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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of prior protein nutriture and nitrogen retention on the utilization of nonessential nitrogen in the young adult (1974)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 22 (1974), S. 184-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60192a005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative Determination of Glucose and Galactose (1955)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 27 (1955), S. 857-859 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60101a054
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of age and dietary histidine on histamine metabolism of the growing chick (1979)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 9 (1979), S. 435-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of age and of varying the dietary histidine level, with special emphasis on histamine metabolism, was studied in male, white Leghorn chicks. The birds were fed a 19% amino acid diet with histidine supplied from 0 to 0.8% of diet. In Experiment 1, 7-day-old chicks were fed the experimental diets for 7 days. In Experiment 2, chicks were fed the experimental diets for different time intervals to equalize their body weight at time of killing. In Experiment 3, birds were killed at 5, 9, 12 and 15 days of age when their body weights reached 69, 96, 136 and 184 g, respectively. Concentrations of anserine, carnosine, free-histidine and histamine, and activities of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and histamine methyl transferase (HMT) were assayed in whole brain, pectoralis major muscle and in proventriculus of 3 or 4 chicks per treatment group. The following results were obtained: As the level of dietary histidine increased, (1) tissue concentrations of free-histidine and of carnosine increased; (2) the activity of HMT increased; (3) the concentration of anserine remained constant; (4) the activity of HDC increased in brain and muscle, but decreased sharply in the proventriculus; (5) the concentration of histamine decreased. (6) Free-histidine concentration, HDC and HMT activities increased with an increase in age and body weight; however, histamine concentrations decreased with age and body weight. The results point to the possibility that the relatively greater increase in HMT activity compared to HDC may be responsible for the decrease in histamine concentration with increase in dietary histidine or increased age. The very high HDC activity in the proventriculus of birds fed low histidine diets may have contributed to the higher histamine concentrations in brain and muscle of birds fed low versus higher histidine-containing diets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01968107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF DIETARY HISTIDINE ON OLFACTION, AND RAT BRAIN AND MUSCLE CONCENTRATION OF HISTIDINE-CONTAINING DIPEPTIDES (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 29 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Young adult male rats were fed three diets; one was devoid of histidine (HF), the second supplied the maintenance requirement (M, 3.7% protein, 0.07% histidine), and the third provided an optimal amount of histidine for growth (G, 10.0% protein, 0.21% histidine). The M diet was pair-fed with the HF diet. After an 11 weeks experimental period, some HF animals were given the M diet for an 11 day repletion period. On the HF diet carnosine in the olfactory bulb and pectoral muscle, homocarnosine in whole brain and hemoglobin were sharply and significantly reduced in concentration below the levels found in the M and G groups. During the 11 day repletion period all concentrations except for hemoglobin returned to normal. Comparison of olfactory ability between M and HF rats showed no significant difference indicating that if carnosine is involved in olfaction, the amount required must be very small. Restricted food intake had no apparent effect on the concentration of histidine-containing dipeptides but did influence hemoglobin concentration. The HF rats appeared to exhibit an altered state of emotionality compared to either of the other two treatment groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1977.tb07790.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restricted Protein Intake and Avian Atherosclerosis (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 207 (1965), S. 329-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Day-old Leghorn cocks from the same random-bred strain used in previous investigations of avian atherosclerosis3'4 were divided into two groups of sixty, one being given an adequate and the other an inadequate protein-level. The basic diet was composed of soy-bean meal, glucose, maize oil, vitamins ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/207329b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of dietary histidine on tissue histamine concentration, histidine decarboxylase and histamine methyltransferase activity in the rat (1981)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 11 (1981), S. 307-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three-week-old male rats were fed for two weeks diets supplying inadequate, adequate, or excess amounts of histidine. After the 2-week feeding of the experimental diets, the rats were killed. Brain, gastrocnemius muscle, kidney and stomach were removed and analyzed for histamine and free-histidine as well as for the degradative enzyme, HMT, and the histamine-synthesizing enzyme HDC. The following results were obtained: As the level of dietary histidine increased, (1) tissue concentrations of free-histidine and of histamine increased in all the tissues analyzed. (2) The increase of histamine was greatest in brain and stomach (5- and 4-fold, respectively), but less in kidney and muscle (2-fold). (3) HDC activity was not detected in muscle, but doubled from the lowest to the highest histidine intake in brain and increased almost 6-fold between the lowest and the highest histidine levels in stomach. (4) Kidney HDC decreased from the lowest to the two higher levels of dietary histidine. (5) HMT activity increased nominally in brain and not significantly in kidney; none was detected in either muscle or stomach. (6) Brain and kidney, tissues with considerable HMT activity, had almost no histamine. The increases in tissue histamine concentrations observed in the tissues analyzed generally reflected the changes and magnitudes of enzyme activities for HMT and HDC. The results in the rat differ in important ways from those previously observed in chickens as follows: (1) Histamine concentrations as a function of dietary histidine decreased in the chick. (2) Both HDC and HMT activities were present in chick muscle tissue. (3) HDC activity in chick stomach decreased sharply as a function of dietary histidine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982463
