing hormone (CRH). Rat POMC promoter sequences required for anterior pituitary-specific expression were localized between positions -480 and -34 base pairs (bp) by DNA-mediated gene transfer into the POMC-expressing tumor cells, AtT-20. These POMC promoter sequences also confer glucocorticoid inhibition of transcription. While two of the six in vitro binding sites for purified glucocorticoid receptor identified in the rat POMC gene are within these sequences, only one is required for glucocorticoid inhibition; this binding site is located at position -63 bp in the promoter and overlaps a putative CCA AT box sequence. The DNA sequence of the POMC -63 bp receptor binding site is homologous to receptor binding sites identified in the glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) of glucocorticoid-inducible genes. However, DNA sequence divergencies between these sites, in particular within the conserved hexanucleotide sequence 5′-TGTYCT-3′, may be involved in their opposite transcriptional activity. Alternatively, binding of the receptor in the promoter proximal region of the POMC gene may inhibit transcription by a hormone-dependent represser mechanism.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 923-926 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Wechselwirkungen bei [3.3.3]Propellanen mit funktionellen Gruppen in 2-,8-und 9-StellungDie He(Iα)-Photoelektronen (PE)-Spektren und die Elektronen-Spektren der in 2-,8- und 9-Stellung funktionalisierten [3.3.3]Propellane 3, 6, 8 und 9 wurden zusammen mit den in 2-Stellung bzw. den in 2,8-Stellung funktionalisierten Derivaten aufgenommen. Die PE-Untersuchungen zeigen eine kleine Aufspaltung zwischen den π-Banden in den PE-Spektren von 2 und 3 und den n-Banden von Verbindungen 7 und 9. Dies wird auf eine kleine räumliche Wechselwirkung der funktionellen Gruppen zurückgeführt. Bei 5, 6 und 8 findet man eine beträchtliche π-n-Aufspaltung. Diese Aufspaltung ist durch eine starke Wechselwirkung zwischen n- und π-Orbitalen mit dem σ-Gerüst des entsprechenden Propellans bedingt. Die ersten Banden der Elektronenspektren von 6, 8 und 9 wurden aufgrund von CNDO/s-CI Rechnungen π*←n-Übergängen zugeordnet. Diese Untersuchungen sprechen für eine kleine Aufspaltung der tiefsten unbesetzten Orbitale.
    Notes: The He(Iα) photoelectron (PE) spectra and electronic spectra of the 2,8,9-trifunctional [3.3.3]propellanes 3, 6, 8, and 9 together with the corresponding 2-mono- and 2,8-difunctional species have been recorded. The PE investigations reveal a small split between the π bands in the PE spectra of 2 and 3 and the n-lone pair bands in those of 7 and 9. This is rationalized by assuming a small through-space interaction among the functional groups. A considerable π-n splitting is found in the case of 5, 6, and 8. This splitting is due to a fairly strong interaction of n and σ orbitals with the σ frame of the corresponding propellane. The first band of the electronic spectra of 6, 8, and 9 is assigned to π* ← n transitions on the basis of CNDO/s-CI calculations. These investigations suggest a small split among the lowest unoccupied π* orbitals.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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