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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Technological change and worker participation in Europe (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New technology, work and employment 5 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-005X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article analyses the extent, evaluation and strategies for the future of employees, representatives and management regarding participation in technological change. The results from interviews in the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Denmark show a low level of involvement, particularly in strategic decision making, a positive evaluation of participation by practitioners and the intention to increase levels of involvement on both sides of industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-005X.1990.tb00122.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography (LC-GC) and LC-LC-GC for detecting irradiation of fat-containing foods (1992)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 195 (1992), S. 409-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary On-line coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection (LC-GC-FID) enables efficient and unambiguous determination of irradiation for some fat-containing foods (e.g. meat). Other products, however, contain interfering components or are contaminated, e.g., with mineral oil. Since more selective detection by mass spectrometry has limited success, the determination was improved by a more selective isolation of some key components among the fat degradation products, e.g. the dienes or trienes, by LC-LC-GC-FID. Applications are shown for soup mixes, some spices, fish, and shrimps.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Bestrahlung einiger fetthaltiger Lebensmittel, z. B. Fleisch, kann mit direkt gekoppelter LC-GC-FID rationell und eindeutig nachgewiesen werden. In anderen Proben wird die Analyse aber durch Inhaltsstoffe des Produktes oder durch Verunreinigungen (z. B. mit Mineralöl) gestört. Da selektivere Detektion durch Massenspektrqmetrie wenig verspricht, wurde der Nachweis durch selektivere Isolierung von Schlüsselkomponenten unter den Bestrahlungsprodukten, z. B. der Diene oder Triene, mittels LC-LC-GC yerbessert. Anwendungen werden gezeigt für Suppenpulver, einige Gewürze, Fisch und Garnelen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01191707
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modifizierte Methode zur Bestimmung von Patulin in Obstprodukten (1982)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 175 (1982), S. 342-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit der bisherigen Bestimmungsmethode von Patulin in Obstprodukten nach Möller u. Josefsson (HPLC der Essigester-Extrakte) sind nichtreproduzierbare Patulin-Werte gefunden worden. Dabei wurde beobachtet, daß Patulin, als alkaliempfindlichesγ-Lacton, bei der Reinigung der Essigester-Extrakte mit Na2CO3-Lösung teilweise zerstört wird. Durch Neutralisation der Extrakte wird ein Abbau des Mykotoxins weitgehend verhindert and eine erhöhte Stabilität des Extraktes erreicht. Mit dieser modifizierten Methode wurden auch hohere Ausbeuten an Patulin gefunden.
    Notes: Summary Using the method of Möller and Josefsson for the determination of patulin (HPLC of ethyl acetate extracts) non-reproducible values for patulin were found. It was observed that patulin, an alkali-sensitiveγ-lactone, is partially destroyed when the ethyl acetate extracts are washed with Na2CO3-solution. Neutralization of the extract prevents a degradation of the mycotoxin and stabilizes the extract. By using this modified method higher yields of patulin were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01136251
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of Fluorescence Quenching in Donor—Acceptor Labeled Antibody—Antigen Conjugates (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of fluorescence 10 (2000), S. 147-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Cyanine dyes ; energy transfer ; electron transfer ; Poisson distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The cyanine dyes Cy5 and Cy5.5 are presented as a new long wavelength-excitable donor-acceptor dye pair for homogeneous fluoroimmunoassays. The deactivation pathways responsible for the quenching of the fluorescence of the antibody-bound donor are elucidated. Upon binding of the donor dye to the antibodies at low dye/protein ratios, its fluorescence quantum yield rises to unity. Higher dye/protein ratios lead to progressive aggregation of the dyes, which results in quenching of monomer fluorescence due to resonance energy transfer (RET) from the monomers to the nonfluorescent dimers. The dependence of the quenching efficiency on the labeling ratio is described quantitatively by assuming a Poisson distribution of the dyes over the antibodies. The maximum fluorescence intensity per antibody is obtained at a labeling ratio of 4. Upon formation of the antibody-antigen complex, electron transfer and RET to the antigen-bound acceptor dye occur. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements reveal that approximately 50% of the donor quenching is due to RET, while the residual quenching effect is caused by the static quenching process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009443125878
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splitless injection of large volumes: Improved carrier gas regulation system (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 15 (1992), S. 812-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Splitless injection of large volumes ; Carrier gas supply ; Septum purge outlet ; Packed vaporizing chamber ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The classical vaporizing injector has been modified for splitless injection of large volumes: during solvent evaporation in the packed vaporizing chamber, the carrier gas supply is interrupted and the septum purge outlet fully opened. This prevents vapors penetrating the gas regulation system and keeps the pressure increase in the injector to a minimum.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240151208
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splitless injection of up to hundreds of microliters of liquid samples in capillary GC: Part 1, concept (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 15 (1992), S. 659-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Splitless injection, 100 μl volumes ; Injector insert, packing of ; Sample evaporation in vaporizing injector ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: If a sample evaporates by flash vaporization in an empty injector insert, the solute material is well mixed with the expanding solvent vapors and the maximum injection volume is determined by the requirement that no vapors must leave the vaporizing chamber. If evaporation occurs from a surface (e.g., of Tenax packing), however, the solvent evaporates first. The site of evaporation is cooled to the solvent's boiling point, and the cool island formed in the hot injector retains solutes of at least intermediate boiling point (visually observed for perylene). Solvent vapors, free from such solutes, may now expand backwards from the injector insert and leave through the septum purge exit. When solvent evaporation is complete, the site of evaporation warms up, causing the high boiling solutes to evaporate and to be carried into the column by the carrier gas. The technique somewhat resembles PTV injection, but is performed using a classical vaporizing injector.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240151006
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splitless injection of large volumes of aqueous samples - A basic feasibility study (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 224-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Splitless injection of large volumes of water ; Vapor overflow technique ; Direct aqueous injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experiments with splitless injection of large volumes of aqueous samples by the overflow technique have shown that an organic co-solvent is necessary to help the packing material (Tenax) retain the liquid. With 25-30% propanol or 15-20% 2-butoxyethanol, some 800 μl can be injected into a 5 mm i.d. liner. The application of the method is restricted to components eluting above ca 200 °C.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160404
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splitless injection of large volumes of aqueous samples: Further experience. Experiments on analyzing triazines by direct injection of drinking water (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 17 (1994), S. 792-794 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Splitless injection of large volumes of water ; Vapor overflow technique ; Triazines ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conditions were optimized for the introduction of large volumes of drinking water by splitless injection with vapor overflow, experimenting with the determination of triazines. No co-solvent was added, and the maximum injection volume was 400 μl. A vapor outlet beyond a coated precolumn was used to discharge water vapors released belatedly from the packing. Using alkali flame ionization detection (AFID), detection limits were around 0.5 μg/l.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240171112
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