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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapour pressures of phenethyl alcohol and limonene in systems with water and Laureth 4 (1998)
    Dordrecht, The Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers
    International journal of cosmetic science 20 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The vapour pressures of phenethyl alcohol and limonene in their water-in-oil microemulsion region were measured by head space gas chromatography of equilibrated samples. The results showed that the vapour pressure of both fragrance compounds in their mutual solutions without surfactant or water was significantly greater than that in ideal solutions. The high vapour pressure of phenethyl alcohol in such solutions was strongly reduced by addition of the surfactant, Laureth 4, a commercial nonionic surfactant, approximately teteraethylene glycol dodecyl ether. Saturation of the solutions with water gave a further reduction in the vapour pressure. The high vapour pressure of limonene was not influenced to a corresponding degree; in fact, only a small influence was found. The results were interpreted as resulting from differences in intermolecular interactions due to location of the fragrance compounds in different parts of the colloidal association structures.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméOn a mesuré les tensions de vapeur de l'alcool phénétylique et du limonène dans leur zone de micro-émulsion eau-dans-huile par chromatographie gazeuse head space sur des échantillons équilibrés.Les résultats montrent que la tension de vapeur des deux substances odorantes dans leurs solutions mutuelles sans tensioactif ni eau est significativement plus élevée que celle en solutions idéales. La tension de vapeur élevée de l'alcool phénétylique dans de telles solutions est fortement réduite par l'addition du tensioactif, le Laureth 4, tensioactif commercial non ionique; approximativement éther dodécylique de tétraéthylène glycol. La saturation des solutions avec de l'eau provoque une réduction supplémentaire de la tension de vapeur. La tension de vapeur élevée du limonène n'est pas affectée à un tel degré; en fait on ne constate qu'une petite influence.Les résultats sont interprétés comme venant de différences dans les interactions intermoléculaires dues à la localisation des substances odorantes dans différentes parties des structures d'association colloïdales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.1998.177054.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The phase behaviour of polyoxyethylene 10 stearyl ether/geraniol/olive oil/H2O system and preliminary evaluation of fragrance evaporation (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 18 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The phase diagram of system polyoxyethylene 10 stearyl ether (Steareth 10)/geraniol/olive oil/H2O was determined using visual observation and low angle X-ray diffraction. The system formed two isotropic solution phases: water and a geraniol solution of Steareth 10 and water. In addition a lamellar liquid crystal was formed along the water–Steareth 10 axis. It solubilized geraniol and olive oil in different locations within its structure with maximum solubilization depending on the site. Geraniol is only solubilized in the hydrocarbon chain part of the bilayer, while olive oil is solubilized both at that site and between the terminal methyl group layers. The results provided essential information about the behaviour of geraniol during evaporation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1996.tb00134.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapour pressure of a fragrance ingredient during evaporation in a simple emulsion (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Chapman and Hall
    International journal of cosmetic science 19 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The phase diagram water, phenethyl alcohol and laureth 4 was determined and the variation of the vapour pressure of the alcohol was determined during evaporation using gas chromatographic head-space analysis. The phase changes during evaporation were estimated from the phase diagram and compared to the appearance of the emulsion using optical microscopy. The transfer of the fragrance ingredient between different phases during the process was estimated and its measured vapour pressures compared to those calculated from values of earlier determination in different phases in the system. The agreement was good. On a elabore le diagramme de phase eau, alcool phenethylique et laureth 4 et on a determine la variation de la tension de vapeur de l'alcool durant l'evaporation en utilisant l'analyse par chromatographie gazeuse a injection directe en tete de colonne. Les changements de phase durant l'evaporation sont estimes a partir du diagramme de phase et compares a l'aspect de l'emulsion par microscopie optique. On a estime le transfert de l'ingredient parfume entre les differentes phases durant le processus et ses tensions de vapeur mesurees ont ete comparees a celles calculees a partir de valeurs determinees anterieurement dans differentes phases du systeme. La concordance est satisfaisante.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1997.tb00190.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapour pressure of some fragrance ingredients in emulsion and microemulsion formulations (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Chapman and Hall
    International journal of cosmetic science 19 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The vapour pressure of two fragrance raw materials, phenethyl alcohol and phenethyl acetate, in a microemulsion system is discussed against their participation in the different phases of the system. The results are used to evaluate the change of the fragrance vapour pressure during water evaporation from a typical emulsion system. Resume. Etude de la tension de vapeur de deux matieres premieres de parfum, le phenethylalcool et le phenethylacetate, dans un systeme de microemulsion, en rapport avec leur participation aux differentes phases du systeme. Les resultats sont utilises pour evaluer la modification de la tension de vapeur de parfum lors de l'evaporation d'eau d'un systeme classique d'emulsion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1997.tb00170.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and composition of microemulsions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    The @International Journal Of Applied Radiation And Isotopes 31 (1980), S. 20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-708X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0020-708X(80)90195-7
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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