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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How much variation in CS rates can be explained by case mix differences? (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 112 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  To quantify the amount of variation in caesarean section (CS) rates between maternity units explained by case mix differences.Design  Cross-sectional study.Setting  All 216 maternity units in England and Wales.Population  Women giving birth at these maternity units between May and July 2000.Methods  Logistic regression models were developed to investigate the relationship between case mix characteristics, and odds of (i) CS before labour, (ii) CS in labour. Using these results, overall CS rates standardised for case mix were calculated for each maternity unit. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to examine heterogeneity between maternity units.Main outcome measures  CS before labour and CS during labour.Results  Adjustment for case mix differences between maternity units explained 34% of the variance in CS rates. Odds of CS (before and in labour) increased with maternal age. Women from ethnic minority groups had lower odds of CS before labour, and increased odds of CS in labour. Women with a previous vaginal delivery had lower odds of CS, although the magnitude of this for CS before and in labour is markedly different.Conclusions  Case mix adjustment is important to enable understanding of the factors that influence the CS rate. These include organisational and staffing levels as well as women's preferences for childbirth and clinician's attitudes. An understanding of how these factors influence the CS rate is essential for evaluation of quality and appropriateness of obstetric care provided to women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00501.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A risk of malignancy index incorporating CA 125, ultrasound and menopausal status for the accurate preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 97 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Age, ultrasound score, menopausal status, a clinical impression score and serum CA 125 level were assessed to see how they could best distinguish between patients with benign (n = 101) and malignant (n – 42) pelvic masses. Each criteria used alone provided statistically significant discrimination. The most useful individual criteria were a serum CA 125 level of 30 U/ml (sensitivity 81 %, specificity 75%) and an ultrasound score of 2 (sensitivity 71%, specificity 83%). Three criteria could be combined in a risk of malignancy index (RMI) which is simply calculated using the product of the serum CA 125 level (U/ml), the ultrasound scan result (expressed as a score of 0, 1 or 3) and the menopausal status (1 if premenopausal and 3 if postmenopausal). This index was statistically virtually as effective a discriminant between cancer and benign lesions as more formal methods. Using an RMI cut-off level of 200, the sensitivity was 85% and the specificity was 97%. Patients with an RMT score of greater than 200 had, on average, 42 times the background risk of cancer and those with a lower value 0.15 times the background risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02448.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared Examination of the Carbon-Hydrogen Stretching Frequency in Pyrocatechols, Guaiacols, and Phenols. (1964)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 36 (1964), S. 2412-2414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60219a010
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hospital Performance and Regional Equity (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Social policy and administration 18 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9515
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Political Science , Sociology
    Notes: The objective of this article is to see whether or not the attainment of regional equity within the hospital sector has involved any sacrifice in hospital performance.1 For most health services providing medical care free of charge, regional equity is usually an important objective; but when doctors decide who gets into hospital and for how long regional equity may be difficult to achieve in practice. We look at certain indicators of hospital inpatient performance in relation to regional equity within the hospital sector in both England and Wales and Czechoslovakia. The comparison with Czechoslovakia is an interesting one because that country is as much concerned with regional equity in its hospital service as is the United Kingdom (UK). At the same time there have been substantial differences between the two countries in the availability of hospital resources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.1984.tb00211.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Source and General Properties of Humic Acids from Lignitic Materials. (1959)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 4 (1959), S. 173-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je60002a018
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogenating Shale Oil to Catalytic Reforming Stock (1957)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 49 (1957), S. 679-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50568a031
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionization of organic molecules with ultraviolet lasers: A technique for generating large, well-defined ionized volumes (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 1648-1655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper we report a technique for generating a large, homogeneous volume of ionized gas and for making time-resolved measurements of its electron density. We also report absolute photoionization coefficients for a number of molecules. These coefficients will allow calculation of peak electron densities obtained in other ionization-related experiments. In our technique, the beam from a rare-gas halogen laser photoionizes organic molecules that have been seeded into a buffer gas. Ionization is accomplished by the absorption of two photons. We have analyzed the electron densities produced by photoionization with a microwave interferometer that measures the electron density in the ionized gas with a time-resolution of a few nanoseconds. Some of the organic molecules photoionized in this work produce electron-ion pairs with an efficiency more than five orders of magnitude higher than commonly used laboratory ionization sources such as ArF laser photoionization of NO. We have also studied the effect of attaching gases on the ionized mixtures and have demonstrated that addition of as little as 10 Torr of SF6 can reduce the peak electron density observed by a factor of 103.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334485
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Library studies at the school of information (1998)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Library hi tech 16 (1998), S. 91-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0737-8831
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship
    Notes: Library and Information Studies (LIS) remains an integral part of the newly chartered School of Information at the University of Michigan. Forging student, community-based, and foundation partnerships, LIS faculty are helping to re-define the role of information professionals in their research, teaching and services. Faculty are defining and practicing a new integrated discipline arising from the interactions among information, technology, and human systems. In collaboration with colleagues and students from disciplines including archives and records management, human computer interaction, public policy, psychology, computer science, and economics, LIS faculty are working to design a broad-based curriculum and a common set of foundations courses for all masters students in the program. In this article, Frost, an LIS faculty member who has been with the school for over 20 years, reflects on how teaching and research in cataloging and organization of information have been revitalized through project-based learning, collaboration with students and faculty from computer science and the arts, and community service to broaden the reach of cultural heritage materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07378839810304504
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of vacuum cooling on mushroom browning (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 22 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of two cooling methods and two storage temperatures on mushroom quality, anatomy and weight loss were compared. Mushroom quality was assessed as a function of cap browning and hyphal structure. Storage of mushrooms at 5°C conserved quality and reduced weight loss as compared with those stored at 18°C. No differences in quality or hyphal structure were found between vacuum and conventionally cooled mushrooms when subsequently held at 5°C; when cool storage was followed by a period at 18°C, vacuum-cooled mushrooms were significantly better with regard to colour (enzymic browning) than those conventionally cooled. The rate of weight loss during storage at 5°C was greater for vacuum-cooled than conventionally cooled mushrooms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1987.tb00528.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultraviolet radiation, melanocytic naevi and their dose-response relationship (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Melanocytic naevi on the face and neck of 110 Brisbane secondary school students aged 16–17 years were mapped according to specified regions to investigate the dose-response relationship between ultraviolet (UV) radiation and melanocytic naevi. Highest naevus density occurred in regions receiving a mean UV dose of 0.2–0.4 relative to the vertex while densities were low in minimally and maximally exposed regions. This pattern of naevus distribution was unaffected by sex or phenotypic features such as skin colour or degree of freckling. These findings suggest that there is a narrow dose range over which UV radiation can effectively promote the proliferation of melanocytes. A comparison of the regional distribution of naevi on the face and neck with that of solar keratoses appearing over 1 year on the heads of residents of a neighbouring town has shown them to differ significantly. This study may shed some light on the unknown, yet expectedly complex, relation of UV radiation to melanocytic naevi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.17731849.x
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