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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Liver cirrhosis ; Variceal bleeding ; Octreotide ; Terlypressin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sixty patients with endoscopically confirmed active variceal bleeding entered a randomized controlled clinical trial aimed at comparing the efficacy of octreotide vs. terlypressin in the control of acute variceal hemorrhage (period I, 24 h) and in the prevention of early rebleeding (period II, 6 days). Of the sixty 30 received octreotide (period I, 100 μg bolus followed by continuous intravenous infusion at 25 μg/h; period IT, 100 μg t.i.d. subcutaneously), and 30 received terlypressin (period I, 2 mg intravenous bolus every 4 h; period II, 2nd day, 2 mg every 6 h; from 3th to 7th days, 1 mg every 6 h). Control of bleeding was achieved in 23 (76.6%) patients receiving octreotide and in 16 (53%) treated with terlypressin (NS); none of these patients suffered rebleeding during treatment. No significant difference in mortality was observed between the two groups during the hospitalization period. Complications due to therapy were lower with octreotide than with terlypressin (P 〈 0.01). Under the same effectiveness conditions the cost/benefit ratio must be taken into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Inorganic arsenic ; Seafood ; Metabolism ; Urinary excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  To assess whether regular consumption of seafood, particularly fish and shellfish, by humans may lead to an overexposure to inorganic arsenic, a well-established human carcinogen, the urinary excretion of the relevant As metabolites (Asi, inorganic form; MMA, monomethylarsonic acid; DMA, dimethylarsinic acid) was compared in groups of subjects with different seafood consumption habits and in volunteers after ingestion of a known amount of seafood arsenicals. Studies of Italian cohorts, involving five groups of ±30 subjects with different seafood consumption habits, and balance studies in Belgian volunteers failed to show a biologically significant absorption of inorganic arsenic either present as such in the food or formed from organoarsenicals during cooking or digestion. The results suggest that the digestion of some seafood, especially mussels, may increase the urinary excretion of the dimethylated arsenic metabolite. Therefore, the biological monitoring of exposure to inorganic arsenic in an industrial context should mainly rely upon specific measurement of the unmetabolized form when recent ingestion of seafood cannot be excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A group of 30 Italian children affected by Dermatitis Herpetiformis (DH) was analysed for HLA region polymorphisms with both serological and DNA methods. Serological typing was performed on HLA-A, B, C, DR, DQ antigens and C4A, C4B, Bf polymorphisms. DNA RFLPs obtained with TaqI enzyme were investigated with cDNA probes specific for DR beta, DQ alpha and DQ beta genes. The results were correlated with intestinal involvement and age at onset of the disease. The following observations were made: (1) the intestinal biopsies revealed a direct correlation between degree of lesions and age at onset of DH; (2) a significantly increased relative risk (RR) was found for the following HLA antigens: A1 (RR = 2.2), B8 (RR = 6.2), Cw7 (RR = 3.9), C4AQO (RR = 7.4), DR3 (RR = 5.2), DR7 (RR = 4.4), DRw53 (RR = 4.7), DQw2 (RR = 6.0); (3) B8 and DR3 were significantly more frequent in patients with severe intestinal lesions; and (4) of the two DR3 subtypes revealed by RFLP typing, only 3.1 showed an increased frequency in DH patients (RR = 8.4). It is suggested that the susceptibility to Juvenile DH is determined by the same genes, within the HLA region, that are associated with Coeliac Disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 107 (1982), S. 1179-1184 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 107 (1982), S. 1179-1184 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 210 konsekutive Patienten, die in der Universitätsklinik Parma einen herzchirurgischen Eingriff durchmachten und bei denen insgesamt 1.898 Blutkonserven transfundiert wurden, wurden im Hinblick auf eine Serokonversion für anti-HCV (im Fall von Non-A, Non-B-Transfusionshepatitis) und den Nutzen eines Screening auf anti-HCV im Vergleich zu SGPT-Werten für die Prävention der Übertragung der Non-A, Non-B-Transfusionshepatitis nachuntersucht. 15 Patienten hatten eine NANB-Transfusionshepatitis entwickelt (Gruppe A): davon zeigten zehn in den folgenden 3–12 Monaten eine anti-HCV Serokonversion. Acht dieser zehn positiven Patienten entwickelten eine chronische Hepatitis, aber keiner der fünf Patienten, die eine anti-HCV- negative NANB-Transfusionshepatitis durchmachten. Bei keinem der 15 zufallsgemäß aus der nicht an Hepatitis erkrankten Patientengruppe ausgewählten Patienten (Gruppe B) war eine anti-HCV Serokonversion nachzuweisen. Bei den Blutspendern fand sich eine enge Korrelation zwischen Anti-HCV Positivität und Übertragung einer Transfusionshepatitis, aber nicht zwischen Hepatitis und SGPT-Erhöhungen. Von 172 bei Gruppe A transfundierten Konserven waren 11 anti-HCV positiv, die 139 Konserven der Gruppe B transfundierten Konserven waren alle negativ. Erhöhte SGPT-Werte fanden sich in den beiden Gruppen in ähnlicher Häufigkeit. Dennoch bestätigte sich aus der beobachteten Beziehung zwischen Anti-HCV Positivität und SGPT- Blutspiegeln in Konserven, durch die eine Transfusionshepatitis ausgelöst wurde, die Notwendigkeit, Blutspender mit erhöhten SGPT-Spiegeln auszuschließen. Insgesamt war der prädiktive Wert des anti-HCV-Screening mit 100% höher als der des SGPT-Screening, der nur 53,3% betrug und mit dem weniger Blutspender ausgeschlossen werden. Wahrscheinlich ist der Anteil der bei Transfusionshepatitis NANB erfaßten anti-HCV-Serokonversionen zu gering; dies könnte auf die bei der ELISA-Methode festgelegten Grenzwerte für der Nachweis von Anti-HCV zurückzuführen sein.
