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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis on the rate of secondary bone mineralization (1972)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 10 (1972), S. 67-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Mineralization ; X-Ray absorption ; Microhardness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La méthode microradiographique-photométrique d'étude de l'absorption de rayons X, ainsi que la technique de microdureté, sont utilisées conjointement pour étudier la vitesse de minéralisation secondaire de l'os d'âge connu dans les ostéones de chiens jeunes et adultes. Les résultats des deux séries de mesures montrent une très bonne concordance. Ils montrent que la vitesse de la minéralisation secondaire a) décroit lentement et progressivement avec le temps dans chaque ostéone, b) subit peu de variations dans les divers ostéones de chaque sujet indépendemment de la vitesse de reconstruction, caractéristique de chaque région squelettique et c) décroit nettement avec l'âge de l'animal.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die photometrische Methode zur Untersuchung der Mikroradiographien und die Mikrotechnik zur Beurteilung der Knochenhärte wurden beide zur Bestimmung der Geschwindigkeit der sekundären Mineralisation von Knochen bekannten Alters in den Osteonen von jungen und ausgewachsenen Hunden angewandt. Die Resultate beider Meß-Serien stimmten gut überein. Sie zeigten, daß die Geschwindigkeit der sekundären Knochenmineralisation a) mit der Zeit in jedem Osteon langsam und stetig abnimmt; b) kleinen Variationen in den verschiedenen Osteonen von jedem Tier unterliegt, unabhängig von der Neubildungsgeschwindigkeit, die für jede Skelettregion charakteristisch ist; c) mit dem Altern des Tieres beträchtlich abnimmt.
    Notes: Abstract The microradiographic-photometric method of studying the X-ray absorption, and the microhardness testing technique were concurrently applied to investigate the rate of secondary mineralization of bone of known age in the osteons of young immature and adult dogs. The results of the two series of measurement show a close agreement. They indicate that the rate of secondary mineralization, (a) slowly and progressively decreases with time in each osteon, (b) undergoes little variations in the various osteons of each subject independently of the reconstruction rate characteristic of each skeletal region, and (c) markedly decreases with the ageing of the animal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012537
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Posttranslational Modifications of Bone Collagen Type I are Related to the Function of Rat Femoral Regions (2000)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 151-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Collagen — Femur — Rat — Function — Skeletal regions.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. This study analyzes the relationship between the function of femoral regions in the rat and the extent of collagen type I posttranslational modifications, to assess whether the different functional roles, i.e., mechanical or metabolic, of the bone tissues are related to the molecular structure of the matrix. For this purpose, 18 female, 100-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed, under anesthesia, and their femurs were removed and dissected free of adhering tissue. The spongy bone of the proximal metaphysis and the diaphysis were then selected as regions exerting prevalently a mechanical function, and the spongy bone of the distal metaphysis was selected as mainly related to metabolic function. Bone prepared from these regions was used to extract and purify the major component of the matrix, type I collagen. The content of hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, glycosylated hydroxylysine, and pyridinium crosslinks was evaluated and the amount of each compound was expressed as a molar ratio to hydroxyproline. The amount of glycosylated hydroxylysine and pyridinium crosslinks in the distal metaphysis are significantly different from the amounts measured both in the diaphysis and the proximal metaphysis. On the contrary, the amounts of the same compounds in the diaphysis and the proximal metaphysis are statistically the same. The amount of free hydroxylysine, however, appears to be different in the proximal metaphysis and in the diaphysis. The conclusion is that matrix composition differs among different skeletal regions according to the main function they exert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230010030
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermittent compressive load stimulates osteogenesis and improves osteocyte viability in bones cultured “in vitro” (1996)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 15 (1996), S. 563-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Organ Culture ; Intermittent Compressive Force ; Osteogenesis ; Ultrastructure ; Osteocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of mechanical stresses on osteogenesis, the viability of osteocytes and their metabolic activity in organ culture of bones intermittently loaded “in vitro” are reported. Metatarsal bones, isolated from 12-day-old rats, were cultured in BGJb medium (with 10% foetal calf serum, 75µg/ml of ascorbic acid, 100 U/ml of penicillin and 100µg/ml of streptomycin), in humidified air enriched by 5% CO2 and 30% O2, and loaded in our original device for 1/2 an hour at 1 Hz. homotypic isolated and unloaded bones, cultured in the same medium, were taken as controls. The ALP (alkaline phophatase activity) increases in the media of loaded bones in comparison with the control bones. The percentage of viable osteocytes is significantly greater in loaded than in control bones. TEM observations demonstrate that in both loaded and control unloaded bones, osteocytes show well developed organelle machinery and several gap junctions with adjacent cellular processes. In the cells of loaded bones, however, a higher number of cytoplasmic organelles and gap junctions were found. In particular, RER increases twice, gap junctions three times. The induced osteogenesis and the TEM observations demonstrate the suitability of this experimental model and support the recent advanced hypothesis according to which the mechanical loading may exert a trophic function on osteocytes, stimulating both the proteic synthesis in the above-mentioned cells and the cell-to-cell communication. Furthermore, the loading is likely to exert a biological stimulus on osteoblasts via signalling molecules produced by osteocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02238545
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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