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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 4 (1970), S. 347-372 
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Calcium signalling is little understood in filamentous fungi largely because easy and routine methods for calcium measurement in living hyphae have previously been unavailable. We have developed the recombinant aequorin method for this purpose. High levels of aequorin expression were obtained in Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus awamori by codon optimization of the aequorin gene. Three external stimuli (mechanical perturbation, hypo-osmotic shock and high external calcium) were found transiently to increase [Ca2+]c. Each of the calcium signatures associated with these physico-chemical treatments was unique, suggesting the involvement of three distinct calcium-mediated signal transduction pathways. The fungal calcium channel blocker KP4 inhibited the [Ca2+]c responses to hypo-osmotic shock and high external calcium, but not to mechanical perturbation. The divalent cation chelator BAPTA inhibited [Ca2+]c responses to mechanical perturbation and hypo-osmotic shock. The calcium agonists A23187 and cyclopiazonic acid increased [Ca2+]c levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biochemistry 28 (1959), S. 343-364 
    ISSN: 0066-4154
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 8 (1974), S. 15-50 
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 168 (1951), S. 957-958 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Mycelium of the wild-type strain E5297a was grown for three days at 25 in 'minimal' Fries No. 3 medium, and cell-free extracts were obtained by grinding with phosphate buffer and powdered glass followed by centrifugation as described in detail elsewhere8. The extracts, which were free of large ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The genes encoding the acetate-inducible enzyme acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase from Neurospora crassa and Aspergillus nidulans (acu-5 and facA, respectively) have been cloned and their sequences compared. The predicted amino acid sequence of the Aspergillus enzyme has 670 amino acid residues and that of the Neurospora enzyme either 626 or 606 residues, depending upon which of the two possible initiation codons is used. The amino acid sequences following the second alternative AUG show 86% homology between the two species; the extended N-terminal sequences show no homology. The Neurospora protein is characterized by the appearance of the S(T)PXX sequence motif where the amino acid homologies break down. The codon usage is biased in both genes, with a marked deficiency, especially in Neurospora, of codons with A in the third position.The facA transcribed sequence contains six introns: one in the long leader sequence, one in the 5′ coding sequence not homologous with acu-5, and four within the sequence that is largely similar to that of acu-5. Only one intron, corresponding in size and position to the furthest downstream of the facA introns, is found in acu-5. The evolution of introns during the divergence of these two Ascomycete fungi is discussed. Each of the two genes has been transferred by transformation into the other species. Each species is evidently able to splice out the other's introns. Most transformants have normal acetate-induction of acetyl-CoA synthetase, emptying that the two genes respond to transcriptional control signals common to both species, in spite of the striking divergence of their 5′ ends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 2 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Four Neurospora crassa genomic clones have been selected as hybridizing much more strongly to labeled mRNA isolated from acetate-grown mycelium than to mRNA from sucrose-grown mycelium. Hybridization of restriction fragments with acetate-specific mRNA or cDNA has been used to delimit the transcribed region(s) of each clone. The transcription of all four clones is strongly induced by transfer of growing mycelium from sucrose to acetate as sole carbon source. In wild-type mycelium, mRNAs corresponding to the four clones reach maximum levels after four hours of induction. They accumulate more rapidly and reach higher levels in an acetate non-utilizing mutant, acu-7, which has been found to overproduce enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and to have a partial block in the TCA cycle. Molecular transformation of a Neurosporaacu-5 mutant and of an Aspergillus nidulans acuE mutant by DNA of clone 2 and clone 1, respectively, strongly suggests that clone 2 codes for acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase and that clone 1 codes for malate synthase. The transcribed segments of clones 1 and 2each hybridize to corresponding clones from Aspergillusnidulans (R. A. Sandeman and M. J. Hynes, personal communication).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 316 (1985), S. 769-770 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS book, by a former Soviet writer now resident in the United States, traces the career, downfall and destruction of the most famous Soviet biologist of the inter-war period. N.I. Vavilov was the son of a wealthy self-made businessman and one of two brothers, the other a physicist, who both ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 289 (1981), S. 97-97 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN the summary of their elegant demonstration of adenovirus recombination intermediates, Wolgemuth and Hsu1 state: "To the best of our knowledge, this is the first visualization of in vivo recombination intermediates of discrete DNA molecules isolated from eukaryotic cells". They appear to have ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 338 (1989), S. 14-15 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] RECOMBINATION within genes is generally by conversion - that is, by unilateral transfer of information from one allele to the other. It can be, and often is, accompanied by nearby crossing over, but it is most often the conversion rather than any correlated crossover that is responsible for the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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