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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain abscess ; Computed tomography ; Corticosteroids ; Contrast enhancement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A short term, high dose corticosteroid treatment protocol was investigated to determine its clinical utility in staging an experimental brain abscess. Corticosteroids were shown to decrease the degree of contrast enhancement of brain abscess 12 h after administration but the magnitude of the effect was not consistent enough to be clinically useful in staging. The corticosteroid effect progressively diminished as the inflammatory lesion encapsulated over time. This effect emphasized that a decreasing ring diameter and not diminished contrast enhancement should be the CT criterion for brain abscess resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Ultrasound ; burr hole ; intraoperative ; biopsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrasound images of the brain were obtained intraoperatively and on an outpatient basis through a burr hole. The patient's tumor was well visualized, prior to biopsy, after biopsy, and during radiation therapy treatment. The ultrasound images correlated closely to the CT scan findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 26 (1984), S. 209-212 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Digital subtraction angiography ; intravenous DSA ; STA-MCA bypass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Continuing improvements in intravenous DSA techniques have now shown it to be useful in the angiographic evaluation of STA-MCA bypass function. Both patent and non-patent bypasses were observed in this study. Diagnostically adequate spatial resolution and signal to noise ratio were achieved by electronic magnification and integration techniques. Patient positioning was important and the projection which gave optimal visualization of the STA-MCA bypass, free of vessel overlap, was a 40° oblique, 20° craniocaudal view on the side of interest. Intravenous DSA can complement, and in some cases may supplant, conventional arteriography in the radiologic evaluation of STA-MCA bypass surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Fast spin echo ; Lumbar spine ; Disc disease ; Contrasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A prospective study in 31 patients was designed to compare contrast quantitatively using axial conventional, gated spin-echo T2-weighted (T2W) (SE) (asymmetrical echo TE 30 and 80 ms) and axial dual-echo fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences (TEeff 20 and 120 ms) to image lumbar discs, nerve roots, and cerebrospinal fluid CSF. We used two quantitative measures, percent (%) contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), to compare the sequences. The FSE sequence had greater % contrast and CNR on the first and second echo images for both disc and nerve root detection using these scan parameters. An axial FSE sequence, therefore, provided contrast characteristics similar to those of gated axial T2W SE sequence in the lumbar spine, with a 60 % saving in acquisition time. The FSE sequence is now our standard axial T2W study for the lumbar spine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 23 (1982), S. 127-131 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain metastasis ; Radiation therapy ; CT scanning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty patients with solid tumor metastases to the brain, demonstrated by CT scanning, had follow-up scans after radiation therapy of the metastatic focus. Nine patients (45%) showed no evidence of the metastasis on the initial follow-up scans. Another 10 patients (50%) showed some improvement in the size, enhancement, or surrounding edema of the lesion. Only one patient showed progression in spite of therapy. The CT scan identified those patients who achieved longer survival and/or longer time intervals before brain relapse. However, CT scans must be interpreted with caution in patients still on corticosteroid treatment. Additionally, other non-tumoral conditions may mimic tumor recurrence. Radiation therapy offered palliation in patients with brain metastases, and in some instances, sterilized patients of their metastatic brain involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 23 (1982), S. 241-251 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Angiography ; Digital fluoroscopy ; Noninvasive ; Low risk ; Arteriovenous malformation ; Aneurysm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intravenous digital subtraction angiography (iDSA) promises to significantly alter the use of conventional cerebral angiography in the workup of neurological patients. Understanding its diagnostic potential and its limitations are important in incorporating this new examination into the diagnostic thought process of neuroradiologic tests. Different image processing techniques such as integration of mask and contrast images promise to improve image quality for neuroradiologic application. At present, iDSA is suitable for the diagnosis and follow-up of vascular lesions (atherosclerosis, aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, venous sinus occlusion), and tumor (meningioma). Although limited, the spatial resolution of iDSA studies is capable of demonstrating diffuse vascular disease such as arteritis and vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. In some patients in conjunction with the CT scan, iDSA may prove sufficient as the primary and only diagnostic angiographic test necessary, supplanting conventional angiography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Septo-optic dysplasia ; growth hormone deficiency ; septum pellucidum ; hypopituitarism ; hypothalamic-dysfunction states
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The clinical and radiological findings in four children with septo-optic dysplasia are reported. All four had growth retardation associated with growth hormone deficiency, as well as varying degrees of ophthalmologic dysfunction. The CT scan findings spanned a spectrum from normal to the expected abnormalities involving the ventricular system and orbits. Only two of the four had an absent septum pellucidum. A third patient had normal CT scans except for optic nerve hypoplasia, while the fourth had entirely normal CT scans of both the brain and orbits. Because the anatomic defects of septo-optic dysplasia may be subtle, an apparently normal CT scan does not invalidate the clinical diagnosis of septo-optic dysplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 26 (1984), S. 309-313 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: CT ; dynamic ; brain abscess ; experimental ; contrast enhancement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dynamic computed tomograhic scans were performed in an experimental brain abscess model to establish criteria that could be utilized in abscess staging. The vascular phase of the time-density curves did not differentiate cerebritis and capsule stages. The amount of residual enhancement after the first pass of an intra-arterial contrast bolus differed between major abscess stages, the greater residual enhancement being noted in the capsule stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 29 (1987), S. 512-518 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: MR ; CT ; Angio ; AVM, supratentorial ; Radiosurgery, stereotactic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty patients with high-flow supratentorial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MR), computed tomography (CT), and selective cerebral angiography. The size of the malformation measured on MR was found, in general, to be smaller than the size determined from angiographic films. This discrepancy increased as the size of the AVM increased. AVM size on CT and angiography was found to be essentially equivalent. The reason for these differences between MR and CT or angiography was the ability to separate out the draining veins by MR, whereas this was difficult on projection films and contrast enhanced CT. Calcification was more easily detected by CT than by MR. MR better detected hemorrhage, which could be mistaken for old infarction on CT. Foci of cystic change within the nidus of the AVM were equally evident on MR and CT. Due to its sensitivity in discriminating between AVM nidus and adjacent draining veins and MR's ability to show the AVM in three planes, MR appeared to be more accurate in defining the AVM nidus than either CT or cerebral angiography. Such accurate delineation is crucial in patients prior to stereotactic radiosurgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Fast spin echo ; Lumbar spine ; Disc disease ; Contrasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A prospective study in 31 patients was designed to compare contrast quantitatively using axial conventional, gated spin-echo T2-weighted (T2W) (SE) (asymmetrical echo TE 30 and 80 ms) and axial dual-echo fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences (TEeff20 and 120 ms) to image lumbar discs, nerve roots, and cerebrospinal fluid CSF. We used two quantitative measures, percent (%) contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), to compare the sequences. The FSE sequence had greater % contrast and CNR on the first and second echo images for both disc and nerve root detection using these scan parameters. An axial FSE sequence, therefore, provided contrast characteristics similar to those of gated axial T2W SE sequence in the lumbar spine, with a 60% saving in acquisition time. The FSE sequence is now our standard axial T2W study for the lumbar spine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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