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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 968-974 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two distinct (n+1) REMPI techniques for obtaining the alignment of gas phase atoms and molecules from photoelectron angular distributions are presented. In both methods, the alignment is extracted from the angular distributions independently of the photoionization dynamics. The first method, which takes advantage of circular dichroism in the angular distributions (CDAD) has already been established experimentally as a useful probe of state alignment. The theory outlined in previous work is expanded here. The second method involves photoionization with light linearly polarized along the photoelectron collection direction and is presented here for the first time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 5886-5887 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report a new technique for measuring photofragment alignment in the gas phase by observing circular dichroism in photoelectron angular distributions (CDAD). This technique is well suited for determining the gas phase alignment of linear molecules. The experiment involves excitation of the photofragment with linearly polarized light followed by photoionization with left or right circularly polarized light. The difference between the photoelectron angular distributions for these two cases is the CDAD spectrum. By measuring CDAD through two different excitation branches, one can obtain the ground state photofragment alignment A(2)0 using a simple analytical formula independent of the photoionization dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 656-663 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we show that circular dichroism in photoelectron angular distributions (CDAD) can be used to probe atomic and molecular alignment in the gas phase. Careful choice of photon (left or right circularly polarized) propagation and photoelectron collection directions breaks the cylindrical symmetry of the target, giving rise to dichroic effects. CDAD exists in the electric dipole approximation. We illustrate the sensitivity of CDAD to alignment by considering photoionization of the A 2Σ+ state of NO. Most of the cases of alignment we consider are created by multiphoton absorption while the others, more general, might be created in fragmentation, desorption, etc. The alignment created by n-photon absorption quickly reaches a classical limit which is reflected in the CDAD spectrum. Finally, we show that CDAD is also a sensitive probe of gas phase atomic state alignment by considering photoionization of the 7P3/2 state of cesium created by single photon absorption from the ground state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 6267-6269 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a previous paper, we showed that circular dichroism in photoelectron angular distributions (CDAD) can be used to probe alignment in gas phase atoms and linear molecules. Often this alignment is parametrized through the moments of alignment A(2), A(4), etc., which are commonly extracted from fluorescence polarization measurements. In this paper we show how these can be simply extracted from CDAD spectra. This technique can be used in principle to extract the moments to any order.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 7513-7514 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We demonstrate that circular dichroism in photoelectron angular distributions (CDAD), resulting from resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) of an aligned molecular Rydberg state, is a highly sensitive probe of the presence of a Cooper minimum near threshold. To illustrate this application of CDAD, we present the results of ab initio calculations for (1+1') REMPI via the R21(5.5) branch of the D 2Σ+(3pσ) state of NO, where a Cooper minimum is found in l=2 (d wave) of the kπ continuum at a photoelectron kinetic energy of 3.2 eV. The CDAD signal is found to vary rapidly with photoelectron kinetic energy, go through zero, and change sign in the region of the Cooper minimum. This result is predicted by CDAD theory for photoionization from an aligned atomic p orbital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 5208-5211 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theory for determination of molecular alignment from circular dichroism in photoelectron angular distributions is generalized to treat the case in which the excitation polarization direction and the laboratory z axis do not coincide. A new method of data analysis is presented here. Alignment created by surface scattering or photofragmentation should be obtainable by these procedures. For studies of orientation with elliptically polarized excitation, differential cross sections at a given collection angle are found to be, to a good approximation, independent of excited-state alignment. Orientation can thus be obtained from differential cross sections by the methods developed by Kummel, Sitz, and Zare [J. Chem. Phys. 88, 6707 (1988)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 4177-4187 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recent experiments by Zafiropulos et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 1485 (1988)] indicate that K2 photodissociation through the B 1Πu state results in fluorescence polarization which is strongly dependent on excitation wavelength. To understand these results, we have studied the K2 system quantum mechanically using a half-collision analysis derived from the generalized form of multichannel quantum defect theory. This analysis factors the transition amplitudes into separate terms representing absorption and final state interactions. An approximation called the adiabatic(a→c)/recoil(c→e) approximation is developed for the half-collision matrix which reproduces quantitatively the exact half-collision results projected from the close-coupled wave function. This specific approximation applies to the homonuclear molecule K2 because of the very long range of the excited state potential, which varies as 1/R3. The quantum mechanical expression for the polarization as a function of initial rotational quantum number J0 and total energy E is found to be extremely simple in this approximation, depending only on J0 and the single-channel P, Q, and R phase shifts for the adiabatic reference states corresponding to the B 1Πu state at short distance. In the high J limit, the quantum expression is in exact agreement with a semiclassical expression which is derived in the accompanying paper by Kleiber et al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 8784-8792 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A half collision analysis of alignment effects on intersystem crossing in the collisions of Ca(4s5p 1P) with He has been performed using generalized multichannel quantum defect theory (MCQDT). The theory provides a rigorous analytical representation of the numerically exact closed-coupled scattering wave functions. The half collision analysis results in a factorization of the full quantum collision problem into a number of simpler quantum mechanical problems which reflect different regions of development during the collision. A WKB-assisted, frame transformation approximation to the incoming half collision matrix is tested numerically and is found to be useful in projecting out information on the "locking radius'' concept.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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