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nutritional requirements of the protein-depleted chicken (1962)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 3 (1962), S. 48-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carcass composition, plasma protein, and hematocrit determinations were carried out on normal adult male chickens, and on adult males depleted by starvation for 4 weeks. For the first 2 weeks of depletion, N excretion was also determined for the starved animals. The following observations were recorded: 1. During 2 weeks of starvation the adult rooster lost approximately 25% of his body weight, and between 10 and 20% of his carcass N. 2. There was no loss in either weight or N content of feathers upon depletion; there was, however, a significant loss in feather fat. 3. The survival time of starved birds appeared to be related to their initial, prestarvation fat reserves. 4. The energy needs for repletion of depleted roosters, expressed on a body weight basis, were considerably higher than those necessary for maintaining normal animals. This appeared to be primarily a reflection of the greater proportion of ‘lean body mass’ (carcass N) in the starved birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021339
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nutritional requirement of the protein-depleted chicken (1962)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 3 (1962), S. 40-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The requirements of normal and of variously depleted birds of equal body weight were compared for tryptophan, arginine, methionine and lysine. Marked differences in requirement were noted between control and depleted birds as well as among the differently depleted groups. Birds depleted by starvation had a higher tryptophan requirement and a lower requirement for methionine and lysine than either controls or birds depleted on a N-free or a gelatin-containing diet. Those depleted on a N-free diet gained less well on a hydrolyzed casein diet than controls or previously starved birds. This difference in weight gain could be overcome by supplementing the hydrolyzed casein with small amounts of leucine, phenylalanine, and threonine. The birds depleted on a gelatin diet had a significantly lower arginine requirement than any of the other groups. We conclude that in birds of similar body weight the state of depletion influences not only the quantitative needs for protein and amino acids but, perhaps more importantly, the amino acid pattern necessary for optimal repletion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021338
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-vitamin E activity of isolated soy protein for the chick (1969)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 9 (1969), S. 271-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eintagshähnchen zweier verschiedener Rassen erhielten Rationen mit 1–5% Maisöl und 13 oder mehr mgα-Tocopherol per kg Futter. Wenn das Eiweiß der Rationen aus isoliertem Soja-Protein bestand, war das Wachstum der Hähnchen vermindert, die Mortalität nahm zu und Exudative Diathese und Encephalomalacia wurden beobachtet. Diese Symptome des Vitamin E Mangels wurden durch zusätzliches Tocopherol (50 mg/kg) oder durch ein Antioxidans (Ethoxyquin, 0,02% der Ration) verhindert; in einem Experiment wurden die Symptome aber nicht durch Selenium behoben. In einem anderen Experiment, in welchem ein neues Präparat von isoliertem Soja-Protein verwendet wurde, förderte Selenium das Wachstum erheblich. Wenn das Soja-Protein durch Casein ersetzt wurde, entstanden keine Symptome des Vitamin E Mangels mit der Grundration die 13 mg/kgα-Tocopherol enthielt. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf einen Vitamin E Antagonismus hin, der durch eine Interaktion zwischen dem isolierten Soja-Protein und Maisöl hervorgerufen wird.
    Notes: Summary Day-old male chicks of two breeds were fed diets providing from 1–5% corn oil and 13 or more mg/kgα-tocopherol. When the source of dietary protein was isolated soy protein, growth depression, exudative diathesis, and encephalomalacia accompanied by mortality occurred. These vitamin E deficiency symptoms were prevented by higher levels ofα-tocopherol (50 mg/kg) or by an antioxidant (ethoxyquin, 0.02% of diet) but were not relieved by selenium in one experiment. In another experiment, with a different supply of isolated soy protein, selenium significantly improved growth while no deficiency symptoms were noted with this soy protein preparation. With casein as the dietary protein, no vitamin E deficiency symptoms developed with 13 mg/kgα-tocopherol. The results point to a vitamin E antagonism that appears to be related to the processing of isolated soy protein and its interaction with corn oil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021508
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of amino acid deficiency or excess on creatinine excretion of rats (1966)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 7 (1966), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of single amino acid deficiencies or excesses on urinary creatinine excretion was studied in rats fed an otherwise balanced amino-acid-containing diet. Omission of single amino acids generally decreased creatinine excretion significantly. Gelatin addition produced a relatively large increase in creatinine excretion, but additions of other amino acids in excess did not point to a consistent change in the excretion pattern; some led to an increased and some to a decreased excretion, and some had no effect. With the exception of the gelatin effect, none of the amino acid excesses led to changes in creatinine excretion of the magnitude or significance observed with the amino-acid-deficient diets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021400
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