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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen-Induced Phase Transformations in Mg-Ni Alloys (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 138 (Mar. 2008), p. 63-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hydrogen is suggested as a promising fuel of the near future for the utilization inautomotive and mobile applications. Therefore, safe and effective hydrogen storage systems need tobe developed. One of the possibilities, suitable especially for mobile applications, is the storage ofhydrogen in the form of light-metal hydrides. In this work we studied microstructure and hydrogenabsorption and desorption kinetics in selected Mg-Ni alloys. Hydrogen saturation was carried out bythe cathodic polarization in alkaline water-based solution. It was confirmed that hydrogen could bestored in the Mg2Ni intermetallic phase forming Mg2NiH0.3 phase using this technology. MgH2hydride is also formed when the temperature of 90 °C is applied. The total content of hydrogen inthe material after saturation is approx. 0.7 wt. % according to the thermogravimetry analysis. Thislow value is caused probably by the surface oxidation, blocking further hydrogen diffusion. Thermalhydrogen desorption tests showed that the Mg2NiH0.3 phase is able to release hydrogen even attemperatures lower than 100 °C
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/24/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.138.63.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and Properties of Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Alloys (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 567-568 (Dec. 2007), p. 217-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Hydrogen is the promising pollutant-free fuel of the near future. For various hydrogenapplications, suitable storage systems have to be developed. One of the safe ways is the reversiblestorage of hydrogen in the form of light metal (lithium or magnesium) hydrides. MgH2 magnesiumhydride shows very high storage capacity (approx. 7 wt. %), but its problem is high thermodynamicstability. Therefore, high temperature (over 400°C) is necessary for MgH2 to decompose producinghydrogen. The solution of this problem can be the utilization of the complex magnesium hydridescontaining nickel, copper or other transition metals.In this work, the microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of the various magnesium alloys(Mg-Ni, Mg-Zn, Mg-Cu and Mg-Cu-Al) are described. The aim was to find suitable hydrogenstorage system with good storage capacity and sufficient rate of formation and decomposition ofhydrides. Microstructure, chemical and phase composition of the alloys were determined by thelight and scanning electron microscopy, EDS and XRD. Hydrogen saturation was carried out bycathodic polarization in the alkaline solution. Hydrogen content in the material was estimated byXRD from the shift of the diffraction lines of present phases
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.567-568.217.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Selectively Increases AMPA-Receptor Subunit GluR1 Protein Level and Differentially Modulates Ca2+ Responses to AMPA and NMDA in Hippocampal Neurons (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 65 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is believed to play important roles in development, synaptic plasticity, and neurodegenerative conditions. Recent studies have shown that neurotrophic factors can modulate neuronal excitability and survival and neurite outgrowth responses to glutamate, but the mechanisms are unknown. The present study tested the hypothesis that neurotrophic factors modulate responses to glutamate by affecting the expression of specific glutamate-receptor proteins. Exposure of cultured embryonic rat hippocampal cells to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in levels of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA)-receptor subunit GluR1 protein as determined by western blot, dot-blot, and immunocytochemical analyses. In contrast, bFGF did not alter levels of GluP2/3, GluR4, or the NMDA-receptor subunit NR1. Nerve growth factor did not affect GluR1 levels. Calcium-imaging studies revealed that elevation of [Ca2+]i, resulting from selective AMPA-receptor activation, was enhanced in bFGF-pretreated neurons. On the other hand, [Ca2+]i responses to NMDA-receptor activation were suppressed in bFGF-treated neurons, consistent with previous studies showing that bFGF can protect neurons against NMDA toxicity. Moreover, neurons pretreated with bFGF were relatively resistant to the toxicities of glutamate and AMPA, both of which were shown to be mediated by NMDA receptors. These data suggest that differential regulation of the expression of specific glutamate-receptor subunits may be an important mechanism whereby neurotrophic factors modulate activity-dependent neuronal plasticity and vulnerability to excitotoxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65062525.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathological gambling: A comparison of gambling at German-style slot machines and “Classical” gambling (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of gambling studies 11 (1995), S. 249-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract German-style slot machines and related legal issues are described. On the basis of a survey on 437 members of self-help groups (Gamblers Anonymous) in Germany, slot machine gamblers were compared with casino gamblers on such variables as sociodemographic data, gambling behaviour, financial expenditure, emotional experience while gambling, symptoms of pathological gambling, psychosocial consequences and gambling related delinquency. The casino gamblers' gambling behaviour is financially more extensive. There were similarities regarding the emotional intensity of the gambling experience. However the casino gamblers show more pronounced symptoms of pathological gambling and the psychosocial consequences of their gambling behaviour are more severe. In spite of these differences, the data show that for young people slot machines can be as stimulating and therefore as dangerous as casino gambling. The young slot machine gambler runs a similar risk of acquiring a pathological gambling habit as the casino gambler.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02104792
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathological gambling and criminal culpability: An analysis of forensic evaluations presented to German penal courts (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of gambling studies 12 (1996), S. 33-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract In Germany penal courts and expert witnesses are being confronted with an increasing number of offenders claiming that their criminal behavior had been caused by an irresistible urge to gamble. In 48 of 56 evaluated cases the defendants were diagnosed as pathological gamblers. However, diminished culpability (§ 21 German Criminal Code) was granted in only 32 cases. In these cases the illegal activity to get money could be classified as primarily gambling related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01533188
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Delinquency among pathological gamblers: A causal approach (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of gambling studies 8 (1992), S. 61-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract In a comprehensive research project on gamblers in self-help groups in West Germany one object of investigation was the question of whether or not pathological gambling has a criminogenic effect. 54.5% of the 437 members of Gamblers Anonymous interviewed stated that they had committed illegal actions in order to obtain money for gambling. Comparisons of this sub-group with those interviewees who did not admit having committed criminal offences show distinct differences: Those who admitted illegal action were more excessive in their gambling behavior and experienced a higher degree of subjective satisfaction through gambling. They also showed a more pronounced problem behavior and more psychosocial problems because of gambling. A multiple regression within the framework of path analysis was computed in order to explore causal links between pathological gambling and delinquency. The results support the hypothesis that pathological gambling can lead to delinquent behavior. Forensic implications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01881469
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