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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage analysis and allelic imbalance in human breast cancer kindreds using microsatellite markers from the short arm of chromosome 3 (1995)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 96 (1995), S. 437-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight Icelandic breast cancer kindreds were subjected to linkage analyses with respect to 28 microsatellite loci dispersed along the short arm of chromosome 3. Breast tumors derived from these kindreds were concurrently scored for allelic imbalance with ten of the markers. Linkage to most markers could be excluded on the basis of negative LOD scores and haplotype analyses, although some moderately positive LOD scores resulted. A high frequency of imbalance in the familial tumors was seen with two of the markers in comparison with results obtained from sporadic material. The highest frequency (68%) of imbalance was detected with the marker D3S1217, which is located on 3p14.2-p14.1. Imbalance at the D3S1211 locus, which is more telomeric (3p24.2-p22), was not significantly elevated in the familial tumors. We suggest that the genetic defect responsible for breast cancer susceptibility in these families either promotes instability in the 3p14.2-p14.1 region or enhances the selective advantage of such changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191803
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxic and mutagenic effects of carcinogens on the mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 174 (1979), S. 39-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Nineteen haploid yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) strains were used to assess the relative growth inhibitory potencies on fermentable vs. non-fermentable media of a collection of carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic chemicals. The majority of carcinogens were distinctly more potent on the non-fermentable (glycerol) medium, where mitochondrial function is required for growth, than on the fermentable medium, where it is not. The anti-mitochondrial selectivity indicated by these growth tests was much slighter for the non-carcinogens. Similarly most carcinogens induced the cytoplasmic petite mutation whereas the non-carcinogens did not. Five carcinogens which were tested impaired the development of cytochromes aa 3 and b in glucose cultures. Six carcinogens, when tested, inhibited growth on three fermentable sugars, the utilisation of which requires mitochondrial function. Out of five carcinogens which were examined, four suppressed the surface-dependent phenomenon of flocculence in a flocculating strain of yeast, at concentrations primarily affecting the mitochondrial system; the fifth had a similar but less pronounced effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433303
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific polypeptide differences in normal versus malignant human breast tissues by two-dimensional electrophoresis (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 177-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: biological markers ; breast cancer ; two-dimensional electrophoresis ; estrogen receptor ; progesterone receptor ; polypeptides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Postmitochondrial and cytosolic polypeptides were extracted from human breast tumors and non-malignant breast tissue and analyzed using high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Approximately 800–1000 postmitochondrial and 600–800 silver stained cytosolic polypeptides were detected over the pH range of 4.8 to 7.5 and molecular weight range of 18–120 kDa. The 2D-PAGE patterns of polypeptides from normal and malignant tissue were very similar, although both qualitative and quantitative polypeptide differences were noted. Six cytosolic polypeptides (pI/molecular weight × 10−3) 5.20/80 kDa, 5.75/43, 6.25/40, 5.43/35, 5.45/34.5, 5.50/34 and 6.15/24 were expressed only in malignant tissues. One constitutive polypeptide, 7.25/52, was not detected in any of the malignant tissue samples. Quantitatively, marked differences in spot density were noted in polypeptides localized mainly in the molecular weight ranges of 22–40 kDa and pI ranges of 5.65–7.00. A general increase in polypeptide expression was noted in malignant tissues as compared to normal. Twenty-two polypeptides were significantly and consistently increased in tumor samples while only one polypeptide was decreased. One polypeptide, p24 (6.15/24) was expressed in greatest concentrations in tumors which also expressed the greatest estrogen receptor content. Expression of p24 was markedly reduced in normal tissue and malignant tissues expressing low levels of estrogen and progesterone receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01810581
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inherited BRCA2 mutation associated with high grade breast cancer (1998)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 47 (1998), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: BRCA2 ; flow cytometry ; hereditary breast cancer ; malignancy grade ; tumor biology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Inheritance is believed to play a major role in 5–10% of breast cancer. The breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are estimated to account for more than half of these cases. Recent studies have suggested that breast cancers associated with BRCA1 germline mutations are of higher grade than sporadic cases. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if there are significant pathologic and biologic differences between hereditary BRCA2 related breast carcinomas and non-hereditary breast cancers. Forty cases of hereditary breast cancer from families associated with a specific 999del5 BRCA2 mutation were compared with regard to histologic and biologic factors to an age matched control group. Thirty-four patients (85%) had ductal carcinoma, two had lobular carcinoma, and one patient had medullary carcinoma. Compared to the control group, the BRCA2 tumors had less tubule formation (p=0.02), more nuclear pleomorphism (p=0.02), and higher mitotic rates (p=0.002), and were thus of higher histologic grade (p=0.003). By flow cytometry the BRCA2 tumors also had significantly higher S-phase fractions than the control tumors (p = 0.02). Significant differences in axillary lymph-node involvement or ploidy status were not detected. According to the results of this study, hereditary breast cancers associated with the 999del5 BRCA2 mutation are high grade tumors with a rapid proliferation rate. Other or additional factors than the defining BRCA2 mutation are involved in determining the tumor type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005853022804
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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