    Notes: Summary A total of 210 patients consecutively submitted to heart surgery at the Parma University Hospital and transfused with 1,898 units of blood were followed after transfusion in order to evaluate both the incidence of anti-hepatitis Cvirus (HCV) seroconversion in non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH-NANB) cases and the usefulness of the screening for anti-HCV in comparison with that for serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) values in preventing PTH-NANB transmission. Fifteen recipients developed PTH-NANB (group A); ten of them (66.6%) showed anti-HCV seroconversion within 3–12 months. Eight of the ten anti-HCV positive patients developed chronic hepatitis, but none of the five PTH-NANB anti-HCV negative did. None of the 15 controls (group B) randomly chosen among the patient population showed anti-HCV seroconversion. A close correlation witht he transmission of PTH was showed by anti-HCV positivity but not by SGPT elevation in blood donors. Eleven of 172 blood products transfused to group A but none of 139 products transfused to group B were anti-HCV positive. The incidence of elevated SGPT values was similar between the two groups of the transfused blood products. Nevertheless, the correlation observed between anti-HCV positivity and SGPT levels in the blood products involved in PTH confirms the need to exclude blood donors with abnormal SGPT values. On the whole, anti-HCV screening of donors showed a predictive value higher than that of SGPT (100% vs. 53.3%), allowing a minor blood donation exclusion. The percentage of anti-HCV seroconversion observed in PTH-NANB is probably underestimated because of the limits of the ELISA method we used for the detection of anti-HCV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The replication of Friend Leukemia virus (FLV) has been investigated in adhesive clones (FF) of Friend Leukemia cells which were selected via cultivation on top of human fibroblast monolayers. In these adhesive clones a shut-down of FLV production is observed under conditions of culture confluency; this finding is not due either to a reduced number of cell divisions nor to a defective expression of FLV genome as assessed by Northern blot and immunofluorescence studies. Ultrastructural studies showed that virus budding and release into the medium is not detectable under these conditions. Conversely, in confluent FF cell monolayers abundant imperfect type-A enveloped particles were visible, possibly originating from stacks of granular endoplasmic reticulum with thickened membranes. It is postulated that the reduced virus production in adhesive FF monolayers is due to as yet undetermined events taking place during virus maturation at a time coincident with that of cell-cell adhesion under conditions of culture confluency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 64 (1993), S. 503-507 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Biological monitoring ; Carbon disulphide ; Dithiocarbamate ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Blood carbon disulphide (CS2), both free and total, was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in 112 “normal” subjects and in 20 subjects employed in a dithiocarbamate factory, comprising ten blue-collar workers involved in dithiocarbamate production and ten white-collar office staff. The ten production workers were examined over two workshifts, the first at the beginning of the week (Monday) and the second after an intervening period of at least 1 day. Three blood samples were taken for each shift studied, one prior to starting work, one at the end of the shift and the third 16 h after the end of the shift (on the following morning). The mean CS2 blood levels measured in the 112 normal subjects was 663 ng/l for the free fraction and 3178 ng/l for the total. In 16 blood samples taken from the ten dithiocarbamate factory office workers, the mean free and total CS2 blood levels were 846 and 4140 ng/l, respectively, i.e. not significantly different from those observed in the normal subjects. At the end of the first 8-h shift, the ten dithiocarbamate factory production workers had free and total CS2 values of 1070 and 8471 ng/l, respectively, which were significantly higher than those observed prior to starting work (240 and 4738 ng/l). All the total CS2 levels measured in the shop-floor workers, with the sole exception of the values recorded prior to the start of the Monday shift (4738 ng/l), ranged from 7047 to 8471 ng/l and were significantly higher than those measured in the white-collar staff (4140 ng/l).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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