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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 27 (1965), S. 121-130 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Diese Studie wurde von unserem Interesse an der Rolle, die das vegetative Nervensystem in verschiedenen Formen von Diarrhöe spielt, angeregt. Insbesondere wollten wir zur Klärung der Bedeutung des Endotoxin in diesem Zusammenhang beitragen. Da menschliches Sektionsmaterial zur Beantwortung dieser Frage ungeeignet ist, haben wir experimentell bei Meerschweinchen untersucht, welche Wirkung das Endotoxin hat, das direkt in die Abdominalganglien eingespritzt wurde. Wir wollten feststellen, ob das so injizierte Endotoxin Durchfall oder pathologische Veränderungen an der Darminnervation hervorruft, und welche Veränderungen diese Injektion an den Sympaticusganglien selbst verursacht. Unsere Untersuchungen haben ergeben, daß nach intraganglionärer Injektion von Endotoxin eine Reihe von allgemein-toxischen Veränderungen in den Ganglienzellen und Gliazellen der Sympaticusganglien zu beobachten sind; nur wenige Neuronen verfallen der Pyknose. Die neurovegetative Peripherie des Darmes blieb unverändert auch bei intraganglionären Äthanolinjektionen, die schwerere pathologische Veränderungen in den Ganglien erzeugten. Intraganglionäre Endotoxinoder Äthanoleinspritzung verursachte bei keinem Meerschweinchen Diarrhöe. Wir durfen deshalb den Schluß ziehen, daß in diesem experimentellen Modell morphologische Veränderungen in den sympathischen Abdominalganglien keine Beziehung zur Entstehung von Diarrhöe haben; auch konnten wir keine, für Endotoxin spezifischen pathologischen Ganglienzellveränderungen feststellen.
    Abstract: Résumé Cette étude a trait à une expérience pratiquée sur des cobayes pour éclaircir deux problèmes assez anciens: 1. La diarrhée ou d'autres lésions intestinales peuventelles être produites par l'injection d'endotoxine au voisinage des ganglions sympathiques abdominaux? 2. La réaction pathologique ganglionnaire est-elle spécifique de l'endotoxine? En même temps nous voulions établir un rapport entre les altérations pathologiques des ganglions extramuraux et celles des ganglions intestinaux intramuraux. Après l'introduction intraganglionnaire de l'endotoxine, une variété de lésions non spécifiques apparaît dans les neurones et les gliocytes aussi. L'injection de l'alcool est encore plus destructive; il ne produit pas un effet irritatif mais des altérations vraiment neuronolytiques. L'atteinte des ganglions sympathiques abdominaux ne touchait pas les ganglions intramuraux de l'intestin. Nous n'avons pas réussi à provoquer une diarrhée, ni chez les animaux d'expérience, ni chez les contrôles qui avaient reçu l'endotoxine dans le péritoine. Nous concluons alors que l'endotoxine inoculée par voie intraganglionnaire n'engendre ni altérations pathologiques dans l'intestin, ni diarrhée. Par conséquent il faut minimiser la contribution des ganglions sympathiques abdominaux en diarrhée.
    Notes: Summary In the present study we have attempted to examine experimentally in 37 guinea pigs two points of longstanding controversy: Can diarrhea or any intestinal lesions be produced by the injection of endotoxin into the regional abdominal sympathetic ganglia, and secondly, does endotoxin evoke a specific pathological response in these ganglia? We have also attempted to correlate changes in the extramural ganglia, with alteration in the intramural nervous system. When endotoxin was given intraganglionicly a variety of non-specific toxic lesions were noted in the ganglion cells as well as the gliocytes. Alcohol injection, in an effort to provoke an irritative effect, produced a more destructive lesion. No concomitant changes were observed in the gut. Diarrhea could not be precipitated in any of these animals, nor in their intraperitoneally injected controls, which had no histologic abnormalities in the regional abdominal sympathetic ganglia. It is concluded, therefore, that the rôle of these ganglia should be minimized as a factor in enteritis, and that clinico-pathological correlation is difficult within the neurovegetative periphery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of vascular surgery 10 (1996), S. 63-65 
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vascular injury sustained during neurosurgical procedures is surprisingly rare, especially considering the anatomic proximity of major blood vessels to the vertebral column. Mortality rates are high if the injury is not recognized and definitive management is delayed. Case reports include massive hemorrhage, arteriovenous fistulas, and development of false aneurysms. Diagnostic CT scan and arteriography are useful if the patient's condition permits; however, rapid intervention is crucial to the patient's survival. After reviewing the current surgical literature, we present a case of medial sacral artery injury occurring during laminectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 114 (1964), S. 393-402 
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 116 (1965), S. 335-339 
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The relationship between organ size, body weight and the size variations in myenteric neurones of the ileum and cecum has been studied in white Fisher rats. Three groups of conventional as well as germfree rats of varying body weight were utilized.Myenteric neurones in the cecum and ileum “grow” with increasing body weight. Cecal neurones have a steeper growth curve than ileal neurones. The average diameter of Auerbach's ganglion cells in the cecum is 13.6 μ in 90 gm rats, 20.0 in 300 gm rats. In medium sized rats (150 gm) the myenteric neurones of the germfree cecum are 2-3 times as large as those in the cecum of conventional animals. This increase is proportional to the enlarged cecal circumference in germfree rodents. When small (90 gm) germfree rats are conventionalized the myenteric neurones return to normal size as the cecum “shrinks” to normal size. In the intramural parasympathetic nervous system of the gut organ size as well as body weight are determinants of ganglion cell size.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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